[{"id":4664,"rocket_id":1468,"date":"1957-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Sputnik 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Sputnik 1 (PS-1), the world's first artificial Earth satellite, launched on an R-7-derived 8K71PS from Baikonur on 4 October 1957. The 83.6 kg polished sphere and its radio beeps opened the Space Age and triggered the U.S.–Soviet Space Race.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:18:00.604Z","spacedevs_id":"e3df2ecd-c239-472f-95e4-2b89b4f75800","net":"1957-10-04T19:28:34.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1957-001","gcat_id":"1957 ALP","payload_mass_kg":84,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Sputnik 8K71PS","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Sputnik-8K71PS.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":29.2,"modelfamily":"Sputnik","payloadleo":1327,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4665,"rocket_id":1468,"date":"1957-11-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Sputnik 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Sputnik 2 (PS-2), the second Soviet artificial satellite, launched on an 8K71PS from Baikonur on 3 November 1957. The ~508 kg spacecraft carried the dog Laika, the first animal to orbit Earth; she did not survive, and the craft reentered in April 1958.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:18:00.400Z","spacedevs_id":"f8c9f344-a6df-4f30-873a-90fe3a7840b3","net":"1957-11-03T02:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1957-002","gcat_id":"1957 BET","payload_mass_kg":518,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Sputnik 8K71PS","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Sputnik-8K71PS.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":29.2,"modelfamily":"Sputnik","payloadleo":1327,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4666,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1957-12-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard TV-3, the first U.S. attempt to orbit a satellite after Sputnik, launched a 1.5 kg Naval Research Laboratory sphere from Cape Canaveral on 6 December 1957. The booster lost thrust after rising about four feet, fell back, and exploded—mocked in the press as \"Flopnik\" or \"Kaputnik.\"","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:18:00.187Z","spacedevs_id":"535c1a09-97c8-4f96-bb64-6336d4bcb1fb","net":"1957-12-06T16:44:35.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 18A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1957-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vanguard","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vanguard.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":23,"modelfamily":"Vanguard","payloadleo":9,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4667,"rocket_id":1324,"date":"1958-02-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 1, America's first artificial satellite, launched on a Juno I (Jupiter-C) from Cape Canaveral on 1 February 1958 (31 January EST). The JPL/ABMA cosmic-ray payload discovered the Van Allen radiation belts, establishing the United States in the Space Race.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:59.851Z","spacedevs_id":"1b9e28d0-c531-44b0-9b37-244e62a6d3f4","net":"1958-02-01T03:47:56.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 26A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1958-001","gcat_id":"1958 ALP","payload_mass_kg":8,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Juno-I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Juno-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":21.2,"modelfamily":"Redstone","payloadleo":11,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4668,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1958-02-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard TV-3BU, the backup to the failed TV-3, attempted a second U.S. Vanguard satellite launch from Cape Canaveral on 5 February 1958. A control-system malfunction about 57 seconds after liftoff caused extreme pitch, vehicle breakup, and range-safety destruction.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:59.628Z","spacedevs_id":"48bc7deb-b2e1-46c2-ab63-0ce00fbd192b","net":"1958-02-05T07:33:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 18A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vanguard","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vanguard.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":23,"modelfamily":"Vanguard","payloadleo":9,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4669,"rocket_id":1324,"date":"1958-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 2, the second JPL/ABMA Explorer satellite on a Juno I from Cape Canaveral on 5 March 1958, intended to continue radiation-belt and micrometeorite measurements. The solid fourth stage failed to ignite and the payload never reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:59.402Z","spacedevs_id":"896e8af6-d256-4a5b-ab15-2f25c84e90e3","net":"1958-03-05T18:27:57.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 26A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F02","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Juno-I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Juno-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":21.2,"modelfamily":"Redstone","payloadleo":11,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4670,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1958-03-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard 1 (TV-4), a 1.47 kg Naval Research Laboratory IGY satellite, launched on a Vanguard rocket from Cape Canaveral on 17 March 1958. The second successful U.S. satellite and first solar-powered spacecraft, it remains the oldest human-made object still in Earth orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:59.190Z","spacedevs_id":"74d39bb8-34a6-4a8b-8554-d2d3ec22aee6","net":"1958-03-17T12:15:41.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 18A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1958-002","gcat_id":"1958 BET","payload_mass_kg":2,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vanguard","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vanguard.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":23,"modelfamily":"Vanguard","payloadleo":9,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4671,"rocket_id":1324,"date":"1958-03-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 3","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 3, a JPL/ABMA Earth-science satellite, launched on a Juno I from Cape Canaveral on 26 March 1958 into a highly elliptical orbit. Its cosmic-ray and micrometeorite instruments confirmed the Van Allen radiation belts discovered by Explorer 1.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:58.970Z","spacedevs_id":"b4e501ff-083c-47d6-9ff0-63ec1bf035c3","net":"1958-03-26T17:38:01.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 26A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1958-003","gcat_id":"1958 GAM","payload_mass_kg":8,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Juno-I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Juno-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":21.2,"modelfamily":"Redstone","payloadleo":11,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4672,"rocket_id":1469,"date":"1958-04-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"D-1 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"First attempt to launch Object D (Sputnik D-1 No.1), the heavy Soviet scientific satellite later flown as Sputnik 3, on an 8A91 from Baikonur on 27 April 1958. The launch vehicle disintegrated about 88 seconds after liftoff and the ~1.3-tonne payload was lost.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:58.621Z","spacedevs_id":"59d2de37-4c22-495f-8718-4b22f5f34ab7","net":"1958-04-27T07:00:35.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Sputnik 8A91","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Sputnik-8A91.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":29.2,"modelfamily":"Sputnik","payloadleo":1327,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4673,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1958-04-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard TV-5, a Naval Research Laboratory test flight with a ~10 kg X-ray/geodetic satellite, launched from Cape Canaveral LC-18A on 29 April 1958. The first two stages performed, but the solid third stage failed to ignite after separation and the payload did not reach orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:58.391Z","spacedevs_id":"de282e74-e03b-411e-9633-2d1497629893","net":"1958-04-29T02:53:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 18A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F04","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vanguard","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vanguard.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":23,"modelfamily":"Vanguard","payloadleo":9,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4674,"rocket_id":1469,"date":"1958-05-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"D1- 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Sputnik 3 (Object D / D-1 No.2), a ~1,327 kg Soviet automatic scientific laboratory, launched on an 8A91 from Baikonur on 15 May 1958. The first large multi-instrument Earth-science satellite measured radiation, micrometeoroids, and the upper atmosphere from a highly elliptical LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:58.171Z","spacedevs_id":"6a7f56f9-2565-4b6c-b0c5-23e9c74a2368","net":"1958-05-15T07:00:35.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1958-004","gcat_id":"1958 DEL","payload_mass_kg":1327,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Sputnik 8A91","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Sputnik-8A91.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":29.2,"modelfamily":"Sputnik","payloadleo":1327,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4675,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1958-05-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard SLV-1, the first production Vanguard Satellite Launch Vehicle, attempted to orbit a 10 kg Lyman-alpha ultraviolet Earth-science satellite from Cape Canaveral on 28 May 1958. A second-stage attitude-control failure put the third stage on the wrong trajectory and the payload never reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:57.965Z","spacedevs_id":"a861fb4d-8988-468b-abd1-a6e8abe5f2c7","net":"1958-05-28T03:46:20.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 18A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F05","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vanguard","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vanguard.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":23,"modelfamily":"Vanguard","payloadleo":9,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4676,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1958-06-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard SLV-2, carrying a 10 kg Lyman-alpha/geodetic satellite for the Naval Research Laboratory's Project Vanguard, launched from Cape Canaveral LC-18A on 26 June 1958. Premature second-stage cutoff after only about eight seconds of burn left insufficient velocity and the payload failed to reach orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:17:57.658Z","spacedevs_id":"57e64adf-5c20-4c81-b17a-587b44d574b0","net":"1958-06-26T05:00:52.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 18A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F06","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vanguard","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vanguard.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":23,"modelfamily":"Vanguard","payloadleo":9,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4677,"rocket_id":1344,"date":"1958-07-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"NOTS 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pilot-1, the first U.S. Navy NOTS Project Pilot (NOTSNIK) air-launched orbital attempt from an F4D Skyray, lost radio contact after release at ~41,000 ft; unconfirmed tracking reports never established orbit, and the flight is scored a failure.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:06.557Z","spacedevs_id":"64da1836-0c00-4074-ab0a-f9d0ee6b1221","net":"1958-07-25T00:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake","pad_location":"Air launch to Suborbital flight","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F07","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Project Pilot","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/NOTS-EV1-Pilot.png","provider_manufacturer":"USN","height":4.4,"modelfamily":"NOTS EV1 Pilot","payloadleo":1,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4678,"rocket_id":1324,"date":"1958-07-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 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excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Juno-I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Juno-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":21.2,"modelfamily":"Redstone","payloadleo":11,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4679,"rocket_id":1344,"date":"1958-08-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"NOTS 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pilot-2, a U.S. Navy NOTS Project Pilot (NOTSNIK) air-launched satellite attempt from an F4D Skyray out of Point Mugu/China Lake, exploded during first-stage HOTROC ignition after release from the carrier aircraft.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:06.124Z","spacedevs_id":"ac4c0c44-1925-4636-99b5-8c3b33d6c62a","net":"1958-08-12T00:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake","pad_location":"Air launch to Suborbital flight","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F08","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Project Pilot","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/NOTS-EV1-Pilot.png","provider_manufacturer":"USN","height":4.4,"modelfamily":"NOTS EV1 Pilot","payloadleo":1,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4680,"rocket_id":1388,"date":"1958-08-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Able I (Pioneer)","orbit":"LO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer 0 (Able 1), the world's first attempted lunar probe with TV camera, magnetometer, and micrometeoroid detector, was destroyed when Thor-Able I (Thor #127) exploded ~74 s after launch from Cape Canaveral 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ascent; unconfirmed weak tracking signals fueled orbit rumors, but the flight is scored a failure.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:05.557Z","spacedevs_id":"ee6958bf-155d-4400-9d9a-9d3e27c56d6d","net":"1958-08-22T00:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake","pad_location":"Air launch to Suborbital flight","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F10","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Project Pilot","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/NOTS-EV1-Pilot.png","provider_manufacturer":"USN","height":4.4,"modelfamily":"NOTS EV1 Pilot","payloadleo":1,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4682,"rocket_id":1324,"date":"1958-08-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 5","orbit":"MEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 5, a JPL/ABMA charged-particle satellite built to study Van Allen belts and Project Argus nuclear effects, failed on a Juno I from Cape Canaveral when the Redstone recontacted the second stage after separation and misaimed the upper stages.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:05.337Z","spacedevs_id":"a17719ee-5a39-452d-afc6-770d3c6deb1b","net":"1958-08-24T06:17:22.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F11","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Juno-I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Juno-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":21.2,"modelfamily":"Redstone","payloadleo":11,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4683,"rocket_id":1344,"date":"1958-08-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"NOTS 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top 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lines.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:04.308Z","spacedevs_id":"b6141255-54e9-4edc-839d-1dc81b61f19f","net":"1958-09-23T07:40:23.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F15","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-L 8K72","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-L.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4687,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1958-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"MEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard SLV-3 (Vanguard 2D), an NRL ~10 kg IGY satellite with infrared photocells to scan Earth's cloud cover from Cape Canaveral LC-18A, 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launched under NASA auspices, a Thor-Able lunar orbiter from Cape Canaveral LC-17A. A guidance/velocity error prevented lunar orbit, but the probe reached about 113,800 km apogee over a 43-hour flight and returned radiation and micrometeorite data.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:33.895Z","spacedevs_id":"a58b6abf-6b0e-492c-8bf3-1fa586f8d4da","net":"1958-10-11T08:42:13.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1958-007","gcat_id":"1958 ETA","payload_mass_kg":38,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Able I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Able-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":30,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":120,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4689,"rocket_id":1454,"date":"1958-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-1b","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Failure","order":1,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna E-1 No.2 (NASA designation Luna 1958B), the second Soviet Ye-1 lunar impactor attempt on a Vostok-L 8K72 from Baikonur. Longitudinal vibration (pogo) again ruptured propellant lines about 104 seconds after liftoff, destroying the booster and the 361 kg Moon-impact probe.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:34.101Z","spacedevs_id":"b9dfc9fc-7c79-4c85-833e-037b3ee311aa","net":"1958-10-11T21:41:58.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F17","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-L 8K72","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-L.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4690,"rocket_id":1324,"date":"1958-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Beacon","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Beacon 1, a NACA/Langley inflatable 12-foot mylar balloon satellite for air-density measurement and naked-eye tracking, launched on the final Juno I from Cape Canaveral LC-5. The payload separated early and the upper stages broke up; the balloon never reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:33.561Z","spacedevs_id":"96c31f2e-670c-46d5-8c5c-bc0e47dce16e","net":"1958-10-23T03:21:04.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F18","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Juno-I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Juno-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":21.2,"modelfamily":"Redstone","payloadleo":11,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4691,"rocket_id":1388,"date":"1958-11-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pioneer 2","orbit":"LO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer 2 (Able 3), the third USAF/NASA Thor-Able lunar orbiter attempt from Cape Canaveral LC-17A. The solid third stage failed to ignite after staging; the ~39 kg probe reached only about 1,550 km altitude and burned up over Africa after roughly 45 minutes.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:33.213Z","spacedevs_id":"64ecf17b-09e4-42ab-aa54-8d87b989e365","net":"1958-11-08T07:30:21.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F19","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Able I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Able-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":30,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":120,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4692,"rocket_id":1454,"date":"1958-12-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-1c","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna E-1 No.3 (NASA designation Luna 1958C), the third Soviet Ye-1 lunar impactor attempt on a Vostok-L 8K72 from Baikonur. The core-stage hydrogen peroxide pump seized about 245 seconds after liftoff, the booster lost thrust and disintegrated, and the probe never reached trajectory.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:32.997Z","spacedevs_id":"3fabc98a-84bf-4b91-bec8-31f30eee9dc3","net":"1958-12-04T18:18:45.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1958-F20","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-L 8K72","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-L.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4693,"rocket_id":1188,"date":"1958-12-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pioneer 3","orbit":"Lunar flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer 3, a NASA/ABMA lunar flyby and Van Allen radiation probe launched on the first Juno II from Cape Canaveral. First-stage cutoff 3.7 seconds early prevented escape velocity; the probe reached about 102,000 km apogee, measured the outer radiation belt, then reentered.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:32.776Z","spacedevs_id":"e83eac3f-29eb-4fac-b826-247261bd170d","net":"1958-12-06T05:44:52.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1958-008","gcat_id":"1958 THE","payload_mass_kg":6,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Juno II","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Juno-II.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":24,"modelfamily":"Juno","payloadleo":41,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4694,"rocket_id":1233,"date":"1958-12-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"SCORE","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Project SCORE (Signal Communications by Orbiting Relay Equipment) on Atlas-B 10B from Cape Canaveral LC-11. World's first purpose-built communications satellite and first successful Atlas orbital use; it broadcast President Eisenhower's Christmas peace message from low Earth orbit for about 12 days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:32.563Z","spacedevs_id":"80c8e883-8456-45e7-9ed7-abb1a587c5d9","net":"1958-12-18T23:02:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 11","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1958-006","gcat_id":"1958 ZET","payload_mass_kg":68,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"SM-65B Atlas","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-B-SCORE.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":31.4,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":68,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4695,"rocket_id":1454,"date":"1959-01-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-1","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna 1 (Mechta / E-1 No.4), a Soviet lunar impactor launched on a Vostok-L 8K72 from Baikonur. A second-stage burn error caused it to miss the Moon by about 6,000 km, but it became the first spacecraft to leave Earth orbit and enter heliocentric orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:32.353Z","spacedevs_id":"574ba4a9-76fb-4207-a587-dbc39fc1a6e4","net":"1959-01-02T16:41:21.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1959-012","gcat_id":"1959 MU","payload_mass_kg":205,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-L 8K72","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-L.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4696,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1959-02-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard II","orbit":"MEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard 2 (Vanguard 2E), launched on Vanguard SLV-4 from Cape Canaveral LC-18A. 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Agena telemetry was lost after about 12 minutes; the payload is generally presumed to have impacted near Antarctica without a confirmed orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:31.839Z","spacedevs_id":"2e03da7f-8604-416c-9313-8c456d893a6f","net":"1959-02-28T21:49:16.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1959-002","gcat_id":"1959 BET","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4698,"rocket_id":1188,"date":"1959-03-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pioneer 4","orbit":"Lunar flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer 4, a NASA/JPL lunar flyby probe launched on Juno II from Cape Canaveral LC-5. 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First satellite three-axis stabilized and commanded from the ground, and first to return a reentry capsule from orbit; a timing error dropped the capsule near Spitsbergen, and it was never recovered.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:31.408Z","spacedevs_id":"e10a11fb-e3b9-4def-b281-c5602653b2dc","net":"1959-04-13T21:18:39.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1959-003","gcat_id":"1959 GAM","payload_mass_kg":198,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 61% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4700,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1959-04-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard SLV-5, carrying a 13-inch magnetometer satellite (Vanguard 3A) and an inflatable air-density sub-satellite for Earth magnetic-field and upper-atmosphere studies. Second-stage attitude control was lost after first-stage separation; the stack tumbled into the Atlantic after about 500 seconds.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:31.173Z","spacedevs_id":"c3d28943-4905-47b6-89c7-13b8dce45eef","net":"1959-04-14T02:49:46.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 18A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1959-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vanguard","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vanguard.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":23,"modelfamily":"Vanguard","payloadleo":9,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4701,"rocket_id":1392,"date":"1959-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Discoverer 3","orbit":"PO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Discoverer 3, the third Corona KH-1 test flight and first Discoverer planned with live animal passengers (four mice), launched on a Thor Agena-A from Vandenberg on 3 June 1959. 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The inertial guidance system failed at T+153 seconds and range safety destroyed the vehicle; the 387 kg probe never left Earth.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:19.013Z","spacedevs_id":"c5b416c9-5e12-42b1-85db-e3f807906166","net":"1959-06-18T08:08:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1959-F06","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-L 8K72","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-L.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4703,"rocket_id":1449,"date":"1959-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vanguard","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vanguard SLV-6 (Vanguard 3B), a Naval Research Laboratory satellite intended to study solar heating of Earth, launched from Cape Canaveral LC-18A on 22 June 1959. 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Second operational KH-1 flight; it reached orbit, but the camera failed on the first orbit and the return capsule entered a higher orbit instead of deorbiting.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:16:17.794Z","spacedevs_id":"a87cf2ee-4169-4cdc-9fc4-8ff7ce8ebfea","net":"1959-08-13T19:00:08.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1959-005","gcat_id":"1959 EPS","payload_mass_kg":280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4708,"rocket_id":1188,"date":"1959-08-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Beacon","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Beacon 2, a NASA 12-foot inflatable balloon satellite for atmospheric-density studies, launched on a Juno II from Cape Canaveral on 15 August 1959. 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Range safety destroyed the vehicle during ascent; the payload never reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:11:45.851Z","spacedevs_id":"5c685372-5050-401f-9d06-cf03a5ec4fa0","net":"1961-07-21T22:35:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1961-F07","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B-ARGON.png","model":"Thor DM-21 Agena-B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23.4,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4781,"rocket_id":1186,"date":"1961-08-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Discoverer 28","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Discoverer 28 (Corona Mission 9021 / KH-2 7), a CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite and the final KH-2 flight, launched on a Thor DM-21 Agena-B from Vandenberg on 4 August 1961. 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Titov spent about 25 hours and 17 orbits in space—the first full day aloft—and ejected for a separate parachute landing after reentry.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:11:44.937Z","spacedevs_id":"1bf16c97-1401-4948-b805-3bab2c77fdbc","net":"1961-08-06T06:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1961-019","gcat_id":"1961 TAU","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-K.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":4725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4783,"rocket_id":1398,"date":"1961-08-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 12","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 12 (EPE-A / S-3), a NASA Energetic Particles Explorer for magnetospheric and radiation-belt studies, launched on a Thor DM-19 Delta from Cape Canaveral LC-17A on 16 August 1961 into a highly elliptical Earth orbit. 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Agena failed to restart, stranding it in low Earth orbit instead of the planned high elliptical orbit; it decayed on 30 August.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:11:44.168Z","spacedevs_id":"0590523c-4b00-445a-bdb7-2970f04c24ce","net":"1961-08-23T10:04:10.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1961-021","gcat_id":"1961 PHI","payload_mass_kg":306,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4785,"rocket_id":1185,"date":"1961-08-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 13","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 13 (S-55A), a NASA Langley micrometeoroid research satellite, launched on Scout X-1 (ST-6) from Wallops Island LA-3 on 25 August 1961. It reached a lower-than-planned orbit and decayed after only about three days, rendering the mission unusable.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:11:43.919Z","spacedevs_id":"eac7f345-ba58-4629-8757-aca1d081a6fb","net":"1961-08-25T18:29:44.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 3","pad_location":"Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia, USA","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1961-022","gcat_id":"1961 CHI","payload_mass_kg":62,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":59,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4786,"rocket_id":1186,"date":"1961-08-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Discoverer 29","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Discoverer 29 (Corona Mission 9023 / KH-3 1), the first CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with the KH-3 panoramic camera, launched on a Thor DM-21 Agena-B from Vandenberg on 30 August 1961. 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Thor Delta (D010) from Cape Canaveral LC-17A successfully placed it in a near-polar low Earth orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:06:39.853Z","spacedevs_id":"04604499-6230-4cb1-99a0-3e68c0f5edef","net":"1962-06-19T12:19:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-025","gcat_id":"1962 A ALP","payload_mass_kg":131,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":226,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4838,"rocket_id":1186,"date":"1962-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4 6 (Corona 44 / Mission 9037 / FTV-1129), an NRO/CIA film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual panoramic cameras. 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Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg placed it in LEO; film was recovered, though images were severely degraded by static.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:06:37.198Z","spacedevs_id":"53b9c44c-bca6-4011-a48d-3c9287aaa8a7","net":"1962-08-02T00:17:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-034","gcat_id":"1962 A KAP","payload_mass_kg":330,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D-KH-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4848,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1962-08-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Samos-E6 4","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"SAMOS E-6 No. 4 (Samos 10 / FTV-2404), a U.S. Air Force film-return optical reconnaissance satellite. 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Scout X-2M from Point Arguello LC-D on 23 August 1962 placed it in orbit; operations ran until June 1963.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:07:03.677Z","spacedevs_id":"085be7a8-8aa7-46ff-b60f-512eb71c3e7f","net":"1962-08-23T11:33:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-039","gcat_id":"1962 A OMI","payload_mass_kg":50,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-2M","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":22,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":76,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4853,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1962-08-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Venera 2a","orbit":"Helio-N/A","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Venera 2MV-1 No.1 (Sputnik 19), a Soviet Venus lander attempt launched on a Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur on 25 August 1962. 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It flew past Venus on 14 December 1962 at about 34,800 km, returning the first in-situ planetary data.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:07:03.237Z","spacedevs_id":"44ebf43b-accb-4cc4-aaaa-43c2f13e90df","net":"1962-08-27T06:53:14.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-041","gcat_id":"1962 A RHO","payload_mass_kg":203,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-LV-3-Agena-B-Mariner-R.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4855,"rocket_id":1393,"date":"1962-08-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 11 & RM 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"FTV-1153 (KH-4 11 / Corona Mission 9044), a CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual panoramic cameras for area search. Thor DM-21 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 29 August 1962; attitude-control problems limited imaging though the film capsule returned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:07:02.884Z","spacedevs_id":"84e776ec-6bff-4de1-b2cc-a4ef985cb1ec","net":"1962-08-29T01:00:36.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-042","gcat_id":"1962 A SIG","payload_mass_kg":344,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D-KH-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4856,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1962-09-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Venera 2b","orbit":"Helio-N/A","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Venera 2MV-1 No.2 (Sputnik 20), a Soviet Venus lander attempt launched on a Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur on 1 September 1962. A valve failed to open, blocking upper-stage restart, so the probe never left low Earth orbit and decayed on 6 September.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:07:02.441Z","spacedevs_id":"d72ee979-8cbd-4663-9b39-85e51c4983ea","net":"1962-09-01T02:12:30.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1962-043","gcat_id":"1962 A TAU","payload_mass_kg":1200,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78.png","model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4857,"rocket_id":1186,"date":"1962-09-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-5 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"FTV-1132 (KH-5 Argon 6 / Corona Mission 9042A), a CIA/NRO film-return mapping reconnaissance satellite for geodetic area survey. 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At T+531 s a Stage-3 vernier exploded after an oxidizer valve failed to close, leaving the spacecraft stranded in low Earth orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:07:02.229Z","spacedevs_id":"f7612657-5c7b-4ec4-954e-85aba5a18440","net":"1962-09-12T00:59:13.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1962-045","gcat_id":"1962 A PHI","payload_mass_kg":1500,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78.png","model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4859,"rocket_id":1186,"date":"1962-09-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 12","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"FTV-1133 (KH-4 / Corona Mission 9043), a CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual panoramic cameras for area search, plus failed-to-separate ERS-2 piggyback. 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one of only two Argon missions that returned usable imagery (~140 m resolution).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:05.019Z","spacedevs_id":"e3abb342-f792-4c92-be52-27f0f952d547","net":"1962-10-09T18:35:39.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-053","gcat_id":"1962 B EPS","payload_mass_kg":297,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B-ARGON.png","model":"Thor DM-21 Agena-B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23.4,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4867,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1962-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 10 (Zenit-2 #6), a Soviet military film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on a Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 1/5 into LEO for short-duration optical imaging of ground targets with the Ftor-2 camera package.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:04.803Z","spacedevs_id":"d5bda8d3-7381-4add-9837-f076b939d1ee","net":"1962-10-17T09:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-054","gcat_id":"1962 B ZET","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4868,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1962-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ranger 5","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ranger 5 (P-36), NASA JPL’s third Block II lunar impactor/semi-soft lander launched on an Atlas LV-3 Agena-B from Cape Canaveral LC-12; after injection the spacecraft lost power, batteries died in under nine hours, and it missed the Moon by ~725 km.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:04.553Z","spacedevs_id":"c851964a-3383-4f48-9ea4-af2d83716fec","net":"1962-10-18T16:59:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-055","gcat_id":"1962 B ETA","payload_mass_kg":351,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4869,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1962-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-A1 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 11 (DS-A1 #1), a Yuzhnoye ~250 kg technology satellite launched on a Kosmos-2I from Kapustin Yar Mayak-2 to test communication and navigation techniques and make radiation measurements from a 240×858 km, 49° orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:04.321Z","spacedevs_id":"ec147036-451e-4d15-bb9c-e775aa38d908","net":"1962-10-20T04:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mayak-2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-056","gcat_id":"1962 B THE","payload_mass_kg":220,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4870,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1962-10-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mars 1c","orbit":"Mars flyby","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mars 2MV-4 No.1 (Sputnik 22), a Soviet ~894 kg Mars flyby probe launched on a Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur; 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Thor DM-21 Agena-B from Vandenberg lofted it into LEO for Cold War imaging of the Soviet Union.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:13.992Z","spacedevs_id":"54bc07dd-aa6e-40cc-a099-2c97c8456e7f","net":"1962-11-05T22:04:32.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-063","gcat_id":"1962 B OMI","payload_mass_kg":350,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B-KH-4.png","model":"Thor DM-21 Agena-B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23.4,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4878,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1962-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Samos-E6 5","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"SAMOS E-6 No.5 (Samos 11), a U.S. Air Force Program 201 film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with a large recovery vehicle, plus secondary TRS 1. Atlas LV-3 Agena-B from Point Arguello lofted it into polar LEO for high-resolution imaging trials.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:13.779Z","spacedevs_id":"df578c03-b2eb-4dea-b733-907a0e215a33","net":"1962-11-11T20:17:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-064","gcat_id":"1962 B PI","payload_mass_kg":1001,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-SAMOS-E6.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4879,"rocket_id":1186,"date":"1962-11-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 15","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4 15 (Corona 56 / Mission 9048), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite on an Agena-B bus with dual panoramic cameras and SRV. Thor DM-21 Agena-B from Vandenberg placed it in LEO; some film was exposed through the base during the mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:13.418Z","spacedevs_id":"dbd89bc3-35db-4d5d-bd4b-700fa028e28b","net":"1962-11-24T22:00:54.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-065","gcat_id":"1962 B RHO","payload_mass_kg":396,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B-KH-4.png","model":"Thor DM-21 Agena-B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23.4,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4880,"rocket_id":1393,"date":"1962-12-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 16","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4 16 (Corona 57 / Mission 9049), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual panoramic cameras and a recoverable film capsule. Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it into LEO for Cold War imaging of the Soviet bloc.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:13.029Z","spacedevs_id":"e82091d2-b79b-46e4-a31c-2bd10b85820d","net":"1962-12-04T21:30:35.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-066","gcat_id":"1962 B SIG","payload_mass_kg":376,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D-KH-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4881,"rocket_id":1393,"date":"1962-12-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Poppy 3A & 3B","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"POPPY 1 (Mission 7101), the first NRO/NRL POPPY electronic-intelligence cluster (two ELINT satellites), with secondary payloads Injun 3, SURCAL 2, Calsphere 1, and AFTRACK Wild Bill. Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg placed the multi-satellite stack into LEO to collect Soviet radar emissions.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:12.582Z","spacedevs_id":"193b52f6-384f-4946-bc5d-e577ac0c8a10","net":"1962-12-13T04:07:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-067","gcat_id":"1962 B TAU","payload_mass_kg":112,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D.png","model":"Thor Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D-KH-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4882,"rocket_id":1400,"date":"1962-12-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Relay 1","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Relay 1 (A-15), NASA's first active repeater communications satellite, also carrying radiation-belt experiments. Maiden Thor Delta B flight from Cape Canaveral LC-17A placed it in an elliptical medium orbit; after early power-regulator problems it operated for more than two years.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:12.805Z","spacedevs_id":"e4661171-ad81-43fb-98ae-e14e109428bb","net":"1962-12-13T23:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-068","gcat_id":"1962 B UPS","payload_mass_kg":78,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":370,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4883,"rocket_id":1393,"date":"1962-12-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4 17 (Corona 58 / Mission 9050), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual panoramic cameras and a recovery capsule. Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it into LEO for Cold War imaging of the Soviet Union and China.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:12.173Z","spacedevs_id":"85b20b68-a12a-46d6-b452-3ae11bd883c2","net":"1962-12-14T21:26:07.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-069","gcat_id":"1962 B PHI","payload_mass_kg":382,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D-KH-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4884,"rocket_id":1367,"date":"1962-12-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 16","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 16 (S-55B), a NASA micrometeoroid research satellite measuring near-Earth dust flux and structural penetration rates. Maiden Scout X-3 flight from Wallops Island LA-3 placed it in LEO; the spacecraft operated about 7.5 months and met all mission objectives.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:11.908Z","spacedevs_id":"0f7bfbae-ee78-4e86-93e2-ae02bbe052f5","net":"1962-12-16T14:33:04.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 3","pad_location":"Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-070","gcat_id":"1962 B CHI","payload_mass_kg":76,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-3-Style-E.png","model":"Scout X-3","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":24,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":87,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4885,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1962-12-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Midas 6","orbit":"MEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"MIDAS 6 (Missile Defense Alarm System), a U.S. Air Force infrared early-warning satellite for detecting ballistic-missile launches, with secondary TRS 3 and TRS 4 research satellites. Atlas LV-3 Agena-B from Vandenberg failed about 80 seconds after liftoff when a hydraulic rise-off disconnect lost booster hydraulics and the vehicle self-destructed.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:05:11.663Z","spacedevs_id":"796705f7-eece-4e77-9884-7ebf24135faa","net":"1962-12-17T20:36:33.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1962-F09","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4886,"rocket_id":1367,"date":"1962-12-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-5A 1","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit 5A-1, a U.S. Navy navigation-satellite technology craft for the Transit (NAVSAT) system, launched on a Scout X-3 from Point Arguello LC-D on 19 December 1962. It reached polar low Earth orbit, but its power system failed within a day of operations.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:16.794Z","spacedevs_id":"051fb4e7-dee8-43ab-ab58-84fa8db9a587","net":"1962-12-19T01:25:45.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-071","gcat_id":"1962 B PSI","payload_mass_kg":59,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-3","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":24,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":87,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4887,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1962-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 12, a Zenit-2 film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for Soviet military area survey imaging, launched on a Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur on 22 December 1962. It completed its low Earth orbit mission and deorbited on 30 December.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:16.479Z","spacedevs_id":"0e182d0e-541d-4cef-b2da-e573b61b860a","net":"1962-12-22T09:23:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1962-072","gcat_id":"1962 B OME","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4888,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1963-01-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-4c","orbit":"LO","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna E-6 No.2 (Sputnik 25), the first Ye-6 soft lunar lander attempt and maiden Molniya-L flight from Baikonur on 4 January 1963. The upper-stage ullage motor failed to ignite for translunar injection, stranding the probe in a useless low Earth orbit until reentry on 11 January.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:16.067Z","spacedevs_id":"9c4d22b1-4914-4bce-85c6-cd793db75aff","net":"1963-01-04T08:49:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1963-001","gcat_id":"1963-001","payload_mass_kg":1770,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 94% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-E6.png","model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4889,"rocket_id":1393,"date":"1963-01-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 18","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 0048 (KH-4 18 / Corona Mission 9051), a CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for broad-area search imaging. Thor DM-21 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 7 January 1963; attitude-control problems limited spacecraft performance though the film capsule returned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:15.667Z","spacedevs_id":"05785a92-a310-49c5-abb2-d254834dc44e","net":"1963-01-07T21:09:49.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-002","gcat_id":"1963-002","payload_mass_kg":369,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D-KH-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4890,"rocket_id":1186,"date":"1963-01-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"P-698BK Group 1-D 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 0180 (Ferret / Samos-F2 3), a U.S. Air Force/NRO electronic intelligence satellite for collecting Soviet radar and communications emissions. Final flight of the Thor DM-21 Agena-B from Vandenberg on 16 January 1963 successfully placed it in low Earth orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:15.441Z","spacedevs_id":"3036fec2-747a-4414-b669-c65da15a8387","net":"1963-01-16T21:59:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-003","gcat_id":"1963-003","payload_mass_kg":306,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B-Ferret.png","model":"Thor DM-21 Agena-B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23.4,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4891,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1963-02-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-4d","orbit":"LO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna E-6 No.3 (Luna 1963B), a Soviet Ye-6 soft lunar lander attempt launched on a Molniya-L from Baikonur on 3 February 1963. An upper-stage gyroscope malfunction destroyed the vehicle, which never reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:15.175Z","spacedevs_id":"d3da5d57-57a6-49c7-ab15-ef4dd4d0cba6","net":"1963-02-03T09:29:14.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1963-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-E6.png","model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4892,"rocket_id":1400,"date":"1963-02-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Syncom 1","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Syncom 1, NASA's first geosynchronous communications satellite (Hughes HS-301), launched on a Thor-Delta B from Cape Canaveral on 14 February 1963. 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Only flight of the Scout X-3M, from Point Arguello LC-D on 19 February 1963, successfully reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:04:14.743Z","spacedevs_id":"7aa56e72-1364-4e2f-b018-83d407c4a9cf","net":"1963-02-19T16:52:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-005","gcat_id":"1963-005","payload_mass_kg":50,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-3M","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":22,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":87,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4894,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1963-02-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 19","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 0583 (KH-4 19 / Corona Mission 9052), a CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual panoramic cameras. 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Kosmos-2I from Kapustin Yar placed it in LEO on 22 May 1963.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:34.094Z","spacedevs_id":"315f3a68-f8dd-4cbc-89ff-419a17489e62","net":"1963-05-22T03:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mayak-2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-017","gcat_id":"1963-017","payload_mass_kg":220,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4912,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1963-05-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 18 (Zenit-2 #11), a Soviet military film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur lofted it into LEO on 24 May 1963; the capsule returned successfully after about nine days on orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:33.887Z","spacedevs_id":"cc428d87-f9f5-4d76-b8b6-cee558b95dca","net":"1963-05-24T10:34:06.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-018","gcat_id":"1963-018","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4913,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1963-06-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-MT 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DS-MT #1, a Soviet technology satellite meant to demonstrate a gyrodyne orientation system and study cosmic rays. Kosmos-2I from Kapustin Yar failed four seconds after liftoff when the first stage malfunctioned; it never received a Kosmos number.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:33.672Z","spacedevs_id":"7e557987-aaea-40ad-a515-5e2e78796b45","net":"1963-06-01T02:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mayak-2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1963-F08","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4914,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1963-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Midas 8","orbit":"MEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"MIDAS 8, a U.S. Air Force Missile Defense Alarm System infrared early-warning satellite with TRS-7 and TRS-8 piggybacks. Atlas LV-3A Agena-B from Point Arguello failed to reach the intended medium Earth orbit on 12 June 1963.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:33.132Z","spacedevs_id":"17412353-fd9d-4c03-84e4-07806064952a","net":"1963-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1963-F09","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4915,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1963-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 21","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 0954 (KH-4 Corona mission 9054), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Thrust-Augmented Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it into LEO; the film capsule was recovered, though some images were unusable due to corona effect.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:33.458Z","spacedevs_id":"423a0245-826c-40bf-98dc-4b7bdfe73e5e","net":"1963-06-12T23:58:38.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-019","gcat_id":"1963-019","payload_mass_kg":628,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 76% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D-KH-4.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4916,"rocket_id":1103,"date":"1963-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vostok 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vostok 5, a crewed Soviet orbital flight with cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky lasting nearly five days. Vostok-K from Baikonur lofted him into LEO; he flew jointly with Tereshkova on Vostok 6 and set a then-record solo endurance.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:32.912Z","spacedevs_id":"0d0acc45-bcf8-4d06-8093-be999f9233ba","net":"1963-06-14T11:58:58.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-020","gcat_id":"1963-020","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-K.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":4725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4917,"rocket_id":1393,"date":"1963-06-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Poppy 4A & 4B","orbit":"LEO","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"NRL Composite 3 / Poppy 2 multipayload—Poppy 2A (Solrad 6), Poppy 2B, Poppy 2C (RADOSE), LOFTI 2A, Surcal 3, and Wild Bill 4 ELINT and science satellites for the U.S. Navy. Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg reached an incorrect orbit (partial failure) on 15 June 1963.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:32.639Z","spacedevs_id":"de34a344-6fc7-4d21-acdf-b9a97f338e22","net":"1963-06-15T14:29:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1963-021","gcat_id":"1963-021","payload_mass_kg":141,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D.png","model":"Thor Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D-KH-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4918,"rocket_id":1367,"date":"1963-06-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-5A 3","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit 5A-3, a U.S. Navy prototype operational Transit navigation satellite. Scout X-3 from Point Arguello placed it in polar LEO; launch vibration damaged the memory and oscillator so it could not store navigation messages, but it was the first to achieve gravity-gradient stabilization.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:31.936Z","spacedevs_id":"80a53f1a-05a7-4ac0-bb2c-d9db81da6e23","net":"1963-06-16T01:49:52.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-022","gcat_id":"1963-022","payload_mass_kg":61,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-3","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":24,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":87,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4919,"rocket_id":1103,"date":"1963-06-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vostok 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vostok 6, the final crewed Vostok mission, carrying cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova—the first woman to fly in space. Vostok-K from Baikonur lofted her into LEO for nearly three days, flying jointly with Bykovsky on Vostok 5.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:32.298Z","spacedevs_id":"03b4616d-1e1c-4d0a-af7d-db5314fe9dc3","net":"1963-06-16T09:29:52.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-023","gcat_id":"1963-023","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-K.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":4725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4920,"rocket_id":1400,"date":"1963-06-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tiros 7","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"TIROS-7 (A-52 / Tiros-G), a NASA Television Infrared Observation Satellite weather spacecraft operated for ESSA. Thor Delta B from Cape Canaveral LC-17B placed it in near-polar LEO on 19 June 1963; it returned cloud-cover imagery for years.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:31.722Z","spacedevs_id":"4600d343-f02c-41d5-9a0c-8a7373479273","net":"1963-06-19T09:50:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-024","gcat_id":"1963-024","payload_mass_kg":137,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":370,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4921,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1963-06-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 22","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 0999 (KH-4 Corona mission 9056), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with the Hitchhiker 2 (P-11 4201) ELINT hitchhiker. Thrust-Augmented Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted the stack into LEO; light leaks damaged some of the Corona film.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:31.510Z","spacedevs_id":"4b37514b-d064-4085-a414-3d7875ef6048","net":"1963-06-27T00:37:26.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-025","gcat_id":"1963-025","payload_mass_kg":673,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D-KH-4.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4922,"rocket_id":1370,"date":"1963-06-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"GRS","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"GRS (CRL-1 / PL-19), a U.S. Air Force Cambridge Research Lab Geophysical Research Satellite measuring topside ionosphere composition, photoelectrons, and space radiation. Maiden flight of Scout X-4 from Wallops Island; the spacecraft power supply failed after 13 orbits.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:02:31.277Z","spacedevs_id":"96ee9af2-28b4-4c92-bb78-01ac38ffb029","net":"1963-06-28T21:19:22.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 3","pad_location":"Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-026","gcat_id":"1963-026","payload_mass_kg":66,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-4","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":103,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4923,"rocket_id":1416,"date":"1963-06-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"P-698BK Group 1-D 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"P-698BK Group 1-D 2 (OPS 1440 / mission 7154), a U.S. Air Force Heavy Ferret ELINT/SIGINT satellite mapping Soviet radars, with Plymouth Rock 2 (Aftrack 34) SIGINT aux payload. Thor-SLV2A Agena-B from Vandenberg lofted them on 29 June 1963; it set a 10-day Ferret operations record with ~140,000 intercepts.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:01:56.417Z","spacedevs_id":"8f4b6c7e-da62-426b-afdd-b57de3a62acc","net":"1963-06-29T22:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-027","gcat_id":"1963-027","payload_mass_kg":439,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-B-Ferret.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4924,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1963-07-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 1","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1467 (KH-7 1 / Gambit-1 Mission 4001), the first orbital KH-7 high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite (after a pre-launch Atlas collapse destroyed an earlier vehicle). Atlas LV-3A Agena-D from Point Arguello LC-2-3 lofted it on 12 July 1963 into sun-synchronous LEO for close-look imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:01:56.204Z","spacedevs_id":"2166b377-7042-4c3a-b6af-373059d47e0c","net":"1963-07-12T20:45:59.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-028","gcat_id":"1963-028","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4925,"rocket_id":1393,"date":"1963-07-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 23","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1266 (KH-4 23 / Corona 67, Mission 9057), a CIA/NRO Corona film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual Mural panoramic cameras for stereo imaging. Thor-DM21 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 19 July 1963 into polar LEO for broad-area search of Soviet targets.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:01:55.776Z","spacedevs_id":"17aa1b25-2d12-4894-897a-0d742cd7e387","net":"1963-07-19T00:00:10.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-029","gcat_id":"1963-029","payload_mass_kg":333,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Agena-D-KH-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4926,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1963-07-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Midas 9","orbit":"MEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"MIDAS 9 (Missile Defense Alarm System Series 3), a U.S. Air Force infrared early-warning satellite, with DASH 2 and TRS 9/10 secondaries. Atlas LV-3 Agena-B from Vandenberg lofted them on 19 July 1963 into ~3700 km polar MEO; one solar array failed to deploy, but the IR payload still detected U.S. and Soviet missiles over 96 orbits.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:01:55.987Z","spacedevs_id":"7c50a87c-ea82-434e-b1fc-3b19e8001441","net":"1963-07-19T03:51:18.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-030","gcat_id":"1963-030","payload_mass_kg":1582,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 99% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4927,"rocket_id":1400,"date":"1963-07-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Syncom 2","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Syncom 2, the first geosynchronous communications satellite (Hughes HS-301), placed over the Atlantic near 55°W in a 33°-inclined 24-hour orbit. Thor-Delta B from Cape Canaveral LC-17A lofted it on 26 July 1963; it demonstrated voice, teletype, and TV relay and began regular service on 16 August.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:01:55.453Z","spacedevs_id":"80d602cd-12c6-4921-bba8-73f329cdeaa8","net":"1963-07-26T14:33:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-031","gcat_id":"1963-031","payload_mass_kg":66,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":370,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4928,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1963-07-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-6 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1370 (KH-6 3 / Lanyard 3, Corona 68, Mission 8003), the only KH-6 high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance mission that returned imagery (poor quality). Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 31 July 1963; Lanyard was then cancelled for KH-7 Gambit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:01:55.226Z","spacedevs_id":"76a2695b-cbfd-445c-8a3d-14dd19b63aa2","net":"1963-07-31T00:00:26.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-032","gcat_id":"1963-032","payload_mass_kg":641,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D-LANYARD.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4929,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1963-08-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 19 (DS-P1 No.3), a Soviet radar-calibration satellite with a spherical mesh reflector for testing Dnestr (Hen House) space-surveillance and early-warning radars. 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Thor-DM21 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted them on 29 August 1963 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:01:54.374Z","spacedevs_id":"e15e5989-f61d-4923-8aa0-40f1bb2d0306","net":"1963-08-29T20:31:04.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-035","gcat_id":"1963-035","payload_mass_kg":271,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.2,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4933,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1963-09-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 2","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1947 (KH-7 2 / Gambit-1 Mission 4002), a U.S. Air Force/NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for close-look imaging of Soviet targets. 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Maiden and only Scout X-2B flight from Vandenberg LC-D on 27 September 1963 failed to reach orbit, the third Scout failure in five DSAP launches.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:01:53.706Z","spacedevs_id":"864eb227-1fea-4e11-aaae-82f7bb854641","net":"1963-09-27T11:17:49.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1963-F12","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-2B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-2B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":22,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":76,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4936,"rocket_id":1187,"date":"1963-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit 5BN-1","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit 5BN-1 with Transit 5E-1, a U.S. Navy nuclear-powered navigation satellite (SNAP-9A RTG) launched on a Thor Ablestar from Vandenberg; 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99% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-Vela.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4938,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1963-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 13","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 20 (Zenit-2 #13), a Soviet military film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on a Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 1/5 into LEO for short-duration optical imaging of ground targets.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:15.701Z","spacedevs_id":"ecded727-eb62-4fab-a0d0-e597a5c434c7","net":"1963-10-18T09:29:58.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-040","gcat_id":"1963-040","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4939,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1963-10-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-A1 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed DS-A1 technology satellite (would-be Kosmos) from Kapustin Yar on a Kosmos-2I 63S1; the Yuzhnoye DS-bus craft was built to test communications and navigation techniques plus radiation sensors but the launcher failed to reach orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:15.045Z","spacedevs_id":"017dc750-6734-43de-a3eb-9a32faaeaa43","net":"1963-10-24T04:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mayak-2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1963-F13","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4940,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1963-10-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 3","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-7 3 (Gambit-1 Mission 4003 / OPS 2196), an NRO high-resolution film-return reconnaissance satellite launched on an Atlas LV-3A Agena-D from Point Arguello into sun-synchronous LEO for close-look imaging of Soviet targets.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:14.829Z","spacedevs_id":"0434abc8-ff40-49a3-b0de-9590e0811ee2","net":"1963-10-25T18:59:27.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-041","gcat_id":"1963-041","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 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Maiden Delta C from Cape Canaveral LC-17B placed it in a highly elliptical Earth orbit on 27 November 1963.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:16.489Z","spacedevs_id":"0d1c4338-ba86-4e05-bc67-b3529d835fcf","net":"1963-11-27T02:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-046","gcat_id":"1963-046","payload_mass_kg":63,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta C","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.5,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":81,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4947,"rocket_id":1235,"date":"1963-11-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"AC-2 Instrumentation Ring","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Atlas-Centaur AC-2, the first successful flight of the Centaur liquid-hydrogen upper stage. Atlas LV-3C Centaur-B from Cape Canaveral LC-36A lofted the instrumented stage into a 474×1,586 km orbit on 27 November 1963, five days after President Kennedy's assassination.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:16.698Z","spacedevs_id":"f164d4ee-db80-4130-8bc4-fc522d11bdb1","net":"1963-11-27T19:03:23.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-047","gcat_id":"1963-047","payload_mass_kg":1200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":33,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4948,"rocket_id":1415,"date":"1963-11-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 25","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":2,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4 25 (Corona Mission 9061 / OPS 2260), a CIA film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with Long John 2 ELINT piggyback, launched on a Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg; the film capsule separated but stayed in orbit, so no imagery was recovered.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:12.996Z","spacedevs_id":"74b3a6a1-7a46-4b84-9d67-8203091ec537","net":"1963-11-27T21:15:40.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-048","gcat_id":"1963-048","payload_mass_kg":395,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.2,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4949,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1963-11-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed Zenit-2 No.14 photoreconnaissance mission for the Soviet military (no Kosmos number assigned). Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur failed on 28 November 1963 and did not place the satellite in orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:16.275Z","spacedevs_id":"41fc170a-f2e8-4bde-b8a3-5a3858224cfe","net":"1963-11-28T09:19:59.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1963-F15","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4950,"rocket_id":1187,"date":"1963-12-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-5BN 2","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit 5BN-2, the first fully operational U.S. Navy Transit navigation satellite (SNAP-9A nuclear-powered), with piggyback Transit 5E-3. Thor Ablestar from Vandenberg placed them in polar orbit on 5 December 1963; 5BN-2 served Navy surface and submarine units into late 1964.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:16.059Z","spacedevs_id":"95866133-2d53-4307-964b-bc94d45b6652","net":"1963-12-05T21:51:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-049","gcat_id":"1963-049","payload_mass_kg":127,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Ablestar-2.png","model":"Thor DM-21 Ablestar","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Ablestar.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":29,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4951,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1963-12-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Omega 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 23 (Omega #2), a Soviet technology demonstrator testing three-axis attitude control, solar panels, and thermal systems that fed the Meteor weather-satellite program. 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Atlas LV-3 Agena-D from Point Arguello lofted it into low Earth orbit on 18 December 1963; the film canister was recovered after about one day on orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:15.538Z","spacedevs_id":"abe6ddea-f970-4323-8400-8eb33f16cf5f","net":"1963-12-18T21:45:30.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-051","gcat_id":"1963-051","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4953,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1963-12-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 15","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 24, a Zenit-2 film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the Soviet military. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur lofted it into LEO on 19 December 1963; the capsule returned successfully after several days on orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:14.659Z","spacedevs_id":"119fe373-2027-45f9-b257-3406aa9c0a02","net":"1963-12-19T09:28:58.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-052","gcat_id":"1963-052","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4954,"rocket_id":1370,"date":"1963-12-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 19","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 19 (AD-A), a NASA 3.66 m inflatable Air Density balloon satellite for upper-atmosphere density measurements via orbital drag. Scout X-4 from Vandenberg LC-D placed it in LEO on 19 December 1963 while Explorer 9 was still active.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:14.859Z","spacedevs_id":"4187d467-ea7b-4db8-9a84-5d0123f5c2e7","net":"1963-12-19T18:49:25.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-053","gcat_id":"1963-053","payload_mass_kg":8,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-4","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":103,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4955,"rocket_id":1400,"date":"1963-12-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tiros 8","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"TIROS 8 (A-53), a NASA Television Infrared Observation Satellite weather spacecraft and the first to fly Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) for direct cloud-image readout. Thor Delta B from Cape Canaveral LC-17B placed it in near-polar LEO on 21 December 1963.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:14.266Z","spacedevs_id":"a715867d-a88f-4986-8019-8c61334a1728","net":"1963-12-21T09:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-054","gcat_id":"1963-054","payload_mass_kg":122,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":370,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4956,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1963-12-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4 26","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1388 (KH-4 Corona mission 9062), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with the Pundit 2 (P-11) hitchhiker. Thrust-Augmented Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it into LEO on 21 December 1963.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:14.463Z","spacedevs_id":"7bfdf2f7-619f-46cd-867d-e147e30670b0","net":"1963-12-21T21:45:42.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1963-055","gcat_id":"1963-055","payload_mass_kg":470,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 48% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D-KH-4.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4957,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-01-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Poppy 5A, 5B & 5C","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"NRO Program C Poppy 3 ELINT multipayload—Poppy 3A (Solrad 7A), 3B, 3C (GGSE 1), SECOR 1, and Hayloft (AFTRACK 37). Thrust-Augmented Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted the stack into LEO on 11 January 1964.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:14.069Z","spacedevs_id":"666c94ab-0e63-4004-bf4e-41795d38ea7a","net":"1964-01-11T20:07:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-001","gcat_id":"1964-001","payload_mass_kg":225,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D-POPPY.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4958,"rocket_id":1415,"date":"1964-01-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DSAP-1 F6 & F7","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3367A and 3367B (DSAP-1 F6 and F7 / P-35), a dual U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program weather pair. Thor SLV-2 Agena-D from Vandenberg placed both in sun-synchronous LEO on 19 January 1964.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:13.872Z","spacedevs_id":"894e6fb9-28ef-4cb2-9b73-d0d88c668496","net":"1964-01-19T10:59:54.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-002","gcat_id":"1964-002","payload_mass_kg":100,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D-DSAP.png","model":"Thor SLV-2 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.2,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4959,"rocket_id":1400,"date":"1964-01-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Relay 2","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Relay 2, NASA's second Relay active communications satellite, also carrying radiation-belt particle experiments. Thor Delta B from Cape Canaveral LC-17B placed it in a highly elliptical orbit on 21 January 1964; one transponder operated into 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:13.609Z","spacedevs_id":"a6489b52-40b8-49cb-8fdb-9fd7ca6ae2cd","net":"1964-01-21T21:14:59.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-003","gcat_id":"1964-003","payload_mass_kg":83,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":370,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4960,"rocket_id":1414,"date":"1964-01-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Echo 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Echo 2 (NASA A-12), a 41 m passive balloon communications satellite that reflected microwave signals between ground stations and supported geodesy experiments. Thor SLV-2 Agena-B from Vandenberg lofted it on 25 January 1964 into near-polar LEO; it decayed on 7 June 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:10.901Z","spacedevs_id":"f023ec2a-a408-44cc-9360-4f8744e06e99","net":"1964-01-25T13:59:04.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-004","gcat_id":"1964-004","payload_mass_kg":548,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.2,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4961,"rocket_id":1355,"date":"1964-01-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Saturn SA-5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Saturn I SA-5, the first Block II Saturn I flight and first orbital Saturn launch under Apollo. From Cape Kennedy LC-37B on 29 January 1964 it flew a live S-IV hydrogen upper stage with a Jupiter nosecone/ballast, placing about 17 tonnes into LEO—then the heaviest U.S. satellite.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:10.523Z","spacedevs_id":"be153fff-3f17-427d-812f-dae0ddf7c488","net":"1964-01-29T16:25:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 37B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-005","gcat_id":"1964-005","payload_mass_kg":8129,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat objects (attached payload)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Saturn I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-I-Block-II.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":55,"modelfamily":"Saturn","payloadleo":9100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4962,"rocket_id":1103,"date":"1964-01-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Elektron-1 & 2","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Elektron 1 and Elektron 2, dual Soviet magnetosphere/radiation-belt research satellites flown on one rocket—the first Soviet multi-satellite launch. Vostok-K (8K72K) from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted them on 30 January 1964 into complementary elliptical orbits to map the inner and outer Van Allen belts.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:09.938Z","spacedevs_id":"a10d0eb0-8c58-4a4d-836f-cd7a7aad2985","net":"1964-01-30T09:45:09.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-006","gcat_id":"1964-006","payload_mass_kg":810,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-K.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":4725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4963,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1964-01-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ranger 6","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ranger 6, a NASA/JPL Block III lunar impactor carrying six TV cameras for close-up Moon images. Atlas LV-3 Agena-B from Cape Canaveral LC-12 lofted it on 30 January 1964; it hit Mare Tranquillitatis on 2 February but a camera-power failure returned no images.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:10.158Z","spacedevs_id":"cf845b33-81b9-431e-a6d7-7012fc9ebdaa","net":"1964-01-30T15:49:09.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-007","gcat_id":"1964-007","payload_mass_kg":381,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-Ranger-Block-III.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4964,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-02-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Corona Mission 1004 (KH-4A 3 / Discoverer 72), a U.S. CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual J-1 panoramic cameras and two SRVs. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 15 February 1964 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:09.718Z","spacedevs_id":"a7989fa4-a942-46cc-b01d-cc0d7393286d","net":"1964-02-15T21:38:23.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-008","gcat_id":"1964-008","payload_mass_kg":598,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4965,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1964-02-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zond-1b","orbit":"Venus flyby","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Soviet 3MV-1A No.2 (Zond Venus test probe) intended as a Venus flyby/lander engineering flight. Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur LC-1 failed on 19 February 1964 when the third stage lost thrust; the spacecraft never reached Earth parking orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:09.491Z","spacedevs_id":"5e36e73b-5ea4-417f-adb0-2d70a1bf8559","net":"1964-02-19T05:47:40.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4966,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1964-02-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 5","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 2423 (KH-7 5 / Gambit-1 Mission 4005), a U.S. Air Force/NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Atlas LV-3A Agena-D from Point Arguello LC-2-3 lofted it on 25 February 1964 into polar LEO for close-look imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:09.275Z","spacedevs_id":"7baf6aa7-54db-4c52-8497-e626f73f8fba","net":"1964-02-25T18:59:47.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-009","gcat_id":"1964-009","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4967,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1964-02-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 25 (DS-P1 No.4), a Soviet prototype radar-target satellite for anti-ballistic-missile and space-surveillance radar tests under the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik program. Kosmos-2I (63S1) from Kapustin Yar Mayak-2 lofted it on 27 February 1964 into LEO; it decayed on 21 November 1964.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:08.931Z","spacedevs_id":"6dcae70a-b69b-42d8-83ba-65d08f8d448e","net":"1964-02-27T13:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mayak-2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-010","gcat_id":"1964-010","payload_mass_kg":240,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4968,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-02-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"P-698BK Group 1-A","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"P-698BK Group 1-A (Ferret 5), a U.S. Air Force Heavy Ferret ELINT/SIGINT satellite mapping Soviet radars, with Bird Dog 2 emitter-location aux payload. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted them on 28 February 1964 into near-circular LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:08.709Z","spacedevs_id":"1c4f3ff3-0c6e-4e70-ba2a-c7f51d80a9f8","net":"1964-02-28T03:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-011","gcat_id":"1964-011","payload_mass_kg":551,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D-Ferret-5.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4969,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1964-03-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 6","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3435 (KH-7 6 / Gambit-1 Mission 4006), a U.S. Air Force/NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Atlas LV-3A Agena-D from Point Arguello LC-2-3 lofted it on 11 March 1964 into polar LEO for close-look imaging of Soviet targets.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:08.498Z","spacedevs_id":"b03534f4-94db-49c6-a062-1397b7e7873c","net":"1964-03-11T20:14:24.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-012","gcat_id":"1964-012","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4970,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1964-03-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-MG 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 26 (DS-MG No.1), a Soviet scientific satellite measuring Earth’s magnetic field for the International Quiet Solar Year World Magnetic Survey. Kosmos-2I (63S1) from Kapustin Yar Mayak-2 lofted it on 18 March 1964 into LEO; it decayed on 28 September 1964.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:08.275Z","spacedevs_id":"a92689b5-f779-422f-ae46-74660be0072d","net":"1964-03-18T15:07:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mayak-2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-013","gcat_id":"1964-013","payload_mass_kg":285,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4971,"rocket_id":1400,"date":"1964-03-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Beacon Explorer A","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer S-66 (Beacon Explorer-A / BE-A), a NASA ionospheric research satellite with radio beacons and laser reflectors. Thor-Delta B from Cape Canaveral LC-17A failed on 19 March 1964 when the third stage malfunctioned; the vehicle fell into the South Atlantic and never reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:08.042Z","spacedevs_id":"bfb61041-61a8-4787-aace-a85b036f0ad9","net":"1964-03-19T11:13:41.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F02","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":370,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4972,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1964-03-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-5a","orbit":"LO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Soviet Ye-6 No.6 lunar soft-lander attempt (Luna 5a precursor) toward the Moon. Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur LC-1/5 failed on 21 March 1964 when the upper stage lost control about five minutes after liftoff; the vehicle was destroyed and the stages reentered.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T16:00:07.782Z","spacedevs_id":"9f35e05d-cc5a-4dd1-85d0-a21b41db8b0c","net":"1964-03-21T08:15:35.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-E6.png","model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4973,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-03-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4A Mission 1003 (Corona 77 / OPS 3467), an NRO dual-panoramic film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on a Thor SLV-2A Agena-D from Vandenberg; guidance failed and the vehicle did not reach orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:39.109Z","spacedevs_id":"2ed49e78-cc8b-48c7-bdee-6d90ee070284","net":"1964-03-24T22:22:48.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F04","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4974,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1964-03-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zond 1c","orbit":"Venus flyby","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 27 (Venera 3MV-1 No.3), a Soviet Venus impact/lander probe launched on a Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur; Blok L upper-stage control failed after parking-orbit insertion, stranding the probe in Earth orbit under a Kosmos cover name.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:38.666Z","spacedevs_id":"c28ee675-2e17-487f-87f1-3e56f2ea227e","net":"1964-03-27T03:24:42.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1964-014","gcat_id":"1964-014","payload_mass_kg":1090,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 45% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4975,"rocket_id":1367,"date":"1964-03-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ariel 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ariel 2 (UK-C / S-52), a British SERC/NASA radio-astronomy satellite and the first dedicated radio-astronomy satellite, launched on a Scout X-3 from Wallops Island to measure galactic radio emissions below ~10 MHz from LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:38.878Z","spacedevs_id":"7380febd-426d-47bc-b0ba-dfd03e188345","net":"1964-03-27T17:25:23.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 3","pad_location":"Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-015","gcat_id":"1964-015","payload_mass_kg":68,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-3","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":24,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":87,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4976,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1964-04-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zond 1","orbit":"Venus flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Zond 1 (3MV-1 No.4), a Soviet Venus flyby/lander probe launched on a Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur toward Venus; launch was successful, but cabin pressure leaks and electronics failures ended contact before the July 1964 flyby (~100,000 km).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:38.455Z","spacedevs_id":"2bad40e3-b214-467c-9bc4-26f03c209ae6","net":"1964-04-02T02:42:40.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-016","gcat_id":"1964-016","payload_mass_kg":1090,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 45% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4977,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1964-04-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 16","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 28 (Zenit-2 #16), a Soviet military film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on a Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 31/6 into LEO for short-duration optical imaging of ground targets.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:38.237Z","spacedevs_id":"3bcffa3c-5c61-40d4-af55-41d870bdd70c","net":"1964-04-04T09:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-017","gcat_id":"1964-017","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4978,"rocket_id":1098,"date":"1964-04-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Gemini I","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Gemini 1, NASA’s first uncrewed Gemini structural flight test and the maiden flight of the Titan II GLV from Cape Kennedy LC-19; the boilerplate capsule stayed attached to the second stage for three planned orbits and reentered after ~64 orbits.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:38.012Z","spacedevs_id":"728f62eb-7d51-4c30-b522-f583f33491fc","net":"1964-04-08T16:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 19","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-018","gcat_id":"1964-018","payload_mass_kg":2488,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-II-GLV.png","model":"Titan II GLV","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-II-GLV-Gemini-Crewed.png","provider_manufacturer":"Martin","height":33.2,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3850,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4979,"rocket_id":1379,"date":"1964-04-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Polyot-2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Polyot 2 (I1P), the second Soviet co-orbital ASAT interceptor propulsion and control test, launched on the final Polyot 11A59 from Baikonur; it raised perigee and changed inclination by ~1.9° but did not attempt an interception.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:37.753Z","spacedevs_id":"3dc22730-8bea-4731-a4bb-c9758488f728","net":"1964-04-12T09:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-019","gcat_id":"1964-019","payload_mass_kg":2250,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Sputnik 11A59","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Polyot.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30,"modelfamily":"Sputnik","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4980,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1964-04-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-5b","orbit":"LO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna E-6 No.5, a Soviet Ye-6 soft-landing lunar probe launched on a Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur; launch-vehicle control-system power loss caused premature engine shutdown at T+340 s, so the probe never left Earth trajectory.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:37.530Z","spacedevs_id":"79664d5f-03aa-4273-809b-92ba9e4a8b9c","net":"1964-04-20T08:08:28.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F05","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-E6.png","model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4981,"rocket_id":1187,"date":"1964-04-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-5BN 3","orbit":"PO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit 5BN-3 with Transit 5E-2, a U.S. Navy nuclear-powered navigation satellite (SNAP-9A RTG) launched on a Thor Ablestar from Vandenberg; 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Voskhod 11A57 from Baikonur lofted it into LEO on 18 May 1964; the capsule returned successfully after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:44.487Z","spacedevs_id":"5f3dd670-908c-457a-8ca8-e697bbaf5f5f","net":"1964-05-18T09:42:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-023","gcat_id":"1964-023","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4986,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1964-05-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 8","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3592 (KH-7 Gambit-1 mission 4008), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur lofted it into LEO on 10 June 1964; the capsule returned successfully after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:42.643Z","spacedevs_id":"cacb1e0b-d152-46ec-956a-22a957a56003","net":"1964-06-10T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-029","gcat_id":"1964-029","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4993,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-06-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-5 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3236 (KH-5 Argon mission 9065A), a U.S. NRO film-return cartographic mapping satellite carrying the Starflash 1A experiment. 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Thor SLV-2 Agena-D from Vandenberg placed both in sun-synchronous LEO on 18 June 1964.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:42.169Z","spacedevs_id":"eac35a64-6f93-4b7b-a4f1-6673ae3885c1","net":"1964-06-18T04:56:08.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-031","gcat_id":"1964-031","payload_mass_kg":100,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D-DSAP.png","model":"Thor SLV-2 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.2,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4995,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-06-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3754 (KH-4A Corona mission 1007), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual recovery vehicles. Thrust-Augmented Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg placed it in LEO on 19 June 1964; some film had out-of-focus areas but the mission otherwise succeeded.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:41.924Z","spacedevs_id":"eb297f4e-e5a5-4165-843b-5b46b417b2ff","net":"1964-06-19T23:18:07.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-032","gcat_id":"1964-032","payload_mass_kg":572,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4996,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1964-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 19","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 33, a Zenit-2 film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the Soviet military. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur lofted it into LEO on 23 June 1964; the capsule returned successfully after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:57:41.681Z","spacedevs_id":"8a502048-9edc-4db7-b234-4f7a32e662a8","net":"1964-06-23T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-033","gcat_id":"1964-033","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4997,"rocket_id":1370,"date":"1964-06-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ESRS","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ESRS (CRL-2 / ENSAT / AFCRL B), a U.S. Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories environmental research satellite. Scout X-4 from Point Arguello LC-D failed on 25 June 1964 when the second stage exploded, destroying the payload before orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:16.148Z","spacedevs_id":"70d3ee70-8924-4306-9cdb-032b05598ed8","net":"1964-06-25T01:40:24.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F08","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-4","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":103,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4998,"rocket_id":1235,"date":"1964-06-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"AC-3 Instrumentation Ring","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"AC-3, the third Atlas-Centaur development test and maiden Atlas LV-3C Centaur-C flight from Cape Canaveral LC-36A on 30 June 1964. After staging, a Centaur hydraulic gimbal actuator failed, the stage tumbled, engines shut down early, and the vehicle impacted the South Atlantic.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:15.938Z","spacedevs_id":"ad230004-ee4d-4b79-ae22-bcc1a805f5a9","net":"1964-06-30T14:04:22.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F09","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":33,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":4999,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1964-07-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 34 (Zenit-4 No.3), a Soviet higher-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 1 July 1964 into LEO; the return capsule was recovered after about eight days on 9 July.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:15.727Z","spacedevs_id":"37e22a98-6355-49bd-8f58-eb6e52ae9020","net":"1964-07-01T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-034","gcat_id":"1964-034","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5000,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-07-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"P-698BK Group 2-D 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3395 (P-698BK Group 2-D Mission 7155), a U.S. Air Force Heavy Ferret ELINT/SIGINT satellite mapping Soviet SAM and ABM radars, with Bird Dog 1 emitter-location aux payload. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 2 July 1964; it operated about 17 days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:15.512Z","spacedevs_id":"e90edf6e-95d8-4612-8626-71d0de7a04c2","net":"1964-07-02T23:59:56.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-035","gcat_id":"1964-035","payload_mass_kg":498,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D-Ferret-6.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5001,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1964-07-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 9","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3684 (KH-7 9 / Gambit-1 Mission 4009), a U.S. Air Force/NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with OPS 4923 (SSF-A 3) SIGINT subsatellite. Atlas LV-3A Agena-D from Point Arguello LC-2-3 lofted them on 6 July 1964; film recovered about two days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:15.310Z","spacedevs_id":"a418dca2-8d5b-4e66-a613-601eeb24fb6e","net":"1964-07-06T18:51:18.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-036","gcat_id":"1964-036","payload_mass_kg":2290,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 89% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5002,"rocket_id":1103,"date":"1964-07-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Elektron-3 &4","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Elektron 3 and Elektron 4, dual Soviet magnetosphere/radiation-belt research satellites flown on one rocket. Vostok-K (8K72K) from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted them on 10 July 1964 into complementary elliptical orbits to study the inner and outer Van Allen belts; final Vostok-K flight.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:14.879Z","spacedevs_id":"92797ec0-1ed3-4ab8-aecf-dc09a385ceb5","net":"1964-07-10T21:51:02.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-038","gcat_id":"1964-038","payload_mass_kg":794,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-K.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":4725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5003,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-07-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 8","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3491 (KH-4A 8 / Corona Mission 1008), a U.S. CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual J-1 panoramic cameras. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Point Arguello LC-1-1 lofted it on 10 July 1964 into polar LEO; both SRVs recovered.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:15.102Z","spacedevs_id":"42932db1-37cb-4e7d-b602-14209ba75e4d","net":"1964-07-10T23:14:04.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-037","gcat_id":"1964-037","payload_mass_kg":600,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 42% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5004,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1964-07-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 20","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 35 (Zenit-2 No.21), a Soviet low-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 15 July 1964 into LEO; the return capsule was recovered after about eight days on 23 July.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:14.661Z","spacedevs_id":"20196c77-4c5b-4e91-904b-dcc2eedf5bf7","net":"1964-07-15T11:27:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-039","gcat_id":"1964-039","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5005,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1964-07-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vela 2A & 2B","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Vela 2A and 2B (OPS 3662/3674) nuclear-test-detection satellites plus ERS-13 particle-research piggyback. Atlas LV-3A Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-13 lofted the trio on 17 July 1964 into high Earth orbits to monitor compliance with the 1963 Limited Test Ban Treaty.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:14.452Z","spacedevs_id":"3ae9b045-69a2-44fa-9219-e0e4bc0a17f5","net":"1964-07-17T08:22:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 13","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-040","gcat_id":"1964-040","payload_mass_kg":673,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 99% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-Vela.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5006,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1964-07-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ranger 7","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ranger 7, NASA/JPL’s first fully successful Ranger lunar impactor and the first probe to return close-up Moon images. Atlas LV-3 Agena-B from Cape Canaveral LC-12 lofted it on 28 July 1964; it returned 4,308 photos before impacting between Mare Nubium and Oceanus Procellarum on 31 July.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:14.227Z","spacedevs_id":"e95c82d8-eb4e-4e77-a2d6-ae4a61aa0fae","net":"1964-07-28T16:50:07.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-041","gcat_id":"1964-041","payload_mass_kg":365,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-Ranger-Block-III.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5007,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1964-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 36 (DS-P1-Yu No.1), the first Soviet Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik radar-calibration target for Dnestr space-surveillance and ABM radar tests. Kosmos-2I (63S1) from Kapustin Yar Mayak-2 lofted it on 30 July 1964 into LEO; it decayed on 28 February 1965.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:14.014Z","spacedevs_id":"79892f30-f6a4-4d83-894b-9fa79383bd1d","net":"1964-07-30T03:36:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mayak-2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-042","gcat_id":"1964-042","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5008,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-08-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 9","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3042 (KH-4A 9 / Corona Mission 1009), a U.S. CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual J-1 panoramic cameras. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 5 August 1964 into polar LEO; both film-return capsules were recovered.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:13.807Z","spacedevs_id":"c40d6ae2-010f-4248-b838-94285456d4d5","net":"1964-08-05T23:15:35.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-043","gcat_id":"1964-043","payload_mass_kg":641,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5009,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1964-08-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 21","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 37 (Zenit-2), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on a Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur for military optical imaging; film in the SA-10 camera broke, partially degrading the mission return.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:32.581Z","spacedevs_id":"1c999937-3e89-423c-a0f4-72ecc51b9c07","net":"1964-08-14T09:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-044","gcat_id":"1964-044","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5010,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1964-08-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 10","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3802 (KH-7 10 / Gambit-1 Mission 4010), a U.S. Air Force/NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with Hitchhiker 2 (P-11 4202) SIGINT subsatellite. Maiden Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D flight from Vandenberg PALC-2-4 on 14 August 1964; film recovered after about nine days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:58:13.568Z","spacedevs_id":"1756d213-f5b7-4010-882a-f39c1916599a","net":"1964-08-14T22:00:13.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-045","gcat_id":"1964-045","payload_mass_kg":2286,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 90% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5011,"rocket_id":1329,"date":"1964-08-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-1 1,2,3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 38, 39, and 40 (Strela-1 No.1–3), the first triple launch of Soviet military store-and-forward communications satellites on the maiden Kosmos-1 (65S3) from Baikonur Site 41/15 for LEO message-relay technology development.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:32.202Z","spacedevs_id":"952730fe-cf51-44bd-b6bb-9bd0453f8673","net":"1964-08-18T09:15:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/15","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-046","gcat_id":"1964-046","payload_mass_kg":150,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 65S3","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-65S3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":26,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5012,"rocket_id":1403,"date":"1964-08-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Syncom 3","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Syncom 3 (Syncom C), the first geostationary communications satellite, launched on the maiden Thor Delta D from Cape Canaveral LC-17A for NASA; 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Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg failed to reach orbit on 7 October 1964, destroying the payload.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:37.787Z","spacedevs_id":"2a8809bf-2ffd-42bb-84b1-99d6a12c80ff","net":"1964-10-07T19:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F11","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5031,"rocket_id":1370,"date":"1964-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Beacon Explorer B","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 22 (Beacon Explorer-B / BE-B), a NASA ionospheric and geodesy research satellite. Scout X-4 from Vandenberg placed it in near-polar LEO on 10 October 1964 with radio beacons and a laser reflector for ionospheric and ranging studies.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:37.563Z","spacedevs_id":"61b2c211-4b48-4eb6-8666-5ade72e20f36","net":"1964-10-10T03:01:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-064","gcat_id":"1964-064","payload_mass_kg":52,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-4","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":103,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5032,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1964-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Voskhod 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Voskhod 1, the first crewed spacecraft to carry more than one person, with cosmonauts Komarov, Feoktistov, and Yegorov. Launched from Baikonur on 12 October 1964 for a roughly 24-hour LEO flight flown without spacesuits due to the cramped three-person cabin.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:37.356Z","spacedevs_id":"d460ae41-883c-4b57-99b9-4a41e198ca6c","net":"1964-10-12T07:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-065","gcat_id":"1964-065","payload_mass_kg":5320,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod-1.png","model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5033,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1964-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 23","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 48, a Zenit-2 film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the Soviet military. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur lofted it into LEO on 14 October 1964; a thermal-control malfunction forced an early recovery after about six days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:37.113Z","spacedevs_id":"4dffdbb1-42ce-4985-bbe2-89c4d0a57543","net":"1964-10-14T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-066","gcat_id":"1964-066","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5034,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 12","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3559 (KH-4A Corona mission 1012 / Corona 87), a U.S. CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual J-1 panoramic cameras. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 17 October 1964; attitude became erratic on the second portion, forcing early recovery.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:46.417Z","spacedevs_id":"470d9414-fe99-4cd4-b90c-20e99e25ff97","net":"1964-10-17T22:02:23.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-067","gcat_id":"1964-067","payload_mass_kg":637,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5035,"rocket_id":1329,"date":"1964-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-1 6,7,8","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed triple launch of Strela-1 Nos.6–8, Soviet military store-dump communications satellites. Kosmos-1 (65S3) from Baikonur Site 41/15 failed to reach orbit on 23 October 1964 for unknown cause; no Kosmos catalog numbers were assigned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:45.932Z","spacedevs_id":"8c558ab7-94e9-4208-8274-0bb6f80423b8","net":"1964-10-23T07:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/15","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F12","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 65S3","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-65S3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":26,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5036,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1964-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 13","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 4384 (KH-7 Gambit-1 mission 4013), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, co-manifested with Step Thirteen / Plymouth Rock 3 (P-11 4302, OPS 5063). Atlas LV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted the stack on 23 October 1964 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:46.180Z","spacedevs_id":"a9f11f1c-c520-451e-857e-d31f5c13c8e7","net":"1964-10-23T18:27:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-068","gcat_id":"1964-068","payload_mass_kg":2290,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 89% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5037,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1964-10-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-MG 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 49 (DS-MG No.2), a Soviet Earth-science satellite measuring the geomagnetic field with absolute magnetometers. Kosmos-2I (63S1) from Kapustin Yar lofted it on 24 October 1964; it returned about 17,300 magnetic measurements over 11 days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:45.712Z","spacedevs_id":"feeb88a3-9ae4-45a5-b793-5b582ac7395f","net":"1964-10-24T05:17:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mayak-2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-069","gcat_id":"1964-069","payload_mass_kg":285,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5038,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1964-10-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 24","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 50 (Zenit-2 No.24), a Soviet low-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 28 October 1964; braking-engine failure forced self-destruction after about eight days instead of film recovery.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:45.485Z","spacedevs_id":"fbeb4014-60f8-4edb-b524-86b2a0ecbfd5","net":"1964-10-28T10:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-070","gcat_id":"1964-070","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5039,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-11-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 13","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 5434 (KH-4A Corona mission 1013 / Corona 88), a U.S. CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual J-1 panoramic cameras. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 2 November 1964 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:45.250Z","spacedevs_id":"f0f2aab6-170d-4caa-a517-a876cf9b9f4b","net":"1964-11-02T21:30:20.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-071","gcat_id":"1964-071","payload_mass_kg":648,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5040,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-11-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"P-698BK Group 3-D 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3062 (P-698BK Group 3-D 1 / Mission 7157), a U.S. Air Force Heavy Ferret ELINT/SIGINT satellite mapping Soviet SAM and ABM radars, with Bird Dog 3 emitter-location aux payload. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 4 November 1964; Bird Dog’s inflatable antenna collapsed in orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:45.017Z","spacedevs_id":"408c9326-2ead-4d23-8399-dccddc61aefc","net":"1964-11-04T02:12:11.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-072","gcat_id":"1964-072","payload_mass_kg":526,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D-Ferret-6.png","model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5041,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1964-11-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mariner 3","orbit":"Mars flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mariner 3 (Mariner-Mars 1964), NASA/JPL’s first Mars flyby attempt of the 1964 pair. Atlas LV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral lofted it on 5 November 1964, but the fiberglass payload fairing failed to separate, leaving the probe underpowered and the mission lost.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:44.765Z","spacedevs_id":"2843fd17-697e-41d7-bb36-fd780aaac942","net":"1964-11-05T19:22:05.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 13","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-073","gcat_id":"1964-073","payload_mass_kg":397,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5042,"rocket_id":1370,"date":"1964-11-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 23","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Materials Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 23 (S-55C), NASA’s third and final S-55 micrometeoroid detection satellite. Scout X-4 from Wallops lofted it on 6 November 1964 into LEO to measure meteoroid penetration rates for spacecraft design.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:44.490Z","spacedevs_id":"9f9883da-7bf4-4c63-9004-e9d8f6a691e3","net":"1964-11-06T12:02:01.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 3","pad_location":"Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-074","gcat_id":"1964-074","payload_mass_kg":96,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-4","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":103,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5043,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1964-11-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3360 (KH-4A Corona mission 1014 / Corona 89), a U.S. CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual J-1 panoramic cameras, co-manifested with the ORBIS payload. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 18 November 1964 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:44.214Z","spacedevs_id":"3ce5f46a-0fed-405f-a8cf-5b4fc9ece5c9","net":"1964-11-18T20:35:54.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-075","gcat_id":"1964-075","payload_mass_kg":675,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 49% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5044,"rocket_id":1370,"date":"1964-11-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 24 & 25","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 24 (AD-B air-density balloon) and Explorer 25 (IE-B / Injun 4 magnetospheric particle satellite). Scout X-4 from Vandenberg lofted the dual NASA payload on 21 November 1964 into high-inclination elliptical LEO for upper-atmosphere density and radiation studies.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:43.945Z","spacedevs_id":"fb048759-edaa-4bc1-ab7a-2043cf01e5b1","net":"1964-11-21T17:09:39.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-076","gcat_id":"1964-076","payload_mass_kg":49,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout X-4","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-X-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":103,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5045,"rocket_id":1232,"date":"1964-11-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mariner 4","orbit":"Mars flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mariner 4 (Mariner C-3), NASA/JPL’s Mars flyby probe that returned the first close-up images of another planet. Atlas LV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-12 lofted it on 28 November 1964; it flew past Mars on 15 July 1965 at about 9,846 km and returned 21 cratered-surface photos.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:43.722Z","spacedevs_id":"ef05abbb-8f3e-4431-a6e7-8cf252955037","net":"1964-11-28T14:22:01.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-077","gcat_id":"1964-077","payload_mass_kg":261,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5046,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1964-11-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zond-2","orbit":"Mars flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Zond 2 (3MV-4A), a Soviet Mars flyby probe that also flight-tested pulsed plasma thrusters for attitude control. Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 30 November 1964; one solar panel failed and communications were lost before the 6 August 1965 Mars flyby at about 1,500 km.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:55:43.106Z","spacedevs_id":"765a3543-7eba-467c-9d3d-0fdf95a2705f","net":"1964-11-30T13:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-078","gcat_id":"1964-078","payload_mass_kg":2390,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5047,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1964-12-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-2 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DS-2 No.2, a Soviet Yuzhnoye simplified Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik technology satellite that failed to orbit on a Kosmos-2I from Kapustin Yar LC-86/1 when the payload fairing did not separate.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:24.067Z","spacedevs_id":"eb4f9b48-b724-4a37-a27e-63a46ec6a796","net":"1964-12-01T08:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1964-F13","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5048,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1964-12-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 14","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 4439 (KH-7 14 / Gambit Mission 4014), an NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on an Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg for short-duration military optical imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:23.858Z","spacedevs_id":"5a697eaa-26df-440d-8250-42aa71e3473d","net":"1964-12-04T19:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1964-079","gcat_id":"1964-079","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 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Thor Delta C from Cape Canaveral LC-17B placed it in LEO on 3 February 1965 for continuous solar observations.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:41.504Z","spacedevs_id":"30e7aea9-b335-4977-8196-05f7e38ad99e","net":"1965-02-03T16:36:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-007","gcat_id":"1965-007","payload_mass_kg":236,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C-Wide-Fairing.png","model":"Thor Delta C","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.5,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":81,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5065,"rocket_id":1437,"date":"1965-02-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"LES 1","orbit":"MEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"LES-1 (Lincoln Experimental Satellite 1), an MIT Lincoln Laboratory military communications experiment with an X-band transponder. Titan IIIA from Cape Canaveral LC-20 lofted it on 11 February 1965, but a miswired kick motor left it stuck in a near-circular medium-Earth orbit instead of the planned elliptical path.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:41.291Z","spacedevs_id":"1006ac76-802b-4719-986f-6fb992e1aaa6","net":"1965-02-11T15:19:05.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 20","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-008","gcat_id":"1965-008","payload_mass_kg":494,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIA","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIA.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5066,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1965-02-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Unnumbered DS-P1-Yu (No.2) radar-calibration satellite intended to support Soviet space-surveillance and early-warning radars. Kosmos-2I from Kapustin Yar LC-86/1 failed on 12 February 1965 and never reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:41.078Z","spacedevs_id":"8d3959ea-40b2-4f39-8adc-d9b4c4fe9768","net":"1965-02-12T12:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1965-F02","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5067,"rocket_id":1355,"date":"1965-02-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pegasus 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pegasus 1 micrometeoroid detection satellite, launched with Apollo boilerplate BP-16 on Saturn I SA-9 from Cape Canaveral LC-37B on 16 February 1965. The large wing-like detector panels measured micrometeoroid flux in LEO to support Apollo spacecraft design.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:40.861Z","spacedevs_id":"01b2defe-33e0-40bd-9642-697cca21f069","net":"1965-02-16T14:37:03.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 37B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-009","gcat_id":"1965-009","payload_mass_kg":6473,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-I-Pegasus.png","model":"Saturn I","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-I-Block-II.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler","height":55,"modelfamily":"Saturn","payloadleo":9100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5068,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1965-02-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ranger 8","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ranger 8, a NASA lunar hard-impact imaging probe. Atlas LV-3 Agena-B from Cape Canaveral LC-12 launched it on 17 February 1965; it returned 7,137 photographs before impacting Mare Tranquillitatis on 20 February.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:40.576Z","spacedevs_id":"618fd7c9-a824-44fc-9198-a6b25106de71","net":"1965-02-17T17:05:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-010","gcat_id":"1965-010","payload_mass_kg":368,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-Ranger-Block-III.png","model":"Atlas LV-3 Agena B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Agena-B-MIDAS.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20.27,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1725,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5069,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1965-02-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-A1 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Unnumbered DS-A1 technology satellite intended to test communications and navigation techniques and measure radiation. Kosmos-2I from Kapustin Yar LC-86/1 failed on 20 February 1965 and never reached orbit, so no Kosmos designation was assigned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:40.351Z","spacedevs_id":"201fecb7-41d1-4c14-a6bc-5231f330028f","net":"1965-02-20T06:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1965-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5070,"rocket_id":1329,"date":"1965-02-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-1 9,10,11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 54, 55 and 56 (Strela-1 Nos. 9–11), a triple of Soviet tactical store-dump communications satellites. Kosmos-1 65S3 from Baikonur LC-41/15 placed the ~70 kg prototypes into elliptical LEO on 21 February 1965 for military store-and-forward links.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:40.109Z","spacedevs_id":"df15c14b-c268-46df-8061-e7eb2927f21e","net":"1965-02-21T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/15","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-011","gcat_id":"1965-011","payload_mass_kg":150,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 65S3","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-65S3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":26,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5071,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1965-02-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Voskhod-3KD 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 57 (Voskhod-3KD No.1), an uncrewed orbital test of the Voskhod EVA configuration with inflatable airlock for Voskhod 2. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 22 February 1965; after successful airlock inflation an errant ground command triggered premature retrofire and self-destruction.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:47.673Z","spacedevs_id":"bd550d99-4f74-45fd-871b-44e6b07f104d","net":"1965-02-22T07:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-012","gcat_id":"1965-012","payload_mass_kg":5685,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod-2.png","model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5072,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1965-02-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 4782 (KH-4A Corona mission 1017 / Corona 92), a U.S. CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with ~2.7 m-resolution J-1 panoramic cameras. Thor-SLV2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 25 February 1965 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:47.463Z","spacedevs_id":"1bab7c9f-c988-4320-8ab2-f4e9383de204","net":"1965-02-25T21:44:55.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-013","gcat_id":"1965-013","payload_mass_kg":585,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5073,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1965-02-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 58 (Meteor-1 No.2), the second Soviet experimental Meteor meteorological satellite for TV/IR cloud and radiation-budget imaging. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 26 February 1965 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:47.236Z","spacedevs_id":"dd634b33-a5a4-4fe0-811a-a1b61ef88f75","net":"1965-02-26T05:01:32.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-014","gcat_id":"1965-014","payload_mass_kg":1250,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5074,"rocket_id":1235,"date":"1965-03-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Surveyor-SD 1","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Surveyor-SD 1 (AC-5), a mass-simulator dummy Surveyor lunar lander for Atlas-Centaur development. Atlas-LV3C Centaur-C from Cape Canaveral LC-36A failed on 2 March 1965 and the payload was destroyed before reaching orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:47.023Z","spacedevs_id":"f7b11b4e-bfa5-4660-bfc6-4b61bdb6af37","net":"1965-03-02T13:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1965-F04","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Centaur-C.png","model":"Atlas LV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":33,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5075,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1965-03-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 59 (Zenit-4 No.5), a Soviet high-resolution film-return optical reconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 7 March 1965 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:46.808Z","spacedevs_id":"5661eed3-6718-4e11-bfc4-92d31293d01c","net":"1965-03-07T08:59:28.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-015","gcat_id":"1965-015","payload_mass_kg":5750,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5076,"rocket_id":1415,"date":"1965-03-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Poppy 6A,B,C,D","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Poppy 4A–4D (NRL/NRO Program C ELINT satellites, covering Solrad 7B and GGSE 2/3), plus SECOR 3, Surcal 4, Dodecapole 1, and OSCAR 3. Thor-DM21 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted the stack on 9 March 1965; Agena failed to reignite, leaving a short-lived elliptical orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:46.586Z","spacedevs_id":"53d35c5b-a19d-402d-a50d-84803b219964","net":"1965-03-09T18:29:47.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-016","gcat_id":"1965-016","payload_mass_kg":251,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D-NRL.png","model":"Thor SLV-2 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.2,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5077,"rocket_id":1187,"date":"1965-03-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-O 3","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit-O 3 (NNS 30030, OPS 7087), a U.S. Navy operational Transit navigation satellite, co-manifested with SECOR 2. Thor-DSV2A Able-Star from Vandenberg lofted the stack on 11 March 1965 into polar orbit (partial failure on the dual-payload flight).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:46.298Z","spacedevs_id":"0f8c0bf8-00e3-4419-a78d-d9d0727c2d97","net":"1965-03-11T13:39:59.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-017","gcat_id":"1965-017","payload_mass_kg":72,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 75% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Ablestar-2.png","model":"Thor DM-21 Ablestar","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Ablestar.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":29,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5078,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1965-03-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-5c","orbit":"LO","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 60 (Luna Ye-6 No.9), a Soviet soft-landing lunar probe that never left Earth orbit. Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 12 March 1965; a control-system power failure prevented Blok-L trans-lunar injection (cataloged as Kosmos 60).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:45.770Z","spacedevs_id":"717fc939-7045-4aea-9146-19d6df994e2c","net":"1965-03-12T09:25:31.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1965-018","gcat_id":"1965-018","payload_mass_kg":1888,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-E6.png","model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5079,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1965-03-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 16","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 4920 (KH-7 Gambit-1 mission 4016), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Atlas-SLV3 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 12 March 1965 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:46.000Z","spacedevs_id":"32708cee-e62c-4904-8f6d-57b5a859c759","net":"1965-03-12T19:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-019","gcat_id":"1965-019","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5080,"rocket_id":1329,"date":"1965-03-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-1 12,13,14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 61–63 (Strela-1 Nos.12–14), a three-satellite Soviet military store-dump communications constellation. Kosmos-1 (65S3) from Baikonur Site 41/15 lofted the cluster on 15 March 1965 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:45.537Z","spacedevs_id":"0d5c410c-8abf-405a-8ac8-1da391523c7c","net":"1965-03-15T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/15","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-020","gcat_id":"1965-020","payload_mass_kg":150,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 65S3","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-65S3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":26,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5081,"rocket_id":1413,"date":"1965-03-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DSAP-1 F11","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DSAP-1 F11 (P-35 11, OPS 7353 / DMSP Block 1), a U.S. Air Force/NRO military meteorological satellite for cloud-cover imaging. Thor-LV2D Burner-1 (Thor with MG-18 upper stage) from Vandenberg lofted it on 18 March 1965 into sun-synchronous LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:44.773Z","spacedevs_id":"40cb69e3-83d2-417e-8085-6e9526319760","net":"1965-03-18T04:43:46.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 10W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-021","gcat_id":"1965-021","payload_mass_kg":50,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor MG-18","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-MG-18.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5082,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1965-03-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Voskhod 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Voskhod 2 (Voskhod-3KD No.2), a two-cosmonaut Soviet flight with Pavel Belyayev and Alexei Leonov. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 18 March 1965; Leonov performed the first human spacewalk, then the capsule landed roughly 1,000 km off target in the Urals.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:53:45.281Z","spacedevs_id":"27a072a0-f73f-4e36-b5b7-1330c37d76b0","net":"1965-03-18T07:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-022","gcat_id":"1965-022","payload_mass_kg":5825,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod-2.png","model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5083,"rocket_id":1183,"date":"1965-03-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ranger 9","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ranger 9, NASA’s final Ranger Block 3 lunar hard-impact imaging probe. 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Voskhod 11A57 from Baikonur LC-31/6 lofted it into LEO on 25 May 1965 for optical imaging; cameras and film were recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:38.600Z","spacedevs_id":"1e6d7cd2-dd6f-41bb-ace9-95ea96dadd10","net":"1965-05-25T10:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-040","gcat_id":"1965-040","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5102,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1965-05-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 18","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 5236 (KH-7 Gambit-1 mission 4018), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg PALC-2-4 placed it in near-polar LEO on 27 May 1965 for close-look imaging; the recovery capsule returned after about five days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:38.171Z","spacedevs_id":"6c924ebf-9d27-4c23-9993-98d9f30ae551","net":"1965-05-27T20:48:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-041","gcat_id":"1965-041","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5103,"rocket_id":1237,"date":"1965-05-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OV1-3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OV1-3, a USAF Orbiting Vehicle 1 research satellite carrying radiation and tissue-equivalent dosimetry experiments. Atlas D OV1 from Vandenberg ABRES-B3 failed on 28 May 1965 when the booster exploded about two minutes after liftoff, destroying the payload.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:37.958Z","spacedevs_id":"dd9d41dc-675d-4dec-9f3a-1dcef46f45b4","net":"1965-05-28T02:54:56.000Z","pad_name":"576B3","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1965-F06","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-D-OV1-3-Reconstruction.png","model":"SM-65D Atlas","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-D-OV1-Double-Coffin.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":25.15,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5104,"rocket_id":1401,"date":"1965-05-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 28","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 28 (IMP-C / IMP-3), a NASA Interplanetary Monitoring Platform studying the solar wind, magnetosphere, and cosmic rays. Thor Delta C from Cape Canaveral LC-17B placed it in a highly elliptical Earth orbit on 29 May 1965.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:37.335Z","spacedevs_id":"d0a77912-bcaf-4aaa-af7c-4f8e0843bf52","net":"1965-05-29T12:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-042","gcat_id":"1965-042","payload_mass_kg":59,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta C","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.5,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":81,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5105,"rocket_id":1098,"date":"1965-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Gemini IV (Gemini 4)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Gemini 4, crewed by James McDivitt and Ed White. Titan II GLV from Cape Canaveral LC-19 launched on 3 June 1965 for a four-day LEO mission; White performed the first U.S. spacewalk, a roughly 20-minute EVA outside the spacecraft.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:36.629Z","spacedevs_id":"6202a9c0-c5be-4be3-bd55-bb924bf92b84","net":"1965-06-03T15:16:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 19","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-043","gcat_id":"1965-043","payload_mass_kg":3581,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan II GLV","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-II-GLV-Gemini-Crewed.png","provider_manufacturer":"Martin","height":33.2,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3850,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5106,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1965-06-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-6","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna 6 (Ye-6 No.7), a Soviet soft-landing lunar probe. Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur LC-1/5 sent it toward the Moon on 8 June 1965, but a mid-course engine failed to shut down and exhausted its propellant; the probe flew past the Moon by about 160,000 km on 11 June.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:36.429Z","spacedevs_id":"05a27de1-2b16-4fba-a9a2-d2870db4ee9a","net":"1965-06-08T07:40:23.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-044","gcat_id":"1965-044","payload_mass_kg":2042,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5107,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1965-06-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 21","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 8425 (KH-4A mission 1021 / Corona 96), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual recovery capsules. Thor SLV-2A Agena-D from Vandenberg pad 75-3-5 lofted it into LEO on 9 June 1965 for medium-resolution imaging of denied territory.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:36.203Z","spacedevs_id":"0cd8b0bb-20b5-4705-bf53-eda952238113","net":"1965-06-09T21:58:16.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-045","gcat_id":"1965-045","payload_mass_kg":615,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 41% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5108,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1965-06-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 28","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 68 (Zenit-2 No.28), a Soviet film-return optical reconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 15 June 1965 into LEO; the reentry capsule was recovered after about eight days on 23 June.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:49.788Z","spacedevs_id":"20c69a11-3650-4c83-8c51-cc6ae1e1f69e","net":"1965-06-15T09:43:02.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-046","gcat_id":"1965-046","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5109,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1965-06-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transtage 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Maiden flight of Titan IIIC (vehicle 3C-7) from Cape Canaveral LC-40 on 18 June 1965, carrying a Transtage with ballast mass to demonstrate the booster and upper stage. The vehicle reached LEO successfully; Transtage reentered about 21 June.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:49.554Z","spacedevs_id":"244d7ce9-3958-4d51-affc-292c21a44f5c","net":"1965-06-18T14:00:04.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 40","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-047","gcat_id":"1965-047","payload_mass_kg":8948,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5110,"rocket_id":1187,"date":"1965-06-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-O 4","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 8480 (Transit O-4 / NNS 30040), a U.S. Navy operational Transit navigation satellite. Thor DSV-2A Ablestar from Vandenberg lofted it on 24 June 1965 into polar LEO; the spacecraft later failed within about eleven months from manufacturing defects.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:49.195Z","spacedevs_id":"0cdee9db-74a4-480a-8161-3b65b03e676f","net":"1965-06-24T22:35:29.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-048","gcat_id":"1965-048","payload_mass_kg":54,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Ablestar-2.png","model":"Thor DM-21 Ablestar","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Ablestar.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":29,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5111,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1965-06-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 8","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 69 (Zenit-4 No.8), a Soviet high-resolution film-return optical reconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 25 June 1965 into LEO; the reentry capsule was recovered after about eight days on 3 July.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:48.731Z","spacedevs_id":"290630cd-c750-440d-bd78-a8c326a9009f","net":"1965-06-25T09:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-049","gcat_id":"1965-049","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5112,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1965-06-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 19","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 5501 (KH-7 Gambit-1 mission 4019), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with OPS 6749 Fanion/Tripos P-11 ELINT pickaback. Atlas-SLV3 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted the stack on 25 June 1965 into LEO; film recovered days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:48.960Z","spacedevs_id":"05587685-6e0a-4ec3-b27d-e05796fdd66e","net":"1965-06-25T19:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-050","gcat_id":"1965-050","payload_mass_kg":2295,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 89% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5113,"rocket_id":1401,"date":"1965-07-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tiros 10","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"TIROS-10 (A-55/OT-1), NASA/ESSA’s tenth Television Infrared Observation Satellite for meteorological cloud imaging. Thor Delta C from Cape Canaveral LC-17B lofted it on 2 July 1965 into sun-synchronous orbit; operations ended about 1 July 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:47.986Z","spacedevs_id":"9b37a57a-12c7-4c53-96e2-0288e63305d9","net":"1965-07-02T04:07:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-051","gcat_id":"1965-051","payload_mass_kg":129,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C-Wide-Fairing.png","model":"Thor Delta C","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.5,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":81,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5114,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1965-07-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-A1 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 70 (DS-A1 No.7), a Soviet Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik technology satellite for radiation measurements and equipment tests supporting communications/navigation systems. Kosmos-2I (63S1) from Kapustin Yar lofted it on 2 July 1965 into LEO; it reentered in December 1966.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:48.333Z","spacedevs_id":"c9b9d385-9e6f-41b4-8a39-6ba043395fce","net":"1965-07-02T06:29:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-052","gcat_id":"1965-052","payload_mass_kg":220,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5115,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1965-07-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 20","orbit":"SSO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 5810 (KH-7 Gambit-1 mission 4020), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Atlas-SLV3 Agena-D from Vandenberg failed on 12 July 1965 and the payload did not reach orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:47.515Z","spacedevs_id":"a5118c10-4100-4c21-8a96-1437db173096","net":"1965-07-12T19:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1965-F07","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5116,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1965-07-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 29","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed launch of a Zenit-2 (No.29) Soviet film-return optical reconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 31/6 on 13 July 1965 suffered a guidance failure during second-stage burn and did not reach orbit (no Kosmos number assigned).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:47.033Z","spacedevs_id":"aed15eb2-f0c1-4fd4-bfe4-159ad387b57b","net":"1965-07-13T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1965-F08","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5117,"rocket_id":1329,"date":"1965-07-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-1 15 to 19","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 71–75 (Strela-1 Nos.15–19), a five-satellite Soviet military store-dump communications constellation. Kosmos-1 (65S3) from Baikonur Site 41/15 lofted the cluster on 16 July 1965 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:46.583Z","spacedevs_id":"f9479987-465f-429f-9666-a8812b1233cd","net":"1965-07-16T03:31:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/15","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-053","gcat_id":"1965-053","payload_mass_kg":250,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 65S3","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-65S3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":26,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5118,"rocket_id":1446,"date":"1965-07-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Proton 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Proton 1 (N-4 No.1), a ~12,200 kg Soviet high-energy cosmic-ray physics observatory, on the maiden flight of the UR-500 (Proton) heavy-lift rocket. Launched from Baikonur Site 81/23 on 16 July 1965 into LEO; it reentered on 11 October 1965.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:51:46.809Z","spacedevs_id":"42dea019-7629-47b1-8e25-2652f291ba98","net":"1965-07-16T11:16:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-054","gcat_id":"1965-054","payload_mass_kg":8700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"UR-500","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/UR-500.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":46.28,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":8400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5119,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1965-07-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"P-770 Group 3-A 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 8411 (Samos-F3 / Ferret, P-770 Group 3-A), a U.S. Air Force/NRO ELINT SIGINT satellite. 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Voskhod 11A57 from Baikonur LC-31/6 lofted it into LEO on 23 September 1965 for optical imaging; the recoverable capsule returned on 1 October.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:49:09.201Z","spacedevs_id":"dd4cbac5-31f5-41d0-980c-b1144cfadbb6","net":"1965-09-23T09:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-075","gcat_id":"1965-075","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5142,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1965-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 22","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 7208 (KH-7 Gambit-1 mission 4022), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Molniya 8K78 from Baikonur lofted it on 14 October 1965; it operated until decay in March 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:49:00.261Z","spacedevs_id":"6ae4b96d-baf5-454f-ab8f-80ac79dce0f3","net":"1965-10-14T06:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-080","gcat_id":"1965-080","payload_mass_kg":2250,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5147,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1965-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OGO 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OGO-2 (POGO-1), NASA’s polar Orbiting Geophysical Observatory with 20 experiments on aurora, airglow, ionosphere, and magnetosphere. 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Transtage failed after reaching LEO (oxidizer leak/disintegration), leaving payloads attached and unable to complete their missions.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:49:00.045Z","spacedevs_id":"90ce11d2-8718-4ee8-99be-9c001c91d365","net":"1965-10-15T17:23:59.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 40","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-082","gcat_id":"1965-082","payload_mass_kg":574,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5149,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1965-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 13","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 92 (Zenit-4 No.13), a Soviet high-resolution film-return optical reconnaissance satellite. 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Launched from Kapustin Yar on 19 October 1965 into LEO; it reentered on 3 January 1966.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:48:59.603Z","spacedevs_id":"c850d029-1ea8-40a0-b685-cd1dde51bb7d","net":"1965-10-19T05:44:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-084","gcat_id":"1965-084","payload_mass_kg":240,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5151,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1965-10-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"GATV 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Gemini-Agena Target Vehicle GATV-5002, the intended docking target for crewed Gemini 6. 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Titan II GLV from Cape Canaveral LC-19 launched on 15 December 1965 for a one-day LEO flight that achieved the first rendezvous between two crewed spacecraft, station-keeping with Gemini 7.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:02.316Z","spacedevs_id":"9df982eb-ff21-4acc-92b7-665e8eec42f7","net":"1965-12-15T13:37:26.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 19","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-104","gcat_id":"1965-104","payload_mass_kg":3083,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan II GLV","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-II-GLV-Gemini-Crewed.png","provider_manufacturer":"Martin","height":33.2,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3850,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5172,"rocket_id":1404,"date":"1965-12-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pioneer 6","orbit":"Helio-N/A","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer 6 (Pioneer A), a NASA heliocentric solar-wind and interplanetary-space probe. Thor Delta E from Cape Canaveral LC-17A launched it on 16 December 1965 into solar orbit; it became one of the longest-lived spacecraft, still contactable decades later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:02.100Z","spacedevs_id":"76d52e5c-266c-4f58-8fe7-16e23f393624","net":"1965-12-16T07:31:21.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-105","gcat_id":"1965-105","payload_mass_kg":63,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta E","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-E.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":540,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5173,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1965-12-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 100 (Meteor No.3), a Soviet experimental weather satellite and the 100th spacecraft launched under the Kosmos designation. Vostok-2M 8A92M from Baikonur LC-31/6 placed it in LEO on 17 December 1965 for cloud-cover and meteorological observations.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:01.897Z","spacedevs_id":"b9aad98c-176a-4cc5-a3e7-9383113caaf6","net":"1965-12-17T02:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-106","gcat_id":"1965-106","payload_mass_kg":1250,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5174,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1965-12-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 101 (DS-P1-Yu No.4), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for air-defense and tracking systems. Kosmos-2I 63S1 from Kapustin Yar LC-86/1 lofted it into LEO on 21 December 1965; it remained in orbit until July 1966.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:00.772Z","spacedevs_id":"51ca1098-bd02-4fc2-b9d6-d156d4c748a8","net":"1965-12-21T06:14:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-107","gcat_id":"1965-107","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5175,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1965-12-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OV2-3","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Titan IIIC from Cape Canaveral LC-41 on 21 December 1965 carrying LES-3, LES-4, OV2-3, and OSCAR 4. 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Scout A from Vandenberg PALC-D launched it into polar LEO on 22 December 1965—the maiden flight of Scout A; the spacecraft later failed within about eleven months.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:00.133Z","spacedevs_id":"6bf43c61-6e83-4024-8aeb-af7c660d6392","net":"1965-12-22T04:33:04.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-109","gcat_id":"1965-109","payload_mass_kg":51,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":122,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5177,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1965-12-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 28","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 4639 (Corona KH-4A mission 1028), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual recovery capsules. Thor SLV-2A Agena-D from Vandenberg LC-75-3-4 launched it on 24 December 1965 into LEO for optical imaging; film was recovered before reentry in January 1966.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:46:59.573Z","spacedevs_id":"bdbb9c19-1d77-471a-87d0-6a5dbb9458ce","net":"1965-12-24T21:06:15.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-110","gcat_id":"1965-110","payload_mass_kg":615,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 40% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5178,"rocket_id":1373,"date":"1965-12-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-AO 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 102 (US-AO #1), a battery-powered prototype testing active-radar ocean-surveillance hardware that led to the nuclear-powered US-A RORSAT series. Soyuz/Vostok 11A510 from Baikonur LC-31/6 lofted it on 27 December 1965—the maiden flight of that hybrid launcher.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:46:58.967Z","spacedevs_id":"b2aeb484-c70d-4321-8284-67ae0dde7788","net":"1965-12-27T22:24:56.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-111","gcat_id":"1965-111","payload_mass_kg":3600,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A510","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2A.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":31,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":4500,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5179,"rocket_id":1190,"date":"1965-12-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-K-40 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DS-K-40 No.1, a Yuzhnoye experimental ELINT satellite testing Kust-40 SIGINT gear for the future Tselina-O program. Kosmos-2I 63S1 from Kapustin Yar LC-86/1 failed on 28 December 1965 when the first stage malfunctioned and the payload never reached orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:46:57.671Z","spacedevs_id":"e6ecf05c-fde5-433e-8031-e6b6446e7872","net":"1965-12-28T08:10:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1965-F12","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-2I","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-63S1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5180,"rocket_id":1329,"date":"1965-12-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-2 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 103 (Strela-2 #1), the first prototype of the Soviet military store-dump communications satellite series. Kosmos-1 65S3 from Baikonur LC-41/15 launched it into LEO on 28 December 1965; it was the final flight of the Kosmos-1 rocket.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:46:58.086Z","spacedevs_id":"2bb39543-ee55-4a35-8471-335c2c9c04dc","net":"1965-12-28T12:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/15","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1965-112","gcat_id":"1965-112","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 65S3","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-65S3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":26,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5181,"rocket_id":1394,"date":"1966-01-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DSAP-2 F2","orbit":"SSO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 2394 (DMSP Block 4A F5), a U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program weather satellite. Thor Burner 1 from Vandenberg failed on 7 January 1966 when the second stage did not ignite, destroying the spacecraft before orbital insertion.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:03.718Z","spacedevs_id":"f419160c-f4b7-456b-8b88-7df84ce1291f","net":"1966-01-07T04:48:23.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 10W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Burner 1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Burner-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5182,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1966-01-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 33","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 104 (Zenit-2), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 8A92 from Baikonur LC-31/6 launched it on 7 January 1966; upper-stage anomalies left it in an incorrect orbit and the survey program was only partially completed before recovery on 15 January.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:46:55.347Z","spacedevs_id":"fbb21955-69d3-41e4-92d7-d04a65aaf81a","net":"1966-01-07T08:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-001","gcat_id":"1966-001","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5183,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-01-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 24","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 7253 (KH-7 Gambit-1 mission 4024), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with OPS 3179 Agena pickaback technology payload. Atlas-SLV3 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted the stack on 19 January 1966 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:03.495Z","spacedevs_id":"8c69d941-0c5f-4491-814c-fa46d4f8c6e3","net":"1966-01-19T20:03:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-002","gcat_id":"1966-002","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5184,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1966-01-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 34","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 105 (Zenit-2 No.34), a Soviet low-resolution film-return optical reconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur lofted it on 22 January 1966 into LEO; after about eight days the reentry capsule was recovered on 30 January.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:03.022Z","spacedevs_id":"86f552fc-1606-4e44-9d4d-57ef5e4517df","net":"1966-01-22T08:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-003","gcat_id":"1966-003","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5185,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1966-01-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-I 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 106 (DS-P1-I No.1), the first Soviet DS-P1-I radar-calibration target for space-surveillance and early-warning radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar lofted it on 25 January 1966 into LEO as a dodecahedral radar-reflector satellite.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:02.745Z","spacedevs_id":"a648bee8-d2c3-4b72-90ef-c4689cb4e3be","net":"1966-01-25T12:28:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-004","gcat_id":"1966-004","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5186,"rocket_id":1356,"date":"1966-01-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-O 7","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1593 (Transit-O 7), an operational U.S. Navy Transit navigation satellite providing Doppler position fixes for ballistic-missile submarines and other users. Scout A from Vandenberg lofted it on 28 January 1966 into a polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:02.510Z","spacedevs_id":"e82e19ac-35f3-4af0-827c-137cffe11e9a","net":"1966-01-28T17:06:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-005","gcat_id":"1966-005","payload_mass_kg":50,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":122,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5187,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1966-01-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-9","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna 9 (Ye-6 No.13), a Soviet lunar soft-lander that became the first spacecraft to soft-land on the Moon and return surface imagery (Ocean of Storms, 3 February). Molniya-M from Baikonur lofted it on 31 January 1966 on a lunar-transfer trajectory.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:47:02.295Z","spacedevs_id":"4139e14f-f8ef-4d2d-b510-4474f74299d9","net":"1966-01-31T11:41:37.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-006","gcat_id":"1966-006","payload_mass_kg":2183,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5188,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1966-02-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 29","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 7291 (KH-4A Corona mission 1029), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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UR-500 (Proton) from Baikonur Site 81/23 failed on 24 March 1966 when the second stage failed about 122 seconds after liftoff, ending the physics mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:32.133Z","spacedevs_id":"98c8001e-0d3e-4590-b400-3b3ef1f58d8e","net":"1966-03-24T14:39:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"UR-500","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/UR-500.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":46.28,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":8400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5207,"rocket_id":1356,"date":"1966-03-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-O 8","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit-O 8 (OPS 1117), a U.S. Navy operational Transit/NNSS navigation satellite. Scout A from Vandenberg PALC-D launched it on 26 March 1966 into polar LEO to provide all-weather shipborne positioning for the fleet.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:31.918Z","spacedevs_id":"3c1027ec-0bce-4d61-9b69-9f2f931cb653","net":"1966-03-26T03:31:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-024","gcat_id":"1966-024","payload_mass_kg":51,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":122,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5208,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1966-03-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 3a","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 No.5, a Soviet highly elliptical-orbit communications satellite. Molniya 8K78M from Baikonur LC-31/6 failed on 27 March 1966 when the booster failed, destroying the vehicle before it could reach Molniya orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:31.708Z","spacedevs_id":"1ccf431a-f24f-408b-8fe0-334117d621ae","net":"1966-03-27T07:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F04","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5209,"rocket_id":1237,"date":"1966-03-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OV1-4 & 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Dual USAF Orbiting Vehicle 1 flight on SM-65D Atlas from Vandenberg ABRES-B-3 on 30 March 1966: OV1-4 and OV1-5 research satellites both reached LEO for reentry-vehicle and space-environment experiments.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:31.496Z","spacedevs_id":"f3dd4581-661c-40cd-aed6-63a4287abcee","net":"1966-03-30T09:20:12.000Z","pad_name":"576B3","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-025","gcat_id":"1966-025","payload_mass_kg":451,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-D-OV1-Double-Coffin-SPP.png","model":"SM-65D Atlas","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-D-OV1-Double-Coffin.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":25.15,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5210,"rocket_id":1394,"date":"1966-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DSAP-2 F3","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 0340 (DMSP Block 4A F6), a U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program weather satellite. Thor-Burner 1 from Vandenberg LC-75-2-6 launched it on 31 March 1966 into sun-synchronous LEO for military cloud-cover imagery.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:31.073Z","spacedevs_id":"56231798-e578-492d-9d9a-af5ac0637b00","net":"1966-03-31T05:41:04.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 10W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-026","gcat_id":"1966-026","payload_mass_kg":72,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Burner 1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Burner-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5211,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1966-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-10","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna 10, the first spacecraft to enter lunar orbit and a Soviet lunar science probe that discovered mass concentrations (mascons). Molniya-M from Baikonur LC-31/6 launched it on 31 March 1966; contact continued until 30 May.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:31.284Z","spacedevs_id":"06c96057-daba-4ee9-8c58-ac1cdb2165e7","net":"1966-03-31T10:46:59.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-027","gcat_id":"1966-027","payload_mass_kg":2182,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5212,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1966-04-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 114 (Zenit-4 #19L), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod 11A57 from Plesetsk LC-41/1 lofted it into LEO on 6 April 1966 for optical imaging for the military; the recoverable capsule returned on 14 April.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:30.797Z","spacedevs_id":"4835ccdd-9737-4de9-be8b-9ebc3865d468","net":"1966-04-06T11:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-028","gcat_id":"1966-028","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5213,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1966-04-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 31","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1612 (Corona KH-4 mission 1031), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual recovery capsules. Thor SLV-2A Agena-D from Vandenberg PALC-1-1 launched it on 7 April 1966 into LEO for optical imaging; film was recovered before reentry on 26 April.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:30.520Z","spacedevs_id":"afccbc43-e009-455c-8013-6fa2d8c0a767","net":"1966-04-07T22:02:55.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-029","gcat_id":"1966-029","payload_mass_kg":615,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 40% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5214,"rocket_id":1236,"date":"1966-04-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Surveyor M-2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Atlas-Centaur AC-8, a NASA Centaur development flight carrying a Surveyor mass model (SM-2). Atlas LV-3C Centaur-D from Cape Canaveral LC-36B launched on 8 April 1966; the Centaur second burn failed, so the highly elliptical test did not achieve full success.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:30.063Z","spacedevs_id":"89eb5a56-cacb-4735-ae60-59f70ccb945b","net":"1966-04-08T01:00:02.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-030","gcat_id":"1966-030","payload_mass_kg":785,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3C Centaur D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Centaur-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":33,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5215,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-04-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OAO 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Planetary Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OAO-1 (Orbiting Astronomical Observatory 1), NASA's first large UV/X-ray astronomy satellite. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-12 reached nearly circular LEO on 8 April 1966, but high-voltage arcing and battery failure ended the mission after ~20 orbits before science ops began.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:30.314Z","spacedevs_id":"d8c1ac26-f2c7-4ba2-89ec-0d949769adf3","net":"1966-04-08T19:35:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-031","gcat_id":"1966-031","payload_mass_kg":1769,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-OAO.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5216,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-04-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 27","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-7 27 (Gambit-1 SV 977, OPS 0910 film return), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg PALC-2-4 launched it on 19 April 1966 into near-polar LEO for detailed optical reconnaissance.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:29.839Z","spacedevs_id":"4007599e-59e0-4cfc-b07d-49c29f701ade","net":"1966-04-19T19:15:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-032","gcat_id":"1966-032","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5217,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1966-04-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 37","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 115 (Zenit-2 No.35L), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 8A92 from Baikonur LC-31 lofted it into LEO on 20 April 1966 for optical imaging; the recoverable capsule returned on 28 April.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:29.626Z","spacedevs_id":"22e0c3cb-e200-4bf9-ba0b-05caff4ed7a8","net":"1966-04-20T10:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-033","gcat_id":"1966-033","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5218,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1966-04-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OV3-1","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OV3-1, a USAF Office of Aerospace Research satellite for radiation-belt particle and fields experiments. Scout B from Vandenberg PALC-D launched it into polar LEO on 22 April 1966; the payload operated successfully in orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:29.382Z","spacedevs_id":"137758b0-d10e-4d39-a379-14ceaf0f337d","net":"1966-04-22T09:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-034","gcat_id":"1966-034","payload_mass_kg":69,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5219,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1966-04-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 3","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 (serial 6L / Molniya-1-3), a Soviet high-elliptical-orbit communications satellite for multi-channel TV, telephone, and telegraph links across the USSR. Molniya 8K78M from Baikonur Site 31 lofted it on 25 April 1966; third successful Molniya, also returned cloud-cover images.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:16.722Z","spacedevs_id":"6d222ee3-1451-44a1-865d-187a4157ba48","net":"1966-04-25T07:10:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-035","gcat_id":"1966-035","payload_mass_kg":2250,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5220,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1966-04-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 116 (DS-P1-Yu), a Soviet radar-calibration / ASAT-program target satellite for air-defense testing. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar LC-86/1 lofted it on 26 April 1966 into LEO as a radar-calibration target.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:16.520Z","spacedevs_id":"df43f582-c34c-4b52-9da7-1f1c5cdd1f4f","net":"1966-04-26T10:04:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-036","gcat_id":"1966-036","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5221,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1966-05-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 32","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1508 (KH-4A Corona mission 1032), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Thor SLV-2A Agena-D from Vandenberg on 3 May 1966 failed to achieve orbit, destroying the KH-4A payload and both film recovery capsules.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:16.087Z","spacedevs_id":"e081ac5f-2ecb-453f-b6d5-329b63aaf681","net":"1966-05-03T19:25:25.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F05","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5222,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1966-05-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 38","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 117 (Zenit-2), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the military. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 31 lofted it on 6 May 1966 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:15.764Z","spacedevs_id":"0a77a890-7cfc-4b15-93ab-3a3f91b920a2","net":"1966-05-06T10:58:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-037","gcat_id":"1966-037","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5223,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1966-05-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 118 (Meteor-1 #4), an early Soviet Meteor prototype weather satellite under the Kosmos cover name. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 11 May 1966 into LEO for meteorological imaging and sensing.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:15.546Z","spacedevs_id":"7c3f98d9-3fca-42bb-bfaa-d60134bf9823","net":"1966-05-11T14:10:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-038","gcat_id":"1966-038","payload_mass_kg":1250,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5224,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-05-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 28","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-7 28 (Gambit-1 mission 4028, OPS 1950), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with secondary P-11 ELINT payload OPS 6785 (Leige/Plicat). Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted the stack on 14 May 1966 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:15.300Z","spacedevs_id":"7bfa0670-2c02-49cf-94bb-baf5a71b4f1a","net":"1966-05-14T19:02:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-039","gcat_id":"1966-039","payload_mass_kg":2295,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 89% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5225,"rocket_id":1416,"date":"1966-05-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Nimbus 2","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Nimbus 2 (Nimbus-C), NASA’s second-generation polar meteorological R&D satellite with AVCS, APT, and IR radiometers for cloud and Earth radiation data. 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Voskhod 11A57 from Plesetsk LC-41/1 on 17 May 1966 did not reach orbit, so no Kosmos number was assigned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:14.552Z","spacedevs_id":"755498a3-909b-46e7-ae55-9ea303ab3f7b","net":"1966-05-17T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F06","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5227,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-05-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"GATV 9","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"GATV 5004 (Gemini-Agena Target Vehicle), the planned docking target for Gemini 9. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-14 failed on 17 May 1966 after a booster control malfunction before BECO sent the stack off course; Gemini 9 was delayed and later flew as Gemini 9A with an ATDA.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:14.850Z","spacedevs_id":"2eeecb38-f001-48c1-b112-40ed057f57ad","net":"1966-05-17T15:15:03.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 14","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F07","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GATV.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5228,"rocket_id":1356,"date":"1966-05-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-O 9","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit-O 9 (NNS 30090, OPS 0082), an operational U.S. Navy Transit navigation satellite providing all-weather position fixes for ballistic-missile submarines. Scout A from Vandenberg SLC-5 lofted it on 19 May 1966 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:14.348Z","spacedevs_id":"7e24d9c3-21e4-414f-b731-7464c32ecd1e","net":"1966-05-19T02:27:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-041","gcat_id":"1966-041","payload_mass_kg":51,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":122,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5229,"rocket_id":1417,"date":"1966-05-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 33","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1778 (KH-4A Corona mission 1033), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Thor SLV-2A Agena-D from Vandenberg lofted it on 24 May 1966 into LEO; dual recovery capsules returned imagery before decay on 9 June.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:13.922Z","spacedevs_id":"d46f52d0-c50e-4bdb-9b6b-75a676fb2f13","net":"1966-05-24T02:00:33.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-042","gcat_id":"1966-042","payload_mass_kg":615,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 40% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor SLV-2A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2A-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":31,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5230,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1966-05-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-I 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 119 (DS-U2-I No. 1), a Soviet ionospheric research satellite studying how radio waves pass through the ionosphere. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar LC-86/1 lofted it on 24 May 1966 into LEO; first of the DS-U2-I series.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:14.135Z","spacedevs_id":"5b99e94f-0d28-410d-93b7-c2c98a255b96","net":"1966-05-24T05:31:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-043","gcat_id":"1966-043","payload_mass_kg":286,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5231,"rocket_id":1402,"date":"1966-05-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 32","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 32 (Atmosphere Explorer-B / AE-B), a NASA upper-atmosphere science satellite measuring density, composition, temperature, and pressure. Thor Delta C1 from Cape Canaveral LC-17B lofted it on 25 May 1966 into a higher-than-planned LEO after second-stage overburn; returned data for about ten months.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:44:13.682Z","spacedevs_id":"85d2374d-cca2-4605-a96b-8674f90865e5","net":"1966-05-25T14:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-044","gcat_id":"1966-044","payload_mass_kg":224,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C1.png","model":"Thor Delta C1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C1-Wide-Fairing.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.5,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":81,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5232,"rocket_id":1236,"date":"1966-05-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Surveyor 1","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Surveyor 1, NASA’s first lunar soft lander, launched on an Atlas-Centaur from Cape Canaveral LC-36A and soft-landed on Oceanus Procellarum on 2 June 1966—the first U.S. soft landing on another body—returning over 11,000 surface images for Apollo site characterization.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:27.690Z","spacedevs_id":"ed6639ac-efc2-4772-9986-63865d1af940","net":"1966-05-30T14:41:01.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-045","gcat_id":"1966-045","payload_mass_kg":986,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas LV-3C Centaur D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-Centaur-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":33,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":null,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5233,"rocket_id":1256,"date":"1966-06-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ATDA","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Augmented Target Docking Adapter (ATDA / TDA 4), NASA’s backup Gemini rendezvous target launched alone on an Atlas SLV-3 from Cape Kennedy LC-14 after GATV-5004 failed; its nose shroud did not jettison, leaving the famous “angry alligator” docking port blocked for Gemini 9A.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:27.476Z","spacedevs_id":"c70f48d4-711b-4e0b-9bdd-b973427f36b4","net":"1966-06-01T15:00:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 14","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-046","gcat_id":"1966-046","payload_mass_kg":1050,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5234,"rocket_id":1098,"date":"1966-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Gemini IX-A (Gemini 9A)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Gemini 9A, NASA’s crewed Gemini flight with Thomas Stafford and Eugene Cernan on a Titan II GLV from Cape Kennedy LC-19; they rendezvoused thrice with the ATDA (shroud stuck open, blocking docking) and Cernan completed a difficult 2-hour EVA.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:27.056Z","spacedevs_id":"481a154b-2ae1-4af2-afce-2ba5bfe26dfe","net":"1966-06-03T13:39:33.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 19","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-047","gcat_id":"1966-047","payload_mass_kg":3921,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 97% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan II GLV","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-II-GLV-Gemini-Crewed.png","provider_manufacturer":"Martin","height":33.2,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3850,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5235,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 29","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-7 No.29 (Gambit Mission 4029 / OPS 1577), a U.S. high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on an Atlas-Agena D from Vandenberg with OPS 1856 piggyback for NRO close-look imaging of denied territory.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:27.268Z","spacedevs_id":"c8ad088d-44e0-4b0b-9e66-6571c40b54dc","net":"1966-06-03T19:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-048","gcat_id":"1966-048","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 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Voskhod 11A57 from Baikonur LC-31 lofted it into LEO on 28 July 1966 for optical imaging for the GRU; the recoverable capsule returned on 2 August.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:39.472Z","spacedevs_id":"cc7d91bb-e751-4e14-9550-8b6503ce49db","net":"1966-07-28T10:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-068","gcat_id":"1966-068","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5256,"rocket_id":1438,"date":"1966-07-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3014 (KH-8 Gambit-3 Mission 4301), the first KH-8 high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the NRO. Titan IIIB from Vandenberg SLC-4W lofted it on 29 July 1966 into LEO; film recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:38.610Z","spacedevs_id":"929b89ee-3f2c-4e14-9a4d-e84e851ac748","net":"1966-07-29T18:30:20.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-069","gcat_id":"1966-069","payload_mass_kg":2450,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIB.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5257,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1966-08-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OV3-3","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OV3-3, a USAF Orbiting Vehicle 3 research satellite for radiation-belt particle and fields experiments. Scout B from Vandenberg SLC-5 lofted it on 4 August 1966 into polar LEO; third flight of the OV3 series.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:38.310Z","spacedevs_id":"295bb5ce-51ec-490a-8bb1-d9cbb00c3972","net":"1966-08-04T10:45:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-070","gcat_id":"1966-070","payload_mass_kg":77,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5258,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1966-08-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 21","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 127 (Zenit-4), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the military. Voskhod 11A57 from Baikonur Site 31 lofted it on 8 August 1966 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:38.100Z","spacedevs_id":"ffa99915-6c1c-40d4-b514-ac3f6ef8464b","net":"1966-08-08T11:29:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-071","gcat_id":"1966-071","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5259,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1966-08-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 35","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1545 (CORONA KH-4A Mission 1036), an NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Thorad SLV-2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-1W lofted it on 9 August 1966 into LEO; dual film-return capsules recovered before decay on 11 September.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:37.892Z","spacedevs_id":"e2cf0f59-ab1f-445b-a34f-bead921eb8d5","net":"1966-08-09T20:46:03.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-072","gcat_id":"1966-072","payload_mass_kg":525,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 40% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5260,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-08-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Lunar Orbiter I","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Lunar Orbiter 1, NASA’s first U.S. spacecraft to orbit the Moon, mapping candidate Apollo landing sites. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-13 lofted it on 10 August 1966; returned 211 images, including the first photograph of Earth from lunar orbit, before intentional lunar impact on 29 October.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:37.661Z","spacedevs_id":"7cca0343-0985-467c-a145-658bfbbceb4d","net":"1966-08-10T19:26:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 13","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-073","gcat_id":"1966-073","payload_mass_kg":380,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5261,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-08-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 31","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1832 (KH-7 Gambit Mission 4031), an NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with secondary ELINT payloads SAMPAN 1 and SOUSEA 1. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4E lofted them on 16 August 1966; film recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:37.452Z","spacedevs_id":"bab000ca-d359-4845-9272-1f9a14593ae6","net":"1966-08-16T18:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-074","gcat_id":"1966-074","payload_mass_kg":2295,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 88% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5262,"rocket_id":1405,"date":"1966-08-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pioneer 7","orbit":"Helio-N/A","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer 7 (Pioneer B), a NASA heliocentric interplanetary probe studying the solar wind, cosmic rays, and interplanetary magnetic field. Thor Delta E1 from Cape Canaveral LC-17A lofted it on 17 August 1966 into solar orbit at about 1.1 AU mean distance.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:37.249Z","spacedevs_id":"a52cfb5f-8318-46b9-bbcc-138940d7ec5b","net":"1966-08-17T15:20:17.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-075","gcat_id":"1966-075","payload_mass_kg":63,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta E1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-E1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":540,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5263,"rocket_id":1356,"date":"1966-08-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-O 10","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit-O 10 (Oscar), an operational U.S. Navy Transit navigation satellite providing all-weather position fixes for ballistic-missile submarines. Scout A from Vandenberg SLC-5 lofted it on 18 August 1966 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:37.050Z","spacedevs_id":"cf7d561d-9bea-438b-b826-fb31917dbf6f","net":"1966-08-18T02:25:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-076","gcat_id":"1966-076","payload_mass_kg":49,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":122,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5264,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-08-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"RTS-1 2","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Midas 11 (Midas RTS-I F2), a USAF Missile Defense Alarm System early-warning satellite, with secondary payloads ERS 15 and SECOR 7. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3E lofted the stack on 19 August 1966 into polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:36.843Z","spacedevs_id":"63b84d1d-87ea-4da0-bdbb-84bb52219d3f","net":"1966-08-19T19:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-077","gcat_id":"1966-077","payload_mass_kg":1023,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 98% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-MIDAS-RTS.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5265,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1966-08-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-11","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna 11, a Soviet Ye-6LF lunar orbiter studying the Moon from selenocentric orbit. Molniya-M/Blok-L from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 24 August 1966; entered lunar orbit on 27 August, but its TV camera failed to return usable images before last contact on 1 October.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:36.626Z","spacedevs_id":"83521225-60b3-4176-8cbd-42ff5c4aa7dc","net":"1966-08-24T08:03:21.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-078","gcat_id":"1966-078","payload_mass_kg":2240,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5266,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1966-08-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"IDCSP 8 to 14","orbit":"GSO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Second IDCSP (Initial Defense Communications Satellite Program) cluster of military near-geosynchronous communications satellites for the U.S. Air Force. Titan IIIC from Cape Canaveral LC-41 failed on 26 August 1966 when the payload fairing broke up about 78 seconds after launch, destroying all eight satellites.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:36.419Z","spacedevs_id":"ffa5b63e-72b1-4a55-801e-084464db15b1","net":"1966-08-26T13:59:56.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 41","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F08","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC-IDCSP.png","model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5267,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1966-08-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 22","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 128 (Zenit-4), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the military. Voskhod 11A57 from Baikonur lofted it on 27 August 1966 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:42:36.201Z","spacedevs_id":"a8fb8215-c345-4758-8444-b36aca780014","net":"1966-08-27T09:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-079","gcat_id":"1966-079","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5268,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-09-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"GATV 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"GATV-5006, a Gemini-Agena Target Vehicle launched on an Atlas-Agena from Cape Canaveral as the docking target for Gemini XI; the crew achieved first-orbit rendezvous and docking and later used its engine for a record high-apogee climb.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:21.240Z","spacedevs_id":"af199848-42bc-4db8-8505-1f4315ddba16","net":"1966-09-12T13:05:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 14","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-080","gcat_id":"1966-080","payload_mass_kg":565,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GATV.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5269,"rocket_id":1098,"date":"1966-09-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Gemini XI (Gemini 11)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Gemini 11 (GT-11), crewed by Charles Conrad and Richard Gordon. 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R-36O (8K69) from Baikonur Site 162/36 launched it on 2 November 1966; it reached LEO but the unannounced mission was a partial failure and was not given a Kosmos designation.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:07.610Z","spacedevs_id":"7ec54e6a-8df8-468c-ad66-b990ab058502","net":"1966-11-02T00:45:03.000Z","pad_name":"162/36","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1966-101","gcat_id":"1966-101","payload_mass_kg":2450,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"R-36O 8K69","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/R-36O-8K69.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":32.6,"modelfamily":"R-36O","payloadleo":1700,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5289,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-11-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 34","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-7 34 (Gambit-1 mission 4034, OPS 2070), a U.S. Air Force high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with piggyback SGLS 2 (OPS 5424). Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4E lofted them on 2 November 1966 for detailed optical reconnaissance.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:07.821Z","spacedevs_id":"9e8edd0f-3363-464f-a189-61eb202de214","net":"1966-11-02T20:24:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-098","gcat_id":"1966-098","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5290,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1966-11-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Gemini B","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Only full-up Manned Orbiting Laboratory hardware flight: Titan IIIC from Cape Canaveral SLC-40 lofted a MOL mockup plus Gemini B (suborbital heat-shield test), OV4-1R/1T communications experiments, and OV1-6 on 3 November 1966. Gemini B recovered after reentry; the MOL mockup and OV payloads reached LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:07.277Z","spacedevs_id":"8117ac06-68de-4ec9-85fa-2dbfac1518bb","net":"1966-11-03T13:50:42.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 40","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-099","gcat_id":"1966-099","payload_mass_kg":11269,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 72% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC-MOL-Gemini-B.png","model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5291,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-11-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Lunar Orbiter 2","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Lunar Orbiter 2, NASA’s second lunar photography mission to map Apollo landing sites and survey the Moon’s surface. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-13 launched it on 6 November 1966 into lunar orbit, returning high-resolution imagery before lunar impact on 11 October 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:07.059Z","spacedevs_id":"e9db9d80-6ae5-49f1-bbb1-baf8d6f02604","net":"1966-11-06T23:21:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 13","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-100","gcat_id":"1966-100","payload_mass_kg":380,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5292,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1966-11-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 37","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4A 37 (Corona 113, Mission 1037, OPS 1866), a U.S. film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Thorad SLV-2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-1W placed it in LEO on 8 November 1966 for area optical imaging; two film-return capsules were recovered before reentry on 29 November.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:06.781Z","spacedevs_id":"be37dd64-9f79-4f20-b649-b20452246e11","net":"1966-11-08T19:53:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-102","gcat_id":"1966-102","payload_mass_kg":565,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 40% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5293,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"GATV 12","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"GATV-5001A, the Gemini Agena Target Vehicle for Gemini 12. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-14 lofted it on 11 November 1966 into LEO; Lovell and Aldrin docked with it later that day and later flew a tethered stationkeeping exercise.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:42.525Z","spacedevs_id":"febac5e8-8996-4ab5-940a-ba6b21d55546","net":"1966-11-11T19:07:59.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 14","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-103","gcat_id":"1966-103","payload_mass_kg":527,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GATV.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5294,"rocket_id":1098,"date":"1966-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Gemini XII (Gemini 12)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Gemini 12, the final crewed Gemini flight with James Lovell and Buzz Aldrin. Titan II GLV from Cape Canaveral LC-19 lofted them on 11 November 1966; docked with GATV-5001A and completed three EVAs, including the first fully successful umbilical spacewalk.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:42.734Z","spacedevs_id":"b8ce3fba-ccd7-4492-9f0b-0edd7685e880","net":"1966-11-11T20:46:33.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 19","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-104","gcat_id":"1966-104","payload_mass_kg":3261,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan II GLV","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-II-GLV-Gemini-Crewed.png","provider_manufacturer":"Martin","height":33.2,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3850,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5295,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1966-11-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 24","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 131 (Zenit-4 No.24), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 12 November 1966 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:42.328Z","spacedevs_id":"290ee4d9-4465-447e-8ac8-504d92961466","net":"1966-11-12T09:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-105","gcat_id":"1966-105","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5296,"rocket_id":1328,"date":"1966-11-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-2 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Strela-2 No.2, a Soviet military store-and-forward communications satellite prototype. Kosmos-3 from Baikonur Site 41/15 on 16 November 1966 failed to reach orbit; second Strela-2 flight, no Kosmos designation assigned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:42.126Z","spacedevs_id":"0064c2bc-627c-4029-8129-67e435c6072d","net":"1966-11-16T13:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/15","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F11","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K65","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K65.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":26,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5297,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1966-11-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 43","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 132 (Zenit-2 No.43), a Soviet low-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Vostok-2 from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 19 November 1966 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:41.913Z","spacedevs_id":"7f48ab22-25cd-4786-8f04-14aaa6de5d8c","net":"1966-11-19T08:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-106","gcat_id":"1966-106","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5298,"rocket_id":1096,"date":"1966-11-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Kosmos 133","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 133 (Soyuz 7K-OK No.2), the first uncrewed orbital test of the Soyuz spacecraft and maiden flight of the Soyuz 11A511. Launched from Baikonur Site 31/6 on 28 November 1966; attitude-control failure led to a self-destruct command on reentry 30 November to avoid a landing in China.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:41.701Z","spacedevs_id":"7cbc2ab5-e850-4579-a95b-b98932b10e5d","net":"1966-11-28T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-107","gcat_id":"1966-107","payload_mass_kg":6350,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5299,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1966-12-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 25","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 134 (Zenit-4 No.25), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 3 December 1966 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:41.489Z","spacedevs_id":"b54fd5be-6b35-4fe4-895a-fb2a2a8df1a6","net":"1966-12-03T08:15:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-108","gcat_id":"1966-108","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5300,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-12-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 35","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1890 (KH-7 Gambit Mission 4035), an NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4E lofted it on 5 December 1966 into LEO; film recovered after about nine days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:41.279Z","spacedevs_id":"84ec5a6f-8228-4ebe-877e-4fd20be5ecec","net":"1966-12-05T21:09:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-109","gcat_id":"1966-109","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5301,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1966-12-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ATS 1","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ATS-1 (Applications Technology Satellite 1), a NASA experimental geostationary satellite for communications and weather imaging with a spin-scan cloud camera. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-12 lofted it on 7 December 1966; returned the first full-disk Earth images from GEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:40.797Z","spacedevs_id":"0bc6f3ef-2408-40d8-9594-93ba42878bf8","net":"1966-12-07T02:12:01.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-110","gcat_id":"1966-110","payload_mass_kg":714,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-ATS.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5302,"rocket_id":1237,"date":"1966-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OV1-9 & 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OV1-9 (ERE exospheric radiation experiment) and OV1-10 (photometers, magnetometer, cosmic-ray instruments), dual USAF Orbiting Vehicle research satellites. Atlas D from Vandenberg ABRES-B-3 lofted both on 11 December 1966 into LEO via independent OV1 upper stages.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:40.592Z","spacedevs_id":"38ffba67-c228-4022-bd3f-ec2aa16ead50","net":"1966-12-11T21:09:57.000Z","pad_name":"576B3","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-111","gcat_id":"1966-111","payload_mass_kg":480,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"SM-65D Atlas","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-D-OV1-Double-Coffin.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":25.15,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5303,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1966-12-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-MP 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 135 (DS-U2-MP No.1), a Soviet scientific satellite studying micrometeoroids and cosmic dust. Kosmos-2 from Kapustin Yar Site 86/1 lofted it on 12 December 1966 into LEO; first of the DS-U2-MP series, decayed 12 April 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:40:40.330Z","spacedevs_id":"1148f6ac-3afb-464f-b867-beb88c004a4e","net":"1966-12-12T20:38:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1966-112","gcat_id":"1966-112","payload_mass_kg":280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5304,"rocket_id":1096,"date":"1966-12-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Soyuz 7K-OK No.1","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Soyuz 7K-OK No.1, an uncrewed Soyuz systems test on an 11A511 from Baikonur Site 31; a strap-on failed to ignite, then the launch escape system fired on the pad, igniting the vehicle, destroying the pad, and killing three ground personnel.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:38:14.847Z","spacedevs_id":"17fd69df-735e-4e65-8e98-c164583a0afb","net":"1966-12-14T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1966-F12","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5305,"rocket_id":1438,"date":"1966-12-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 8968 (KH-8 Gambit-3 Mission 4303), an NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Titan IIIB Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W placed it in LEO on 24 February 1967 for detailed optical reconnaissance.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:27.381Z","spacedevs_id":"69200cce-3e9e-462b-8ed3-5e5ca9af8cd9","net":"1967-02-24T19:59:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-016","gcat_id":"1967-016","payload_mass_kg":2450,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIB.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5330,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1967-02-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 46","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 143 (Zenit-2 No.46), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Vostok-2 (8A92) from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 27 February 1967; booster cut-off problems left a partial failure though the craft reached LEO for optical imaging for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:27.147Z","spacedevs_id":"86e832f7-f3f3-4aec-b48c-350a1454dd2c","net":"1967-02-27T08:45:01.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-017","gcat_id":"1967-017","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5331,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1967-02-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 144 (Meteor-1 No.6), a Soviet experimental weather satellite in the Meteor program. Vostok-2M from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 28 February 1967 into LEO; provided cloud-cover imagery until decay on 14 September 1982.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:22.044Z","spacedevs_id":"cc19ac2b-c444-4437-83d6-2b6841120f5f","net":"1967-02-28T14:34:59.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-018","gcat_id":"1967-018","payload_mass_kg":1250,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5332,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1967-03-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-M 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 145 (DS-U2-M No.2), a Soviet technology satellite testing quantum frequency standards (atomic clocks) in orbit. 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Delta C from Cape Canaveral LC-17 lofted it on 8 March 1967 into LEO; operated until late 1969, decayed 1982.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:21.614Z","spacedevs_id":"2c988160-e11f-432c-87cf-a669d7fc6711","net":"1967-03-08T16:12:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-020","gcat_id":"1967-020","payload_mass_kg":284,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C-Wide-Fairing.png","model":"Thor Delta C","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-C.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.5,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":81,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5334,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1967-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Kosmos 146","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 146 (7K-L1P No.2), an unmanned Soyuz circumlunar prototype systems test in high Earth orbit—no reentry heatshield. Proton-K/Blok D from Baikonur Site 81/23 on 10 March 1967; maiden flight of the Proton-K, mission successful.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:21.267Z","spacedevs_id":"6d2dd060-b9c0-4bc4-a5c2-23337a17044a","net":"1967-03-10T11:30:33.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-021","gcat_id":"1967-021","payload_mass_kg":5890,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5335,"rocket_id":1451,"date":"1967-03-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 47","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 147 (Zenit-2 No.47), a Soviet low-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Vostok-2 from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 13 March 1967 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:21.046Z","spacedevs_id":"6ef289c1-7748-4806-94d9-40b52b2efb02","net":"1967-03-13T12:10:23.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-022","gcat_id":"1967-022","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":4730,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5336,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1967-03-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-I 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 148 (DS-P1-I No.2), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for air-defense radar testing. Kosmos-2 from Plesetsk Site 133/1 lofted it on 16 March 1967 into LEO; second of the DS-P1-I series, decayed 7 May 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:20.828Z","spacedevs_id":"a85b6822-1ff3-43e1-8e52-c9ce8fb765f7","net":"1967-03-16T17:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-023","gcat_id":"1967-023","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5337,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1967-03-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-MO 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 149 (DS-MO No.1, Opticheski), the first Soviet satellite with aerodynamic skirt attitude control (\"Space Arrow\"), also carrying Earth-atmosphere sensors. Kosmos-2 from Kapustin Yar lofted it on 21 March 1967; decayed 7 April 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:20.609Z","spacedevs_id":"6c5810e4-7a2f-4eec-9c3d-c35df523071b","net":"1967-03-21T10:07:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-024","gcat_id":"1967-024","payload_mass_kg":321,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5338,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1967-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 27","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 150 (Zenit-4 No.27), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 22 March 1967 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:20.182Z","spacedevs_id":"e6f8f7c1-615a-489f-8cd5-937050408f84","net":"1967-03-22T12:44:59.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-025","gcat_id":"1967-025","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5339,"rocket_id":1351,"date":"1967-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OGCh 8","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OGCh No.8, an unnumbered Soviet Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) warhead test on an R-36-O from Baikonur Site 161/35 on 22 March 1967. Second-stage explosion at T+455 s destroyed the vehicle; no Kosmos designation assigned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:20.392Z","spacedevs_id":"9a68b171-1a96-4afc-b52c-85d328eaecde","net":"1967-03-22T14:05:02.000Z","pad_name":"161/35","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1967-F02","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"R-36O 8K69","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/R-36O-8K69.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":32.6,"modelfamily":"R-36O","payloadleo":1700,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5340,"rocket_id":1405,"date":"1967-03-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"INTELSAT II F-3","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat II F-3 (Canary Bird), a Hughes commercial GEO communications satellite for INTELSAT over the Atlantic. Delta E1 from Cape Canaveral LC-17B lofted it on 23 March 1967; also supported NASA Apollo communications.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:37:19.969Z","spacedevs_id":"0bf4b77d-1acd-4bcb-a77d-759f18e705ac","net":"1967-03-23T01:30:12.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-026","gcat_id":"1967-026","payload_mass_kg":163,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta E1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-E1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":540,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5341,"rocket_id":1328,"date":"1967-03-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-2 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 151 (Strela-2 No.3), a Soviet military store-and-forward communications satellite. 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The upgraded two-stage vehicle from Plesetsk Site 132/2 successfully placed it in LEO on 15 May 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:48.752Z","spacedevs_id":"0218a5f9-52fe-44b8-a54b-d5693fe59f0d","net":"1967-05-15T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-045","gcat_id":"1967-045","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5362,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1967-05-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ye-6LS 111","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 159 (Ye-6LS No.111), a Soviet lunar-program tracking and communications test based on the E-6 bus for the manned lunar effort. Molniya-M from Baikonur launched it on 16 May 1967, but Blok L shut down early and left it in a ~350×60,600 km Earth orbit instead of the planned high apogee.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:48.551Z","spacedevs_id":"19dd0d52-9925-49b8-841d-01ba81b3f0c0","net":"1967-05-16T21:43:57.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-046","gcat_id":"1967-046","payload_mass_kg":2212,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5363,"rocket_id":1351,"date":"1967-05-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OGCh 9","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 160 (OGCh No.9), a Soviet Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) test of an orbital warhead reentry vehicle. R-36O (8K69) from Baikonur lofted it on 17 May 1967; it reached orbital velocity and was deorbited after a fractional orbit toward the impact range.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:48.353Z","spacedevs_id":"ca10e345-2556-4fb6-ab3e-c45ea8dafc8f","net":"1967-05-17T16:05:02.000Z","pad_name":"161/35","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-047","gcat_id":"1967-047","payload_mass_kg":3450,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"R-36O 8K69","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/R-36O-8K69.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":32.6,"modelfamily":"R-36O","payloadleo":1700,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5364,"rocket_id":1356,"date":"1967-05-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Transit-O 13","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Transit-O 13 (NNS 30130, OPS 7218), an operational U.S. Navy Transit navigation satellite for all-weather ship positioning. Scout A from Vandenberg SLC-5 placed it in polar orbit on 18 May 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:48.104Z","spacedevs_id":"649743b3-1a9a-4226-82ee-ee1e911c4e10","net":"1967-05-18T09:05:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-048","gcat_id":"1967-048","payload_mass_kg":50,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":122,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5365,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1967-05-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 29","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 161 (Zenit-4 No.29), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed it in LEO for optical imaging for the GRU on 22 May 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:47.698Z","spacedevs_id":"2cc63ab8-a4c3-4d34-af58-09fb4e3fb3c9","net":"1967-05-22T14:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-049","gcat_id":"1967-049","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5366,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1967-05-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 37","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-7 37 (Gambit-1 mission 4037, OPS 4321), a U.S. Air Force high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with secondary LOGACS (OPS 5557) atmospheric-density experiment. Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4E lofted it on 22 May 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:47.904Z","spacedevs_id":"bc7f4aea-34be-4d20-8717-41acd67a6295","net":"1967-05-22T18:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-050","gcat_id":"1967-050","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5367,"rocket_id":1405,"date":"1967-05-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"IMP F","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 34 (IMP-F), NASA’s fifth Interplanetary Monitoring Platform, launched to study solar wind, cosmic rays, and magnetospheric plasma from a highly elliptical near-polar orbit. Thor Delta E1 from Vandenberg SLC-2E lofted it on 24 May 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:47.279Z","spacedevs_id":"af08066a-de7b-42d3-ba1c-9fba4f430695","net":"1967-05-24T14:05:54.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-051","gcat_id":"1967-051","payload_mass_kg":74,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta E1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-E1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":540,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5368,"rocket_id":1184,"date":"1967-05-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 5","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 5 (Molniya-1 8L), a Soviet military/civil communications satellite for telephone, telegraph, and TV relay via the Orbita ground network. Molniya (8K78) from Baikonur Site 1/5 placed it in a highly elliptical ~12-hour Molniya orbit on 24 May 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:47.501Z","spacedevs_id":"46540234-b886-4427-8f51-4df925254e54","net":"1967-05-24T22:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-052","gcat_id":"1967-052","payload_mass_kg":2250,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya 8K78","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-8K78-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":43.44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5369,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1967-05-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ESRO 2A","orbit":"PO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ESRO 2A (IRIS), a European Space Research Organisation satellite for X-ray astronomy and solar-particle measurements. Scout B from Vandenberg SLC-5 failed on 30 May 1967 when the third stage malfunctioned and no orbit was achieved.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:50.575Z","spacedevs_id":"643d52ab-9daf-48f5-bd26-67baf406eae3","net":"1967-05-30T02:06:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1967-F05","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5370,"rocket_id":1415,"date":"1967-05-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Poppy 7A,B,C,D","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"US Navy multi-payload stack: Poppy 5A–5D ELINT satellites, Timation 1 navigation tech demo, Calsphere 3/4 and NRL-PL 150B radar-calibration spheres, plus ORS 5712. Thor Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-2W lofted them on 31 May 1967 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:50.355Z","spacedevs_id":"11a88b3f-cb8c-4d5a-9df1-50f3b60a039b","net":"1967-05-31T09:30:48.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-053","gcat_id":"1967-053","payload_mass_kg":371,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D-NRL.png","model":"Thor SLV-2 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-SLV-2-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":27.2,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":150,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5371,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1967-06-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 30","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 162 (Zenit-4 No.30), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 1 June 1967 into LEO; capsule recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:50.146Z","spacedevs_id":"6edb2e8d-8d4b-463a-8ebc-2e345884972f","net":"1967-06-01T10:40:02.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-054","gcat_id":"1967-054","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5372,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1967-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-7 38","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 4360 (KH-7 Gambit-1 Mission 4038), a high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the US Air Force/NRO. Atlas-SLV3 Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4E lofted it on 4 June 1967 into LEO; recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:49.933Z","spacedevs_id":"816ea9c9-90b3-4142-8f59-71f8cb2b7027","net":"1967-06-04T18:07:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-055","gcat_id":"1967-055","payload_mass_kg":2190,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5373,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1967-06-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-MP 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 163 (DS-U2-MP No.2), a Soviet micrometeoroid research satellite in the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik scientific series. Kosmos-2 from Kapustin Yar lofted it on 5 June 1967 into LEO; decayed 11 October 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:49.729Z","spacedevs_id":"dcfa1e9e-85c2-47e8-ba6d-dd7822d5c696","net":"1967-06-05T05:03:00.000Z","pad_name":"86/1","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-056","gcat_id":"1967-056","payload_mass_kg":280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5374,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1967-06-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 50","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 164 (Zenit-2 No.50), a Soviet low-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 8 June 1967 into LEO; capsule recovered after about six days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:49.522Z","spacedevs_id":"f0060f39-aa36-4ba9-9655-340481b18af0","net":"1967-06-08T13:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-057","gcat_id":"1967-057","payload_mass_kg":4700,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5375,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1967-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Venera-4","orbit":"Venus","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Venera 4 (4V-1), a Soviet Venus atmospheric-entry probe—the first spacecraft to return in-situ data from another planet's atmosphere. Molniya-M/Blok VL from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 12 June 1967; entered Venus's atmosphere on 18 October 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:49.122Z","spacedevs_id":"a0eede3b-8122-4fc9-b215-e66989912b98","net":"1967-06-12T02:39:45.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-058","gcat_id":"1967-058","payload_mass_kg":1706,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-VL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5376,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1967-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 8","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 165 (DS-P1-Yu No.8), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for ABM radar testing. Kosmos-2 from Plesetsk Site 133/1 lofted it on 12 June 1967 into LEO; decayed 15 January 1968.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:49.317Z","spacedevs_id":"f4c63307-c513-4f0a-8c24-8d4e386a2b19","net":"1967-06-12T18:06:00.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-059","gcat_id":"1967-059","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5377,"rocket_id":1258,"date":"1967-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mariner 5","orbit":"Venus flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mariner 5, a NASA Venus flyby probe rebuilt from a Mariner 4 Mars spare. Atlas-SLV3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-12 lofted it on 14 June 1967; closest approach ~4,000 km on 19 October 1967 returned atmosphere and magnetic-field data.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:35:48.922Z","spacedevs_id":"9c853a07-e45e-446e-a945-a4fc5bc515a2","net":"1967-06-14T06:01:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 12","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-060","gcat_id":"1967-060","payload_mass_kg":245,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-Mariner-5.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3 Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3-Agena-D-GAMBIT.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5378,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1967-06-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U3-S 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 166 (DS-U3-S No.1), a Soviet solar-astronomy satellite measuring solar radiation across multiple spectral bands. 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Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D from Cape Canaveral LC-36B launched it on 8 September 1967 despite a helium pressurant leak that nearly aborted the landing.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:34:07.519Z","spacedevs_id":"d06aa62f-4f36-45f7-b7b8-77720fb8efc9","net":"1967-09-08T07:57:01.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1967-084","gcat_id":"1967-084","payload_mass_kg":1006,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5406,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1967-09-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 34","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 175 (Zenit-4 No.34), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 14 March 1968 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:12.620Z","spacedevs_id":"727b5fe5-434b-4d89-ad6e-17af6f7d6655","net":"1968-03-14T09:34:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-019","gcat_id":"1968-019","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5473,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1968-03-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 46","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 4849 (KH-4A Mission 1046 / Corona), a CIA CORONA film-return reconnaissance satellite, with secondary ELINT payload OPS 7076 (Lampan 1/Sampan 2). Thorad-SLV2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-1E on 14 March 1968; recovery imagery quality good for one capsule and fair for the other.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:12.835Z","spacedevs_id":"20779d32-3720-46c1-85a6-15784dd3e477","net":"1968-03-14T22:00:14.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-020","gcat_id":"1968-020","payload_mass_kg":720,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 58% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5474,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-03-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 39","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 207 (Zenit-4 No.39), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Voskhod from Baikonur Site 1/5 on 21 March 1968.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:12.188Z","spacedevs_id":"bcec6fec-bfb9-4b83-83e8-984d4974fa3e","net":"1968-03-21T09:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-022","gcat_id":"1968-022","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5476,"rocket_id":1444,"date":"1968-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-AO 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 209 (US-AO No.4), a battery-powered Soviet prototype testing non-reactor systems for the US-A (RORSAT) radar ocean-reconnaissance program. Tsiklon-2A from Baikonur Site 90/19 lofted it on 22 March 1968.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:11.974Z","spacedevs_id":"8709239d-8c13-414c-8b99-262d2fd2ad32","net":"1968-03-22T09:30:34.000Z","pad_name":"90/19","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-023","gcat_id":"1968-023","payload_mass_kg":3800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Tsiklon-2A","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2A-US-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5477,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-04-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 60","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 210 (Zenit-2 No.60), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed it in LEO for optical imaging for the GRU on 3 April 1968.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:11.762Z","spacedevs_id":"cb980aaf-e684-4ed3-ab55-996828a91bdf","net":"1968-04-03T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-024","gcat_id":"1968-024","payload_mass_kg":4750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5478,"rocket_id":1093,"date":"1968-04-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Apollo 6","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Apollo 6 (AS-502), the second and final uncrewed Saturn V/Apollo test before crewed flights, carrying CSM-020. Saturn V from Kennedy LC-39A on 4 April 1968 suffered severe pogo oscillation and an S-IVB restart failure, but still validated lunar-return reentry conditions (partial failure).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:11.532Z","spacedevs_id":"24756fd7-8ee6-431d-99f7-622d2b5683ce","net":"1968-04-04T12:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 39A","pad_location":"Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-025","gcat_id":"1968-025","payload_mass_kg":50372,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-V-Apollo-Test-Late.png","model":"Saturn V","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-V-Apollo.png","provider_manufacturer":"Boeing / North American / Douglas","height":110.6,"modelfamily":"Saturn","payloadleo":140000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5479,"rocket_id":1244,"date":"1968-04-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OV1-13 & 14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OV1-13 and OV1-14, U.S. Air Force radiation-belt research satellites measuring electrons and protons at high altitudes. Atlas F OV1 from Vandenberg LC-576A2 lofted the pair on 6 April 1968—the Atlas F's satellite-launch debut after ICBM retirement.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:11.322Z","spacedevs_id":"ee7973c5-3461-4a23-bed1-53128971d6ee","net":"1968-04-06T09:59:42.000Z","pad_name":"576A2","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-026","gcat_id":"1968-026","payload_mass_kg":458,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-F.png","model":"SM-65F Atlas","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-E.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5480,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1968-04-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-14","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna 14 (Ye-6LS), a Soviet lunar orbiter testing communications and tracking for the planned crewed lunar program. Molniya-M/Blok-L from Baikonur Site 1/5 launched it on 7 April 1968; it entered selenocentric orbit three days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:11.107Z","spacedevs_id":"ac5d690f-7e42-423b-9563-0ba29fddb39d","net":"1968-04-07T10:09:32.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-027","gcat_id":"1968-027","payload_mass_kg":2300,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5481,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1968-04-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 12","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 211 (DS-P1-Yu No.12), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for air-defense radar tracking practice. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed it in LEO on 9 April 1968.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:10.899Z","spacedevs_id":"3527b50b-2cb0-4c07-a07b-62abc7f4b305","net":"1968-04-09T11:26:25.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-028","gcat_id":"1968-028","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5482,"rocket_id":1096,"date":"1968-04-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Kosmos 212","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 212 (Soyuz 7K-OK Test #5 / vehicle No.8), an uncrewed Soyuz docking-system test that automatically rendezvoused and docked with Kosmos 213 the next day—the first fully successful automated Soyuz docking. 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Soyuz (11A511) from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 15 April 1968 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:05.323Z","spacedevs_id":"d6b921e1-a5a2-4330-b58c-c2e357adbeb0","net":"1968-04-15T09:34:18.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-030","gcat_id":"1968-030","payload_mass_kg":6560,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5484,"rocket_id":1438,"date":"1968-04-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 13","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 Gambit-3 (Mission 4313, OPS 5105), a U.S. high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the NRO/USAF. Titan IIIB Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W lofted it on 17 April 1968 into LEO for close-look optical imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:05.114Z","spacedevs_id":"6b6db309-f091-4cc6-8586-8349b41e8342","net":"1968-04-17T17:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-031","gcat_id":"1968-031","payload_mass_kg":2450,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIB.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5485,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-04-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 40","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 214 (Zenit-4 No.40), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 18 April 1968 into LEO for optical imaging for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:04.649Z","spacedevs_id":"e13c1c6c-3e85-4a0d-8202-0d50e5ad407c","net":"1968-04-18T10:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-032","gcat_id":"1968-032","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5486,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1968-04-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U1-A","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 215 (DS-U1-A No.1), a Soviet scientific satellite for aeronomy and upper-atmosphere studies. 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Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 20 April 1968 into LEO for optical imaging for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:04.366Z","spacedevs_id":"bcaa97f1-7e95-4b33-a971-e9fc7b77a62e","net":"1968-04-20T10:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-034","gcat_id":"1968-034","payload_mass_kg":4750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5488,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1968-04-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 8","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 No.8 (10L), a Soviet military/civilian communications satellite in a highly elliptical 12-hour Molniya orbit for high-latitude coverage. 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Proton-K/Blok D from Baikonur Site 81 failed about 260 seconds after liftoff on 22 April 1968 when the second stage shut down, destroying the spacecraft.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:03.702Z","spacedevs_id":"cf73062e-1c4d-457b-922b-bb90bbbbcf25","net":"1968-04-22T23:01:27.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1968-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5490,"rocket_id":1444,"date":"1968-04-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"I2M 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 217 (I2M No.1), the first Soviet Istrebitel Sputnikov ASAT program target satellite. Tsiklon-2A from Baikonur Site 90 lofted it on 24 April 1968, but the payload failed to separate from the upper stage and entered a lower-than-planned orbit, cancelling the planned interceptor launch.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:03.492Z","spacedevs_id":"68a05f47-f3cc-41bc-b25f-c249d2fc014a","net":"1968-04-24T16:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"90/20","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-036","gcat_id":"1968-036","payload_mass_kg":1400,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Tsiklon-2A","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2A-US-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5491,"rocket_id":1351,"date":"1968-04-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OGCh 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 218 (OGCh No.17), a Soviet Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) warhead-bus test for the Strategic Rocket Forces. R-36-O (8K69) from Baikonur Site 162/36 lofted it on 25 April 1968 into a short-lived LEO; it decayed the same day.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:03.277Z","spacedevs_id":"3b99ca57-adcd-417a-b9c7-88aa10aa4b38","net":"1968-04-25T00:45:10.000Z","pad_name":"162/36","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-037","gcat_id":"1968-037","payload_mass_kg":3950,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"R-36O 8K69","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/R-36O-8K69.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":32.6,"modelfamily":"R-36O","payloadleo":1700,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5492,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1968-04-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-D 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 219 (DS-U2-D No.2), a Soviet scientific satellite for magnetospheric and radiation-belt research. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar Site 86 lofted it on 26 April 1968 into LEO; it reentered on 2 March 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:03.030Z","spacedevs_id":"b88510fe-9d5a-4dbd-b30b-fcd1d96295a6","net":"1968-04-26T04:42:56.000Z","pad_name":"86/4","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-038","gcat_id":"1968-038","payload_mass_kg":237,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5493,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1968-05-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4B 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4B Corona (Mission 1103, OPS 1419 / Corona 125), a CIA/NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual J-3 panoramic cameras. Thorad-SLV2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W lofted it on 1 May 1968; both camera records had some out-of-focus imagery.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:02.814Z","spacedevs_id":"26fc1d9b-2d7c-432f-b1f2-6eca7570250a","net":"1968-05-01T21:31:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-039","gcat_id":"1968-039","payload_mass_kg":775,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 76% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5494,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1968-05-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zaliv 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 220 (Zaliv No.2), an early Soviet military navigation satellite in the Tsiklon/Zaliv series for naval positioning. Kosmos-3M (11K65M) from Plesetsk Site 132/2 lofted it on 7 May 1968 into LEO for the Ministry of Defense.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:02.560Z","spacedevs_id":"4f5bb597-656b-4011-99c6-7490c85fa912","net":"1968-05-07T13:58:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-040","gcat_id":"1968-040","payload_mass_kg":775,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5495,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1968-05-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ESRO 2B","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ESRO 2B (Iris 2), the first European Space Research Organisation satellite to reach orbit, studying solar X-rays and cosmic rays. Scout B from Vandenberg SLC-5 lofted it on 17 May 1968 into a highly elliptical near-polar orbit after the failed ESRO-2A attempt in 1967.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:30:02.298Z","spacedevs_id":"79809b7b-558a-47d3-bca1-5c0445278876","net":"1968-05-17T02:06:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-041","gcat_id":"1968-041","payload_mass_kg":74,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5496,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1968-05-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Nimbus B","orbit":"SSO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Nimbus B, a NASA/NOAA experimental 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Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-13 lofted it on 6 August 1968; it was lost soon after reaching station after erroneous ground commands.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:28:23.494Z","spacedevs_id":"ededcfa7-40cb-4cd9-b3a9-c807ed186805","net":"1968-08-06T11:08:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 13","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-063","gcat_id":"1968-063","payload_mass_kg":240,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3A-Agena-D-CANYON.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5524,"rocket_id":1438,"date":"1968-08-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 15","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 Gambit-3 (Mission 4315, OPS 5187), a U.S. high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the NRO/USAF. 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Thorad-SLV2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W lofted it on 7 August 1968.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:28:23.243Z","spacedevs_id":"5772195d-5a0f-4409-9db5-b813583fde9d","net":"1968-08-07T21:36:55.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-065","gcat_id":"1968-065","payload_mass_kg":750,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 76% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D-Q.png","model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5526,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1968-08-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Explorer 39","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 39 (AD-C), a 3.6 m inflatable air-density balloon, dual-launched with Explorer 40 (Injun 5) magnetospheric research satellite. Scout B from Vandenberg SLC-5 lofted them on 8 August 1968 into a highly elliptical near-polar orbit for upper-atmosphere density and radiation studies.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:28:22.911Z","spacedevs_id":"cf451187-e695-4f41-af77-359fbae444ec","net":"1968-08-08T20:12:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-066","gcat_id":"1968-066","payload_mass_kg":86,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5527,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-08-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 64","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 235 (Zenit-2 No.64), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 9 August 1968 into LEO for optical imaging for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:28:22.592Z","spacedevs_id":"e20d1ba5-0ba7-48d0-8948-36e28fa4fbda","net":"1968-08-09T07:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-067","gcat_id":"1968-067","payload_mass_kg":4750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5528,"rocket_id":1260,"date":"1968-08-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ATS 4","orbit":"GSO","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ATS-4 (ATS-D), a NASA Applications Technology Satellite for gravity-gradient stabilization, communications, imaging, and ion-thruster tests. Atlas SLV-3 Centaur-D (AC-17) from Cape Canaveral SLC-36A on 10 August 1968; Centaur failed to restart after parking-orbit coast and the craft decayed from low LEO on 17 October.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:28:22.223Z","spacedevs_id":"bf167e24-0904-4c91-b959-5fd10d0db4a9","net":"1968-08-10T22:33:02.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1968-068","gcat_id":"1968-068","payload_mass_kg":2548,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5529,"rocket_id":1411,"date":"1968-08-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ESSA 7","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ESSA-7 (TOS-E), a U.S. operational weather satellite for the Environmental Science Services Administration providing global cloud-cover photography. Thor-Delta N (D-58), the type's maiden flight, from Vandenberg SLC-2E lofted it on 16 August 1968 into SSO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:28:21.432Z","spacedevs_id":"dd2140d8-6958-4967-8a48-60fce0fcc383","net":"1968-08-16T11:24:33.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-069","gcat_id":"1968-069","payload_mass_kg":154,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta N","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-N.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":33,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5530,"rocket_id":1234,"date":"1968-08-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"UVR","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":1,"payload1":"Dedicated Rideshare","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Maiden Atlas SLV-3 Burner-2 flight (P68-1) from Vandenberg SLC-3E on 16 August 1968, carrying Orbiscal 1, OV5-8 (ERS 19), Gridsphere, SECOR, and other USAF technology payloads. 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Kosmos-3 (11K65) from Baikonur Site 41/15 lofted it on 27 August 1968 into LEO for the Ministry of Defense.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:28:20.741Z","spacedevs_id":"ffe1ba5c-ef04-4cc3-8746-f9abd7da2211","net":"1968-08-27T11:29:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/15","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-070","gcat_id":"1968-070","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K65","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K65.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":26,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5532,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-08-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 46","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 237 (Zenit-4 No.46), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Soyuz (11A511) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 28 August 1968 for a four-day LEO checkout; landed 1 September.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:28:20.004Z","spacedevs_id":"8f266892-e0ad-4ed8-806b-c18a856d6609","net":"1968-08-28T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-072","gcat_id":"1968-072","payload_mass_kg":6560,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5534,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-09-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 47","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 239 (Zenit-4 No.47), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on a Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 for military optical imaging from low Earth orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:08.513Z","spacedevs_id":"09c9d43b-68c2-4bb5-9141-7127421dd50c","net":"1968-09-05T07:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-073","gcat_id":"1968-073","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 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Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed it in LEO on 30 October 1968 as the third Tselina-O unit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:15.063Z","spacedevs_id":"4dd34bb7-287e-4133-9111-948c818c3266","net":"1968-10-30T22:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-095","gcat_id":"1968-095","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5558,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-10-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 251 (Zenit-4M No.1 / Rotor), the maiden flight of the improved high-resolution Soviet film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 1/5 placed it in LEO on 31 October 1968; recovered about 18 days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:14.833Z","spacedevs_id":"407208ac-7873-4f77-bca4-078cd300d6ff","net":"1968-10-31T09:14:55.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-096","gcat_id":"1968-096","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5559,"rocket_id":1444,"date":"1968-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"I2P 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 252 (I2P/IS-A No.2), a Soviet co-orbital anti-satellite interceptor. Tsyklon-2A from Baikonur Site 90/20 lofted it on 1 November 1968; within a day it intercepted and destroyed the Kosmos 248 target, leaving a large debris field.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:07.406Z","spacedevs_id":"e24a2dce-7c0e-450b-a2ca-3c9c4520a9ae","net":"1968-11-01T00:27:15.000Z","pad_name":"90/20","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-097","gcat_id":"1968-097","payload_mass_kg":1400,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2A-I2P.png","model":"Tsiklon-2A","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2A-US-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5560,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1968-11-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4B 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4B Corona (Mission 1105, OPS 1315), the first KH-4B film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual J-3 panoramic cameras for the CIA/NRO. Thorad-SLV2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W lofted it on 3 November 1968 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:07.185Z","spacedevs_id":"a061aa50-e943-4676-aff2-54d565157dc0","net":"1968-11-03T21:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-098","gcat_id":"1968-098","payload_mass_kg":750,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 76% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D-Q.png","model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5561,"rocket_id":1438,"date":"1968-11-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 Gambit-3 (Mission 4317, OPS 5296), a U.S. high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the NRO/USAF. 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Thor-Delta E1 (D-60) from Cape Canaveral SLC-17B lofted them on 8 November 1968; Pioneer 9 operated into the 1980s.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:06.770Z","spacedevs_id":"d1d8d518-bf99-4e64-833d-701777b176d2","net":"1968-11-08T09:46:29.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-100","gcat_id":"1968-100","payload_mass_kg":85,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta E1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-E1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":540,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5563,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1968-11-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zond 6","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Zond 6 (7K-L1 No.12), an uncrewed Soviet circumlunar free-return test of the L1/Zond spacecraft with turtles, flies, and bacteria plus cameras. Proton-K/Blok D from Baikonur Site 81/23 lofted it on 10 November 1968; reentry depressurization and hard landing killed the biological payload.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:06.558Z","spacedevs_id":"de16a700-65bb-4bf7-a9b3-6145f0da295d","net":"1968-11-10T19:11:31.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-101","gcat_id":"1968-101","payload_mass_kg":5950,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5564,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-11-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 67","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 253 (Zenit-2 No.67), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 13 November 1968 for optical imaging for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:06.340Z","spacedevs_id":"775a7360-ed08-4cd0-9cf3-b47476d2a7f4","net":"1968-11-13T12:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-102","gcat_id":"1968-102","payload_mass_kg":4750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5565,"rocket_id":1095,"date":"1968-11-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Proton-4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Proton 4, the last and heaviest of the Soviet Proton scientific satellites (~17 t), studying high-energy cosmic rays and particle interactions. Proton-K from Baikonur Site 81/24 lofted it on 16 November 1968 into LEO; reentered 24 July 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:06.123Z","spacedevs_id":"1b7edc50-3e5d-4949-819b-83b331405c5f","net":"1968-11-16T11:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-103","gcat_id":"1968-103","payload_mass_kg":17000,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Proton-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Proton-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":50,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":21600,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5566,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-11-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 50","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 254 (Zenit-4 No.50), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 21 November 1968 for optical imaging for the military.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:05.922Z","spacedevs_id":"1c1b54ab-afdc-47fb-91e1-2867d5d79d8c","net":"1968-11-21T12:10:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-104","gcat_id":"1968-104","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5567,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1968-11-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 68","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 255 (Zenit-2 No.68), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 29 November 1968 for optical imaging for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:05.402Z","spacedevs_id":"616ee72b-d00f-45b3-884e-b6edb0548e36","net":"1968-11-29T12:40:34.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-105","gcat_id":"1968-105","payload_mass_kg":4750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5568,"rocket_id":1316,"date":"1968-11-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"STV 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":1,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ELDO Europa 1 flight F7, the first full three-stage Europa orbital attempt, carrying Italian STV-1 satellite test vehicle from Woomera LA-6A on 29 November 1968. Third stage failed after separation and the dummy payload did not reach orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:05.618Z","spacedevs_id":"92a2c8e9-8b56-4abd-8fe9-e67bef355a64","net":"1968-11-29T23:12:02.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 6A","pad_location":"RAAF Woomera Range Complex","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1968-F09","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Europa I","country":"FRA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Europa-I.png","provider_manufacturer":"ELDO","height":33,"modelfamily":"Europa","payloadleo":200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5569,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1968-11-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Sfera 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 256 (Sfera No.3), a Soviet geodetic satellite mapping Earth's shape and gravity field for precise positioning. Kosmos-3M (11K65M) from Plesetsk Site 132/2 lofted it on 30 November 1968 into LEO for military mapping support.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:05.191Z","spacedevs_id":"ba66f540-2ab0-4448-bb30-956d97aa04f9","net":"1968-11-30T12:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-106","gcat_id":"1968-106","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5570,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1968-12-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 257 (DS-P1-Yu No.17), a Soviet radar-calibration target for air-defense and space-surveillance radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 lofted it on 3 December 1968 into LEO; decayed 5 March 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:04.980Z","spacedevs_id":"2fa04374-c275-4fa4-baa0-6fb585fcae59","net":"1968-12-03T14:52:21.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-107","gcat_id":"1968-107","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5571,"rocket_id":1438,"date":"1968-12-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 18","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 Gambit-3 (Mission 4318, OPS 6518), a U.S. high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the NRO/USAF. Titan IIIB Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W lofted it on 4 December 1968; a Titan second-stage burn-to-depletion put it into an unusually high apogee, and the ~8-day mission still returned imagery.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:26:04.721Z","spacedevs_id":"d88fffd4-1a99-4817-8216-26a2cb290d78","net":"1968-12-04T19:23:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1968-108","gcat_id":"1968-108","payload_mass_kg":2607,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIB.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5572,"rocket_id":1405,"date":"1968-12-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"HEOS 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Voskhod from Baikonur Site 1/5 placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 23 January 1969; recovered about 13 days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:55.087Z","spacedevs_id":"f382ec3b-cfb5-41c4-b5f6-fa85506ccdef","net":"1969-01-23T09:15:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-008","gcat_id":"1969-008","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5592,"rocket_id":1444,"date":"1969-01-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-AO 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"US-AO No.5, a Soviet battery-powered active-radar ocean-surveillance test satellite (RORSAT precursor without nuclear reactor). Tsiklon-2A from Baikonur Site 90/19 on 25 January 1969 failed to reach orbit; no Kosmos designation assigned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:54.682Z","spacedevs_id":"50181967-21d1-4398-a993-30be5f1ae2cf","net":"1969-01-25T11:14:03.000Z","pad_name":"90/19","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1969-U03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Tsiklon-2A","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2A-US-A.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5593,"rocket_id":1405,"date":"1969-01-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Isis 1","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ISIS 1 (International Satellites for Ionospheric Studies), a Canadian-built joint Canada–U.S. ionospheric research satellite with radio sounders and particle instruments. Thor Delta E1 from Vandenberg SLC-2E on 30 January 1969 into an elliptical medium-Earth orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:54.357Z","spacedevs_id":"795b501c-fc9d-42eb-bdae-96d616172494","net":"1969-01-30T06:46:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-009","gcat_id":"1969-009","payload_mass_kg":236,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta E1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-E1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":540,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5594,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1969-02-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 No.11, a Soviet meteorological satellite intended for weather imaging. Vostok-2M from Plesetsk Site 41/1 on 1 February 1969 failed when the upper stage malfunctioned, preventing orbital insertion.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:54.142Z","spacedevs_id":"e2a70002-3834-435b-b20f-cd080993383f","net":"1969-02-01T12:11:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1969-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5595,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1969-02-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4B 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3890 (KH-4B 6 / Corona 131 Mission 1106), a CIA film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, plus secondary P-801 (OPS 2644) reconnaissance payload. Thorad SLV-2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W on 5 February 1969; main payload recovered after about 19 days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:53.927Z","spacedevs_id":"0d5747f5-d597-41fc-8463-e092aedb94c1","net":"1969-02-05T21:59:54.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-010","gcat_id":"1969-010","payload_mass_kg":855,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 67% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D-Q.png","model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5596,"rocket_id":1409,"date":"1969-02-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"INTELSAT III F-3","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat III F-3, a commercial geostationary communications satellite for the Intelsat consortium. Thor Delta M from Cape Canaveral LC-17A on 6 February 1969 placed it in GEO for international telephony and television relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:53.698Z","spacedevs_id":"79457385-acb8-427a-a577-ade80ddd450b","net":"1969-02-06T00:39:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-011","gcat_id":"1969-011","payload_mass_kg":291,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta M","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":355,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5597,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1969-02-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 18","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 265 (DS-P1-Yu No.18), a Soviet radar-calibration target for air-defense and space-surveillance radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 lofted it on 7 February 1969 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:48.740Z","spacedevs_id":"dcc66c40-f16a-419c-83f0-784d34162cbf","net":"1969-02-07T13:59:00.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-012","gcat_id":"1969-012","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5598,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1969-02-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"TACSAT 1","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"TACSAT 1 (OPS 0757 / TACOMSAT), a U.S. experimental tactical communications satellite—then the largest and most powerful comsat—for the USAF. Titan IIIC from Cape Canaveral LC-41 lofted it on 9 February 1969 into geostationary orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:48.522Z","spacedevs_id":"c74d688c-3177-4cfc-89ba-8da5ae1cadd4","net":"1969-02-09T21:09:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 41","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-013","gcat_id":"1969-013","payload_mass_kg":721,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC-Tacsat.png","model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5599,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1969-02-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-15a","orbit":"LO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna E-8 No.201 (Luna 1969A), the first Soviet attempt to soft-land and deploy a Lunokhod rover. Proton-K/Blok D from Baikonur Site 81/24 on 19 February 1969 failed when the new payload shroud collapsed near max-Q, destroying the vehicle.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:48.315Z","spacedevs_id":"6d6fd8d2-50cf-4d18-8806-b06a15e84296","net":"1969-02-19T06:48:15.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1969-F04","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Luna-E8.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5600,"rocket_id":1114,"date":"1969-02-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zond-M 1","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"First flight of the Soviet N1 lunar rocket (vehicle 3L) carrying Zond L1S-1 and an LK lander mass simulator from Baikonur Site 110. Failed about 70 s after liftoff on 21 February 1969 when first-stage engine and propellant-line failures led KORD to shut down the engines.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:47.978Z","spacedevs_id":"dc11b2a9-ef98-4a33-9866-55973fa09691","net":"1969-02-21T09:18:07.000Z","pad_name":"110/38 (110R)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1969-F05","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"N1","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/N1.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":105,"modelfamily":"N1","payloadleo":95000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5601,"rocket_id":1260,"date":"1969-02-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mariner 6","orbit":"Mars flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mariner 6, a NASA Mars flyby probe imaging the equatorial region and returning atmospheric data during the 1969 opposition. Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D from Cape Canaveral LC-36B lofted it on 25 February 1969; successful flyby on 31 July 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:47.527Z","spacedevs_id":"1eadee34-7da0-4b2c-8387-9a4ad35e08fd","net":"1969-02-25T01:29:02.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-014","gcat_id":"1969-014","payload_mass_kg":385,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5602,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-02-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 71","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 266 (Zenit-2 No.71), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 25 February 1969 for optical imaging for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:47.759Z","spacedevs_id":"3fd8deff-e0ff-420a-a2eb-bc853f6d3fab","net":"1969-02-25T10:20:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-015","gcat_id":"1969-015","payload_mass_kg":4750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5603,"rocket_id":1405,"date":"1969-02-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ESSA 9","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ESSA 9 (TOS-G), the last ESSA/TOS operational weather satellite, providing day/night cloud-cover imaging from sun-synchronous orbit. Thor-Delta E1 from Cape Canaveral LC-17B lofted it on 26 February 1969 for ESSA/NOAA.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:46.908Z","spacedevs_id":"2da23629-b4f1-44b1-82fe-488be6e9ca8f","net":"1969-02-26T07:47:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-016","gcat_id":"1969-016","payload_mass_kg":157,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta E1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-E1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":540,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5604,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-02-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 51","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 267 (Zenit-4 No.51), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 26 February 1969 for optical imaging for the military.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:47.304Z","spacedevs_id":"006d3d03-2832-4c01-b2ff-54fe1edf4c58","net":"1969-02-26T08:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-017","gcat_id":"1969-017","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5605,"rocket_id":1093,"date":"1969-03-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Apollo 9","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Apollo 9, NASA’s first crewed Earth-orbit test of the lunar module (LM-3 Spider) with CSM-104 Gumdrop. Saturn V (AS-504) from KSC LC-39A lofted McDivitt, Scott, and Schweickart on 3 March 1969; first crewed LM flight and docking.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:46.690Z","spacedevs_id":"144c083a-8aa3-49df-be2d-9445305dedea","net":"1969-03-03T16:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 39A","pad_location":"Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-018","gcat_id":"1969-018","payload_mass_kg":42479,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Saturn V","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-V-Apollo.png","provider_manufacturer":"Boeing / North American / Douglas","height":110.6,"modelfamily":"Saturn","payloadleo":140000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5606,"rocket_id":1438,"date":"1969-03-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 20","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 Gambit-3 (Mission 4320, OPS 4248), a U.S. high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the NRO/USAF. Titan IIIB Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W lofted it on 4 March 1969 into LEO for optical imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:46.297Z","spacedevs_id":"6c942c47-fc76-46cd-b192-cb15264b33f0","net":"1969-03-04T19:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-019","gcat_id":"1969-019","payload_mass_kg":2607,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIB.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5607,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1969-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 19","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 268 (DS-P1-Yu No.19), a Soviet radar-calibration target for air-defense and space-surveillance radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar Site 86/4 lofted it on 5 March 1969 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:45.686Z","spacedevs_id":"6909576f-ed6a-44c4-9fe1-32af1b292104","net":"1969-03-05T13:04:55.000Z","pad_name":"86/4","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-020","gcat_id":"1969-020","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5608,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1969-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 269 (Tselina-O No.4), a Soviet electronic-intelligence (ELINT) satellite monitoring foreign radar emissions. Kosmos-3M (11K65M) from Plesetsk lofted it on 5 March 1969 into LEO for the military.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:45.903Z","spacedevs_id":"2bddfc2d-49ec-43b3-8707-ba26cd861f78","net":"1969-03-05T17:25:01.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-021","gcat_id":"1969-021","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5609,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-03-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 52","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 270 (Zenit-4 No.52), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 6 March 1969 for optical imaging for the military; recovered after about eight days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:23:45.349Z","spacedevs_id":"e445dc75-e7dc-4d22-8c5f-329d6114061d","net":"1969-03-06T12:15:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-022","gcat_id":"1969-022","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5610,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-03-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 53","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 271 (Zenit-4 No.53), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on a Voskhod from Plesetsk for military optical imaging, recovered after about eight days in LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:58.608Z","spacedevs_id":"318c544d-d9b1-44e7-8e86-19b6954e6368","net":"1969-03-15T12:15:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-023","gcat_id":"1969-023","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 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Titan IIIB from Vandenberg SLC-4W on 15 April 1969; about a two-week optical imaging mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:19.834Z","spacedevs_id":"3e77ab13-4cda-47e7-859f-08357842d0c2","net":"1969-04-15T17:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-039","gcat_id":"1969-039","payload_mass_kg":2607,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIB.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5629,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-04-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 280 (Zenit-4M No.3 / Rotor), a Soviet improved high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with extended mission duration. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 1/5 placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 23 April 1969; recovered about 13 days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:19.378Z","spacedevs_id":"6045c5c3-3358-4dd2-97d1-87c08f94e3d9","net":"1969-04-23T09:55:01.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-040","gcat_id":"1969-040","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5630,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1969-05-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 51","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 1101 (KH-4A 51 / Corona 133 Mission 1051), a CIA film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, plus secondary P-11 (OPS 1721) ELINT. Thorad SLV-2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W on 2 May 1969; main payload recovered after about three weeks.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:19.157Z","spacedevs_id":"6783cac0-e9e7-434b-98cd-5d5026b3b325","net":"1969-05-02T01:46:58.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-041","gcat_id":"1969-041","payload_mass_kg":720,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 55% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D-Q.png","model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5631,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-05-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 74","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 281 (Zenit-2 No.74), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Saturn V SA-505 from KSC LC-39B on 18 May 1969 flew Stafford, Young, and Cernan; first full Apollo stack test in lunar orbit, LM descent to ~15 km over the planned landing site.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:18.629Z","spacedevs_id":"4dd2a587-45a3-4f54-ba79-53732433671a","net":"1969-05-18T16:49:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 39B","pad_location":"Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-043","gcat_id":"1969-043","payload_mass_kg":42676,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Saturn V","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-V-Apollo.png","provider_manufacturer":"Boeing / North American / Douglas","height":110.6,"modelfamily":"Saturn","payloadleo":140000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5633,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-05-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 57","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 282 (Zenit-4 No.57), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 20 May 1969; recovered about eight days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:18.422Z","spacedevs_id":"de580e3f-288e-4190-bf2c-ecb9de5c47cc","net":"1969-05-20T08:40:02.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-044","gcat_id":"1969-044","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5634,"rocket_id":1409,"date":"1969-05-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"INTELSAT III F-4","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat III F-4, a commercial geostationary communications satellite for the Intelsat consortium. Thor Delta M from Cape Canaveral LC-17A on 22 May 1969 placed it in GEO for international telephony and television relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:18.152Z","spacedevs_id":"929b14e6-09ed-4fc4-8e60-f9d530ef1e62","net":"1969-05-22T02:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-045","gcat_id":"1969-045","payload_mass_kg":294,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta M","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":355,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5635,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1969-05-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Vela 5A & 5B","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Advanced Vela nuclear-detection pair Vela 9/10 (Vela 5A/5B, OPS 6909/6911) plus OV5-5/6/9 tech demos. Titan IIIC from Cape Canaveral SLC-41 lofted them on 23 May 1969 into high Earth orbit to watch for nuclear detonations.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:39.582Z","spacedevs_id":"159cad5e-9b0f-4496-9ea8-92b74161d0f6","net":"1969-05-23T07:57:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 41","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-046","gcat_id":"1969-046","payload_mass_kg":740,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 53% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC-Vela.png","model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5636,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1969-05-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 21","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 283 (DS-P1-Yu), a Soviet radar-calibration target for air-defense and space-surveillance radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 lofted it on 27 May 1969 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:39.298Z","spacedevs_id":"3470ca0c-a2cd-4bd2-a7b0-31286772ff42","net":"1969-05-27T12:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-047","gcat_id":"1969-047","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5637,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-05-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 58","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 284 (Zenit-4 No.58), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 29 May 1969 for optical imaging for the military.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:39.088Z","spacedevs_id":"563d533b-efc0-4461-aac7-41cbbde5628b","net":"1969-05-29T06:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-048","gcat_id":"1969-048","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5638,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1969-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 22","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 285 (DS-P1-Yu No.22), a Soviet radar-calibration target for air-defense and space-surveillance radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 lofted it on 3 June 1969 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:38.673Z","spacedevs_id":"67d93844-3a00-48fd-8fe1-5d390fb6071d","net":"1969-06-03T12:57:27.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-049","gcat_id":"1969-049","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5639,"rocket_id":1438,"date":"1969-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 22","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 Gambit-3 (OPS 1077), a U.S. high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the NRO/USAF. Titan IIIB from Vandenberg SLC-4W lofted it on 3 June 1969 into LEO for optical imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:38.883Z","spacedevs_id":"1e5bff7b-980c-4739-be84-6a3755480f38","net":"1969-06-03T16:49:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-050","gcat_id":"1969-050","payload_mass_kg":2607,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 93% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan IIIB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIB.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5640,"rocket_id":1419,"date":"1969-06-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OGO 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OGO 6 (OGO-F), NASA’s last Orbiting Geophysical Observatory, studying Earth’s atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere from polar LEO. Thorad-SLV2H Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W lofted it on 5 June 1969; operated until October 1979.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:38.459Z","spacedevs_id":"f721042d-fc3f-4944-a4d8-c46d6f71ddbc","net":"1969-06-05T14:42:45.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-051","gcat_id":"1969-051","payload_mass_kg":620,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2H-Agena-D.png","model":"Thorad SLV-2H Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2H-Agena-D-Q.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5641,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1969-06-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-15b","orbit":"LO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna Ye-8-5 No.402, an uncrewed Soviet lunar soil-sample-return attempt raced ahead of Apollo 11. Proton-K/Blok D from Baikonur Site 81/24 on 14 June 1969 failed when the Blok D upper stage did not ignite, leaving the probe on a suborbital trajectory.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:38.200Z","spacedevs_id":"3e071e4f-e7ef-410a-abfa-7acf1c2abed0","net":"1969-06-14T04:00:47.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1969-F08","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Luna-E8.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5642,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-06-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 59","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 286 (Zenit-4 No.59), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 15 June 1969 for optical imaging for the military.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:37.982Z","spacedevs_id":"6edd66d0-377d-4d46-92cf-8755779c484e","net":"1969-06-15T08:59:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-052","gcat_id":"1969-052","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5643,"rocket_id":1405,"date":"1969-06-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"IMP G","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 41 (IMP-G / IMP-5), a NASA Interplanetary Monitoring Platform measuring magnetospheric particles, fields, and solar wind in a highly elliptical orbit. Thor-Delta E1 from Vandenberg SLC-2W lofted it on 21 June 1969; operated until reentry in December 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:21:37.772Z","spacedevs_id":"cf498259-2ed8-4734-ad27-b671304f36de","net":"1969-06-21T08:47:58.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1969-053","gcat_id":"1969-053","payload_mass_kg":79,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta E1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-E1.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":28,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":540,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5644,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-06-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 75","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 287 (Zenit-2 No.75), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 on 16 August 1969; recovered about twelve days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:40.622Z","spacedevs_id":"7d9d4425-4794-4bfe-a9ff-66672460e1f7","net":"1969-08-16T11:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-071","gcat_id":"1969-071","payload_mass_kg":6660,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5665,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-08-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 62","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 294 (Zenit-4 No.62), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 19 August 1969; recovered about eight days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:40.327Z","spacedevs_id":"6671e516-d851-48cb-b6a4-006aa4e7cc53","net":"1969-08-19T13:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-072","gcat_id":"1969-072","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5666,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1969-08-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 24","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 295 (DS-P1-Yu No.24), a Soviet radar-calibration target for air-defense and space-surveillance radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 on 22 August 1969; decayed about 1 December 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:40.113Z","spacedevs_id":"37c4313b-4e8b-4154-9e4a-eb178fe0bd67","net":"1969-08-22T14:14:57.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-073","gcat_id":"1969-073","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5667,"rocket_id":1420,"date":"1969-08-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 23","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 7807 (KH-8 Gambit-3), a U.S. Air Force high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Titan 23B (Titan IIIB) from Vandenberg SLC-4W on 23 August 1969; about a two-week optical imaging mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:39.724Z","spacedevs_id":"44041383-a9fc-49c9-b64f-76f91e593ed4","net":"1969-08-23T16:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-074","gcat_id":"1969-074","payload_mass_kg":2764,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 88% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 23B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-23B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5668,"rocket_id":1408,"date":"1969-08-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pioneer E","orbit":"Helio-N/A","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer E, a NASA heliocentric solar monitor, plus secondary TETR-3. Maiden flight of Thor Delta L from Cape Canaveral LC-17A on 27 August 1969 failed when first-stage hydraulics threw the vehicle off course; range safety destroyed it at T+383 s.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:39.502Z","spacedevs_id":"8ce5a4c6-8ab4-40e1-af08-924da819d4b1","net":"1969-08-27T21:59:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1969-F12","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta L","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-L.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5669,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-08-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 63","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 296 (Zenit-4 No.63), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 29 August 1969; recovered about eight days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:39.254Z","spacedevs_id":"df573f2e-2854-4661-8b2c-db66028a01f4","net":"1969-08-29T09:05:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-075","gcat_id":"1969-075","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5670,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-09-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 64","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 297 (Zenit-4 No.64), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 2 September 1969; recovered about eight days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:39.040Z","spacedevs_id":"ca365578-13a3-417c-8905-ae4eef70e076","net":"1969-09-02T11:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-076","gcat_id":"1969-076","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5671,"rocket_id":1351,"date":"1969-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OGCh 21","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 298 (OGCh No.21), a Soviet Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) warhead-bus test on the R-36O (8K69). Launched from Baikonur Site 191/66 on 15 September 1969; deorbited the same day after a partial orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:38.818Z","spacedevs_id":"75cf0414-2526-427e-8be2-f1a927bf64df","net":"1969-09-15T16:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"191/66","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-077","gcat_id":"1969-077","payload_mass_kg":3950,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"R-36O 8K69","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/R-36O-8K69.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":32.6,"modelfamily":"R-36O","payloadleo":1700,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5672,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 65","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 299 (Zenit-4 No.65), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 18 September 1969; recovered about four days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:38.566Z","spacedevs_id":"4fedcdc3-bde3-4e5d-bbe6-deb94a18fdb9","net":"1969-09-18T08:40:01.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-078","gcat_id":"1969-078","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5673,"rocket_id":1333,"date":"1969-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ohsumi 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ohsumi-4, Japan’s fourth attempt to orbit a satellite on the solid-fuel Lambda-4S from Kagoshima. On 22 September 1969 the third stage collided with the fourth, causing a fourth-stage control failure and another orbital miss.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:59.888Z","spacedevs_id":"31a1f461-130a-4706-b034-5916b2884a24","net":"1969-09-22T02:10:00.000Z","pad_name":"KS Center","pad_location":"Uchinoura Space Center, Japan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1969-F13","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Lambda 4S","country":"JPN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Lambda-4S.png","provider_manufacturer":"Nissan","height":16.5,"modelfamily":"Lambda","payloadleo":26,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5674,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1969-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4A 52","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 3531 (KH-4A #52), a U.S. Corona film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with P-11 (OPS 4710) secondary ELINT payload. Thorad-SLV2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W lofted them on 22 September 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:20:00.093Z","spacedevs_id":"2be59d79-14ff-494b-81b9-a92853ff993f","net":"1969-09-22T21:11:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-079","gcat_id":"1969-079","payload_mass_kg":720,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 56% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5675,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1969-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-16a","orbit":"LO","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 300 (Luna Ye-8-5 No.403 / Luna 16a), a Soviet uncrewed lunar sample-return attempt. Proton-K/Blok-D from Baikonur Site 81/24 lofted it on 23 September 1969; a Blok-D valve defect left the probe stranded in Earth orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:59.674Z","spacedevs_id":"fa9af4d8-bef7-459d-829e-501fc7dc0d67","net":"1969-09-23T14:07:36.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1969-080","gcat_id":"1969-080","payload_mass_kg":5700,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 99% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Luna-E8.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5676,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2 77","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 301 (Zenit-2 #77), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 24 September 1969 for optical imaging for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:59.444Z","spacedevs_id":"2b2fd50d-11e3-483c-9024-27f38bd90615","net":"1969-09-24T12:15:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-081","gcat_id":"1969-081","payload_mass_kg":4750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5677,"rocket_id":1418,"date":"1969-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Poppy 8A,B,C,D","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Poppy 8 (NRL-PL 161–164) Navy ELINT cluster plus Timation-2 navigation tech-demo and other NRL/USAF secondaries. Thorad-SLV2G Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W lofted them on 30 September 1969 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:59.230Z","spacedevs_id":"7ec0e5d5-0c43-4961-994e-3e7c773302f7","net":"1969-09-30T13:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-082","gcat_id":"1969-082","payload_mass_kg":611,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D-POPPY.png","model":"Thorad SLV-2G Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2G-Agena-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":32.9,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5678,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1969-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ESRO 1B (Boreas)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ESRO 1B (Boreas), a European Space Research Organisation auroral and ionospheric science satellite correlating with ESRO 1A. Scout B from Vandenberg SLC-5 lofted it on 1 October 1969 into a lower-than-planned polar orbit that still returned useful data.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:59.022Z","spacedevs_id":"ddf6371a-3194-4b85-912f-92d07c095cd4","net":"1969-10-01T22:29:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-083","gcat_id":"1969-083","payload_mass_kg":85,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5679,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1969-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 2 (15L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 2, an early Soviet operational meteorological satellite for cloud imaging and weather data. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 6 October 1969 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:58.811Z","spacedevs_id":"2889e54f-e8ab-4487-8f50-25bfb357f25e","net":"1969-10-06T01:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-084","gcat_id":"1969-084","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5680,"rocket_id":1096,"date":"1969-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Soyuz 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Soyuz 6, first of three simultaneous crewed Soyuz flights, with Georgy Shonin and Valery Kubasov. Soyuz from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 11 October 1969; Kubasov conducted the first orbital welding tests, while planned photo-support of a Soyuz 7/8 docking was cancelled after electronics failed.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:19:58.560Z","spacedevs_id":"54a808e5-b49a-4069-9471-ae183fd3bbe7","net":"1969-10-11T11:10:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-085","gcat_id":"1969-085","payload_mass_kg":6560,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5681,"rocket_id":1096,"date":"1969-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Soyuz 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Soyuz 7, middle craft of the October 1969 triple Soyuz group flight, crewed by Anatoly Filipchenko, Vladislav Volkov, and Viktor Gorbatko. 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Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 3 December 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:07.754Z","spacedevs_id":"6c65203e-4522-4b2a-b57b-453968410171","net":"1969-12-03T13:20:02.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-104","gcat_id":"1969-104","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5701,"rocket_id":1419,"date":"1969-12-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4B 8","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 6617 (KH-4B Mission 1108 / Corona 136), a CIA film-return photoreconnaissance satellite; cameras worked and ~811 ft of aerial color film flew at the end of the supply. Thorad SLV-2H Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W on 4 December 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:07.541Z","spacedevs_id":"d51ff9ca-42c1-4cab-ba0e-7184db0833f5","net":"1969-12-04T21:38:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-105","gcat_id":"1969-105","payload_mass_kg":750,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 76% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thorad SLV-2H Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2H-Agena-D-Q.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5702,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1969-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 28","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 314 (DS-P1-Yu #28), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for air-defense and space-surveillance radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 on 11 December 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:07.337Z","spacedevs_id":"f944788a-4d64-41d7-ab49-d8aa93e2c56c","net":"1969-12-11T12:58:59.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-106","gcat_id":"1969-106","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5703,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1969-12-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 315 (Tselina-O #5), a Soviet general ELINT/SIGINT surveillance satellite in the two-spacecraft Tselina system. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk on 20 December 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:07.129Z","spacedevs_id":"df9e0c7a-922d-444b-a417-50080e52696d","net":"1969-12-20T03:26:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-107","gcat_id":"1969-107","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5704,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1969-12-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"I2P 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 316 (I2P #3), a Soviet co-orbital anti-satellite (IS interceptor) test vehicle. Tsiklon-2 from Baikonur Site 90/20 on 23 December 1969; third flight of the I2P ASAT series.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:06.733Z","spacedevs_id":"23212587-7bcd-4b16-b326-c6784a52ee97","net":"1969-12-23T09:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"90/20","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-108","gcat_id":"1969-108","payload_mass_kg":3600,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-IS.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5705,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1969-12-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 317 (Zenit-4MK #1, Germes #1), the first high-resolution Zenit-4MK film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 on 23 December 1969; debut of the Germes series.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:06.932Z","spacedevs_id":"65a22663-4d96-4153-b470-5f92d615b783","net":"1969-12-23T13:50:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-109","gcat_id":"1969-109","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5706,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1969-12-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U1-IK 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos 2 (DS-U1-IK #1), an international socialist-bloc ionosphere research satellite with East European electron and ion experiments. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar Site 86/4 on 25 December 1969.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:06.533Z","spacedevs_id":"29cc6eaf-7f2e-4782-a4e3-eba4a64aa38b","net":"1969-12-25T09:59:51.000Z","pad_name":"86/4","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1969-110","gcat_id":"1969-110","payload_mass_kg":288,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5707,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1969-12-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ionosfernaya Stantsiya 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ionosfernaya Stantsiya #1, a Soviet ionospheric topside-sounder science satellite intended for electron/ion and radiation measurements. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 failed on 27 December 1969 and did not reach orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:06.322Z","spacedevs_id":"588462df-86fb-4007-9ad7-0c5105dcdf57","net":"1969-12-27T14:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1969-F15","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5708,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-01-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 318 (Zenit-2M #7, Gektor #7), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed it in LEO on 9 January 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:06.102Z","spacedevs_id":"33cfb950-2acd-4397-a1b0-49c621c291b1","net":"1970-01-09T09:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-001","gcat_id":"1970-001","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5709,"rocket_id":1420,"date":"1970-01-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 25","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 6531 (KH-8 Gambit-3 Mission 4325), a U.S. Air Force high-resolution film-return reconnaissance satellite. Titan 23B from Vandenberg SLC-4W on 14 January 1970; about an 18-day photo mission, with the second SRV lost.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:05.893Z","spacedevs_id":"90780322-c2f5-41ce-bc46-d53103ff8e6e","net":"1970-01-14T18:43:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-002","gcat_id":"1970-002","payload_mass_kg":3164,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 88% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 23B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-23B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5710,"rocket_id":1409,"date":"1970-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"INTELSAT III F-6","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat III F-6, a commercial geostationary communications satellite for the Intelsat consortium. Delta M from Cape Canaveral LC-17A lofted it on 15 January 1970 into GEO for global telephone and TV relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:09.262Z","spacedevs_id":"b8fc3e02-8c44-4b75-bf43-a75622e9478b","net":"1970-01-15T00:16:03.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-003","gcat_id":"1970-003","payload_mass_kg":294,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta M","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":355,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5711,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1970-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 29","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 319 (DS-P1-Yu #29), a Soviet radar-calibration target for Dnestr space-surveillance and early-warning radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 on 15 January 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:05.649Z","spacedevs_id":"f71917a7-db21-4ffd-9327-d49c55ddd610","net":"1970-01-15T13:39:59.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-004","gcat_id":"1970-004","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5712,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1970-01-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-MO 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 320 (DS-MO #2 / Opticheski #2), a Soviet optical technology/atmosphere research satellite. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar LC-86/4 lofted it on 16 January 1970 into LEO for Yuzhnoye DS-MO experiments.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:09.059Z","spacedevs_id":"0da66d57-5136-409d-9509-c169ad5191d9","net":"1970-01-16T10:59:58.000Z","pad_name":"86/4","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-005","gcat_id":"1970-005","payload_mass_kg":321,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5713,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1970-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-MG 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 321 (DS-U2-MG #1), a Soviet scientific satellite measuring the Earth’s magnetic field and magnetosphere. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 lofted it on 20 January 1970; it operated until mid-March and reentered 23 March 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:08.854Z","spacedevs_id":"f78ae758-f966-48ac-bc44-999bde40e685","net":"1970-01-20T20:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-006","gcat_id":"1970-006","payload_mass_kg":265,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5714,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-01-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4 68","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 322 (Zenit-4 #68), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 21 January 1970 for optical imaging for the GRU; recovered about 29 January.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:08.641Z","spacedevs_id":"6ad39a29-1207-411b-97b7-f100681c4f05","net":"1970-01-21T12:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-007","gcat_id":"1970-007","payload_mass_kg":5650,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5715,"rocket_id":1412,"date":"1970-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ITOS 1","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"TIROS-M (ITOS-1), the first Improved TIROS Operational System meteorological satellite for NOAA cloud imaging, with University of Melbourne Australis-OSCAR 5 amateur-radio piggyback. Delta N6 from Vandenberg SLC-2W lofted both on 23 January 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:18:08.428Z","spacedevs_id":"a877d904-e598-494e-a001-cacece40cab8","net":"1970-01-23T11:31:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-008","gcat_id":"1970-008","payload_mass_kg":327,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta N6","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-N6.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":33,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5716,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1970-01-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-I 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed DS-P1-I #7 radar-calibration target launch. 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Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the craft in LEO on 16 September 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:04.461Z","spacedevs_id":"012f35a3-a0a0-4a8b-97a5-6b9ce26c284f","net":"1970-09-16T11:59:55.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-073","gcat_id":"1970-073","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5788,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-09-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 363 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #11), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 17 September 1970 for a short optical imaging mission recovered about 12 days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:04.259Z","spacedevs_id":"acf80cb6-9f10-4c98-bf90-7167f669f738","net":"1970-09-17T08:10:01.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-074","gcat_id":"1970-074","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5789,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 364 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #3), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with an auxiliary maneuvering engine. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 22 September 1970 for optical imaging; recovered after about two weeks.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:04.045Z","spacedevs_id":"0e68269b-71c1-4a36-8d4c-650286285f62","net":"1970-09-22T13:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-075","gcat_id":"1970-075","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5790,"rocket_id":1340,"date":"1970-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"MS-F1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed first attempt to orbit Japan's Shinsei (SS-1 / MS-F2) scientific satellite for solar radio, cosmic-ray, and ionospheric research. Mu-4S from Kagoshima (Uchinoura) failed to place the 66 kg craft in orbit on 25 September 1970; a 1971 reflight succeeded.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:03.620Z","spacedevs_id":"e57ffbbf-e936-4726-92be-15094a1dbd3b","net":"1970-09-25T05:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mu Center","pad_location":"Uchinoura Space Center, Japan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1970-F08","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Mu-4S","country":"JPN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/M-4S.png","provider_manufacturer":"Nissan","height":23.6,"modelfamily":"Mu","payloadleo":180,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5791,"rocket_id":1352,"date":"1970-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OGCh 23","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 365 (OGCh #23), a Soviet Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) test warhead. R-36O from Baikonur Site 191/66 lofted it on 25 September 1970 into a fractional orbit before deorbit impact at the Kapustin Yar range.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:03.833Z","spacedevs_id":"5445c077-7e2f-4850-a860-19875cef425b","net":"1970-09-25T14:05:00.000Z","pad_name":"191/66","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-076","gcat_id":"1970-076","payload_mass_kg":3950,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"R-36O 8K69M","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/R-36O-8K69M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":35,"modelfamily":"R-36O","payloadleo":1700,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5792,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1970-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 15","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 15 (19L), a Soviet military/civil communications satellite in highly elliptical Molniya orbit for high-latitude coverage. Molniya-M from Plesetsk Site 43/4 lofted it on 29 September 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:03.406Z","spacedevs_id":"052b0445-c598-4533-b590-da4329a07cc2","net":"1970-09-29T08:14:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-077","gcat_id":"1970-077","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-M1M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5793,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 12","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 366 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #12), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 1 October 1970 for a short optical imaging mission recovered about 12 days later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:03.201Z","spacedevs_id":"adc9137d-d7b6-49d6-b385-898e09fd0302","net":"1970-10-01T08:20:03.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-078","gcat_id":"1970-078","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5794,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1970-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-A 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 367 (US-A #1), the first Soviet nuclear-powered RORSAT active-radar ocean-surveillance satellite with a BES-5 reactor. Tsiklon-2 from Baikonur Site 90/19 lofted it on 3 October 1970; the reactor was later boosted to a storage orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:02.889Z","spacedevs_id":"e833fdb0-6ab8-456f-a232-cbfc284b8fe3","net":"1970-10-03T10:26:45.000Z","pad_name":"90/19","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-079","gcat_id":"1970-079","payload_mass_kg":3800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-US-A.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5795,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 13","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 368 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #13) with Nauka-1KS 3L science module, a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite that also flew biological experiments as a Bion precursor. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted the stack on 8 October 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:02.462Z","spacedevs_id":"7d475b79-6555-4eb2-906f-b7728f0280d4","net":"1970-10-08T12:39:02.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-080","gcat_id":"1970-080","payload_mass_kg":6840,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5796,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1970-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 36","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 369 (DS-P1-Yu #36), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the craft in LEO on 8 October 1970 for air-defense and space-surveillance radar calibration tests.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:02.674Z","spacedevs_id":"e13c7e13-78f3-4bf1-8ec8-637dee42d645","net":"1970-10-08T15:10:03.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-081","gcat_id":"1970-081","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5797,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 370 (Zenit-4M/Rotor #7), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 9 October 1970 for optical imaging; recovered after about two weeks.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:02.248Z","spacedevs_id":"131cebc4-62ab-4f20-8981-35c3b59dace4","net":"1970-10-09T11:04:58.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-082","gcat_id":"1970-082","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5798,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1970-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zaliv 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 371 (Zaliv #6), a Soviet Tsiklon Doppler navigation satellite for military users. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk placed the ~800 kg craft in ~780 km LEO on 12 October 1970 as the sixth Zaliv flight.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:13:02.038Z","spacedevs_id":"241daa97-b6ac-4afe-97bf-e05091bf3ac2","net":"1970-10-12T13:57:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-083","gcat_id":"1970-083","payload_mass_kg":775,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5799,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1970-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U3-IK 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Heliophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos 4 (DS-U3-IK #2), a socialist-bloc solar physics satellite measuring ultraviolet and X-ray effects on the upper atmosphere. 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Proton-K/D from Baikonur fired Blok-D three times over five days, simulating lunar orbit insertion and LK descent burns.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:26.567Z","spacedevs_id":"670356e9-a2c7-43be-8afb-c88e71cf4810","net":"1970-12-02T17:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-103","gcat_id":"1970-103","payload_mass_kg":6540,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-L1E.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5820,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-12-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 383 (Zenit-4MK #4, Germes), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk placed it in LEO for detailed optical imaging on 3 December 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:26.135Z","spacedevs_id":"3a47ae67-92bd-4839-9fd5-11388fca9570","net":"1970-12-03T13:55:19.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-104","gcat_id":"1970-104","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5821,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-12-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 15","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 384 (Zenit-2M #15, Gektor), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with Nauka-2KS scientific module. Voskhod from Plesetsk placed it in LEO for optical imaging on 10 December 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:25.918Z","spacedevs_id":"949252df-3cd0-4a04-9cdf-633533c085d4","net":"1970-12-10T11:10:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-105","gcat_id":"1970-105","payload_mass_kg":6840,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5822,"rocket_id":1412,"date":"1970-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"NOAA 1","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"NOAA 1 (ITOS A), the first operational Improved TIROS Operational Satellite for NOAA, carrying APT/AVCS cameras and scanning radiometers for daily weather imaging. Thor Delta N6 from Vandenberg SLC-2W on 11 December 1970 with secondary CEP 1.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:25.707Z","spacedevs_id":"4c97c7b1-6944-4ef5-ac0a-b949c285d034","net":"1970-12-11T11:35:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-106","gcat_id":"1970-106","payload_mass_kg":311,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta N6","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-N6.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":33,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5823,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1970-12-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Uhuru","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 42 (Uhuru / SAS-A), NASA’s first satellite dedicated to X-ray astronomy. Scout B from Italy’s San Marco mobile platform off Kenya lofted it on 12 December 1970 into near-equatorial LEO, discovering many celestial X-ray sources.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:15.871Z","spacedevs_id":"a56393ca-b76d-407f-ae0d-8d9342b9e204","net":"1970-12-12T10:53:50.000Z","pad_name":"San Marco platform","pad_location":"Broglio Space Center, Kenya","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-107","gcat_id":"1970-107","payload_mass_kg":143,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5824,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1970-12-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zaliv 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 385 (Zaliv #7), a Soviet Tsiklon military Doppler navigation satellite. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk LC-132/2 placed it in LEO on 12 December 1970 for naval and military positioning.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:25.250Z","spacedevs_id":"f98e9d2c-0409-4cbd-9bae-f0501498b436","net":"1970-12-12T13:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-108","gcat_id":"1970-108","payload_mass_kg":680,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5825,"rocket_id":1312,"date":"1970-12-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Péole","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":2,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Péole (Preliminaire Eole), CNES's first experimental meteorological data-relay satellite testing balloon telemetry links and gravity-gradient stabilization for the later Eole program. Diamant B from Kourou on 12 December 1970; first CNES satellite from Guiana.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:25.489Z","spacedevs_id":"19e540db-83fd-47f7-b766-6dd0f66e759b","net":"1970-12-12T13:04:44.000Z","pad_name":"Diamant Launch Area","pad_location":"Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-109","gcat_id":"1970-109","payload_mass_kg":57,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Diamant B","country":"FRA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Diamant-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"SEREB","height":23.5,"modelfamily":"Diamant","payloadleo":160,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5826,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1970-12-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 9","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 386 (Zenit-4M/Rotor #9), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 15 December 1970 for optical imaging; recovered about two weeks later.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:15.657Z","spacedevs_id":"dadda961-7b4d-4a33-bfb9-0298401fce5a","net":"1970-12-15T10:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-110","gcat_id":"1970-110","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5827,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1970-12-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 387 (Tselina-O #7), a Soviet electronic-intelligence satellite for general radio-emitter survey. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the craft in LEO on 16 December 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:15.440Z","spacedevs_id":"0e56bc3f-d05e-4377-9a25-d72a2d686d53","net":"1970-12-16T04:29:59.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-111","gcat_id":"1970-111","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5828,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1970-12-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 38","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 388 (DS-P1-Yu #38), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the craft in LEO on 18 December 1970 for air-defense radar calibration tests.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:15.023Z","spacedevs_id":"9e83d4e7-7100-472a-8cee-2f7da913616e","net":"1970-12-18T09:39:13.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-112","gcat_id":"1970-112","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5829,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1970-12-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-D 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 389 (Tselina-D #1), the first flight of the detailed-observation Tselina-D ELINT satellite for radio-source surveillance. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted it on 18 December 1970 into LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:15.234Z","spacedevs_id":"77eb9cc7-eddd-4223-b4aa-c64fa829fb08","net":"1970-12-18T16:15:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-113","gcat_id":"1970-113","payload_mass_kg":1750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5830,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1970-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-M 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed launch of a DS-P1-M (Tyulpan #2) ASAT radar-target satellite. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132 lost first-stage thrust about one second after liftoff on 22 December 1970, fell back, and exploded on the pad, badly damaging the complex.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:14.811Z","spacedevs_id":"7cbcf478-7f24-4c16-9c93-a2f65f69e747","net":"1970-12-22T21:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1970-F10","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5831,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1970-12-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 17","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 17 (22L), a Soviet military/civil communications satellite in highly elliptical Molniya orbit for high-latitude coverage. Molniya-M from Baikonur Site 1/5 lofted it on 25 December 1970.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:14.590Z","spacedevs_id":"9fc78592-b114-4189-94a1-244935b77580","net":"1970-12-25T03:50:02.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1970-114","gcat_id":"1970-114","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5832,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-01-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 390 (Zenit-4M/Rotor #10), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 lofted it on 12 January 1971 for optical imaging; recovered after about two weeks.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:14.372Z","spacedevs_id":"bb510877-e54d-4b34-9e3d-ebf47bdaaf55","net":"1971-01-12T09:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-001","gcat_id":"1971-001","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5833,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1971-01-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-I 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 391 (DS-P1-I #10), a Soviet radar-target satellite used for air-defense radar calibration. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the craft in LEO on 14 January 1971.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:11:14.163Z","spacedevs_id":"9823c993-51ce-4972-b816-e2f673d2411a","net":"1971-01-14T12:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-002","gcat_id":"1971-002","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5834,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1971-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 7 (19L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 7, a Soviet civilian weather satellite for cloud-cover and meteorological imaging. 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Maiden flight of Titan III(33)B Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W on 21 March 1971.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:30.830Z","spacedevs_id":"a9ff22d9-7c30-474e-b212-d3628e2c4cf4","net":"1971-03-21T03:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-021","gcat_id":"1971-021","payload_mass_kg":1000,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 33B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-33B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5856,"rocket_id":1419,"date":"1971-03-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4B 14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 5300 (KH-4B Corona Mission 1114 / Corona 142), an NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with dual panoramic cameras. 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Tsiklon-2 from Baikonur LC-90/19 placed it in low Earth orbit on 1 April 1971; reactor boosted to storage orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:30.182Z","spacedevs_id":"ac4d9be6-6492-4de5-be1c-f91ec12017ad","net":"1971-04-01T11:29:59.000Z","pad_name":"90/19","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-025","gcat_id":"1971-025","payload_mass_kg":3800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-US-A.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5860,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-04-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 18","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 403 (Zenit-2M #18, Gektor), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Tsiklon-2 from Baikonur LC-90 approached and destroyed the DS-P1-M target Kosmos 400 on 4 April 1971, a successful radar-guided ASAT test.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:29.512Z","spacedevs_id":"9caa10b2-475f-4ba1-98d1-9cccef207f5f","net":"1971-04-04T14:27:43.000Z","pad_name":"90/20","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-027","gcat_id":"1971-027","payload_mass_kg":1400,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-IS.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5862,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1971-04-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-D 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 405 (Tselina-D #2), a Soviet detailed electronic-intelligence satellite in the two-spacecraft Tselina ELINT system. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk LC-43/4 placed it in LEO on 7 April 1971; reentered November 2023.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:29.275Z","spacedevs_id":"00c3f3fe-dee1-42d3-8873-789b34172813","net":"1971-04-07T07:10:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-028","gcat_id":"1971-028","payload_mass_kg":1750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5863,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-04-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 406 (Zenit-4M/Rotor #14), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Diamant B from Kourou ALD lofted the ~96 kg craft on 15 April 1971.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:20.947Z","spacedevs_id":"d6cc6817-411a-4802-9a29-1f43e7011ba8","net":"1971-04-15T09:19:37.000Z","pad_name":"Diamant Launch Area","pad_location":"Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-030","gcat_id":"1971-030","payload_mass_kg":96,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Diamant B","country":"FRA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Diamant-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"SEREB","height":23.5,"modelfamily":"Diamant","payloadleo":160,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5865,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1971-04-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 8 (21L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor 1-08, a Soviet Meteor-1 series meteorological satellite for cloud-cover and weather imaging. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in sun-synchronous LEO on 17 April 1971.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:20.737Z","spacedevs_id":"26289740-3a07-4855-8e6d-0b972a0db7bd","net":"1971-04-17T11:44:58.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-031","gcat_id":"1971-031","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5866,"rocket_id":1095,"date":"1971-04-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Salyut 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Salyut 1 (DOS-1), the world's first space station. Proton-K from Baikonur Site 81 lofted the ~19-tonne station on 19 April 1971; two crews visited—Soyuz 10 failed hard-dock, Soyuz 11 succeeded but the crew died on reentry.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:20.529Z","spacedevs_id":"7c0bd48c-ce80-48c0-bdd7-1ba32cbb61da","net":"1971-04-19T01:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-032","gcat_id":"1971-032","payload_mass_kg":18210,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Salyut.png","model":"Proton-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Proton-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":50,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":21600,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5867,"rocket_id":1420,"date":"1971-04-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 31","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 7899 (KH-8 Gambit-3 mission 4331), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with two SRVs. Titan 23B from Vandenberg SLC-4W lofted it on 22 April 1971; final flight of the Titan III(23)B.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:20.104Z","spacedevs_id":"cd1d2d27-8d89-4d88-9d6d-3a61389160cf","net":"1971-04-22T15:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-033","gcat_id":"1971-033","payload_mass_kg":3164,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 88% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 23B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-23B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5868,"rocket_id":1096,"date":"1971-04-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Soyuz 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Soyuz 10, the first crewed mission to visit Salyut 1 with cosmonauts Shatalov, Yeliseyev, and Rukavishnikov. Soyuz from Baikonur Site 1/5 launched on 22 April 1971; soft-dock succeeded but hard-dock failed, so the crew returned after about two days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:20.315Z","spacedevs_id":"3a647bf8-2926-4907-b20c-33ee6d91dfd0","net":"1971-04-22T23:54:06.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-034","gcat_id":"1971-034","payload_mass_kg":6560,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5869,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1971-04-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-2M 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 407 (Strela-2M), a Soviet military store-dump communications satellite. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 placed the craft in LEO on 23 April 1971 as part of the Strela constellation for secret messaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:19.887Z","spacedevs_id":"3f366e7b-9211-4775-993a-6bed09014585","net":"1971-04-23T11:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-035","gcat_id":"1971-035","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5870,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1971-04-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"San Marco 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"San Marco 3, an Italian CRS/NASA atmospheric-density research satellite. Scout B from the San Marco equatorial mobile platform off Kenya lofted it on 24 April 1971 into low equatorial orbit for upper-atmosphere measurements.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:09:19.365Z","spacedevs_id":"accb8583-eb33-4b90-9e73-0853c636fc5e","net":"1971-04-24T07:32:29.000Z","pad_name":"San Marco platform","pad_location":"Broglio Space Center, Kenya","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-036","gcat_id":"1971-036","payload_mass_kg":180,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5871,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1971-04-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 41","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 408 (DS-P1-Yu), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite. 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Maiden flight of Titan IIID from Vandenberg SLC-4E; SRV-1 water recovery and SRV-3 parachute loss marked partial film-bucket outcomes.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:18.205Z","spacedevs_id":"869b2d8a-ebd8-43de-bf90-60a9ec0e6620","net":"1971-06-15T18:41:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-056","gcat_id":"1971-056","payload_mass_kg":9356,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID-HEXAGON.png","model":"Titan IIID","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":36,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":12300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5892,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-06-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 20","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 428 (Zenit-2M) with Nauka 1KS piggyback, a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance mission plus science module. Voskhod from Baikonur LC-31/6 placed both in LEO; Zenit recovered about 6 July.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:17.992Z","spacedevs_id":"0942bff5-2986-4d6c-b3b6-41d78ca4cca9","net":"1971-06-24T07:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-057","gcat_id":"1971-057","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5893,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-06-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed Voskhod launch from Plesetsk of a Zenit-4M high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite (would-be Kosmos 429). The rocket failed to orbit the optical imaging payload on 25 June 1971.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:17.780Z","spacedevs_id":"d0f8ed25-97bd-47a3-9e2d-b828a95ad651","net":"1971-06-25T10:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1971-F05","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5894,"rocket_id":1114,"date":"1971-06-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Third flight test of the Soviet N1 lunar rocket from Baikonur LC-110/37, carrying Soyuz 7K-LOK and LK lunar-lander mockups. Roll-control loss near max-Q at about 51 seconds destroyed the vehicle before staging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:17.560Z","spacedevs_id":"e4be286d-77f3-4ee6-b361-fc29d265eebe","net":"1971-06-26T23:15:08.000Z","pad_name":"110/37 (110L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1971-F06","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"N1","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/N1.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":105,"modelfamily":"N1","payloadleo":95000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5895,"rocket_id":1358,"date":"1971-07-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Solrad 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Heliophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 44 (Solrad 10 / SE-C), a NASA Naval Research Laboratory solar-radiation satellite measuring X-ray and ultraviolet emissions for space-weather monitoring. Scout B from Wallops Island LA-3A lofted it into LEO on 8 July 1971.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:17.310Z","spacedevs_id":"0a77db2e-49a9-4961-bde0-54535a3e4fb1","net":"1971-07-08T22:58:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 3A","pad_location":"Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-058","gcat_id":"1971-058","payload_mass_kg":119,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5896,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1971-07-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 9 (20L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 9 (Meteor-M), a Soviet first-generation polar-orbiting weather satellite carrying TV and infrared imaging instruments for cloud and Earth-surface observations. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk LC-43/4 inserted it into sun-synchronous LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:16.818Z","spacedevs_id":"7c4c2364-2a36-434f-b527-620b0df21c10","net":"1971-07-16T01:41:36.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-059","gcat_id":"1971-059","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5897,"rocket_id":1419,"date":"1971-07-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strawman 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 8373 (Strawman 4 / Mission 7167), the final NRO Heavy Ferret ELINT satellite, with Thresher, Reaper, and Harvester SIGINT payloads plus RM 19. Thorad SLV-2H Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-1W placed it in ~500 km LEO; operated over 20 months.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:17.102Z","spacedevs_id":"297ee155-8f7d-4665-b7c4-aa6797c65985","net":"1971-07-16T10:49:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 1W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-060","gcat_id":"1971-060","payload_mass_kg":975,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2H-Agena-D-STRAWMAN.png","model":"Thorad SLV-2H Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2H-Agena-D-Q.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5898,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-07-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 18","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 429 (Zenit-4M), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur LC-31/6 placed the craft in LEO for optical imaging; recovered after about two weeks on 2 August.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:16.603Z","spacedevs_id":"e401bb51-8d27-40e9-82b8-a708aa1859d4","net":"1971-07-20T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-061","gcat_id":"1971-061","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5899,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1971-07-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed Kosmos-3M launch from Plesetsk LC-132/2 carrying a Tselina-O ELINT satellite (would-be Kosmos 430). The vehicle failed to reach orbit, so the payload never received a Kosmos designation.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:16.353Z","spacedevs_id":"8842d8ff-2cb4-4c60-9742-7609aed21654","net":"1971-07-22T13:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1971-F07","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5900,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-07-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 19","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 430 (Zenit-4M), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk LC-43/3 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission; recovered after about two weeks on 5 August.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:16.119Z","spacedevs_id":"eecca7c8-81a8-43e3-ad78-53bcb822f5f1","net":"1971-07-23T11:00:09.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-062","gcat_id":"1971-062","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5901,"rocket_id":1093,"date":"1971-07-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Apollo 15","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Apollo 15 (CSM Endeavour / LM Falcon), NASA's fourth crewed lunar landing with David Scott, Alfred Worden, and James Irwin. Saturn V from Kennedy LC-39A launched on 26 July 1971; first Lunar Roving Vehicle use at Hadley–Apennine, returning about 77 kg of samples.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:48.834Z","spacedevs_id":"71e73ae3-834d-4d9f-a9a8-e88d4fdacddb","net":"1971-07-26T13:34:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 39A","pad_location":"Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-063","gcat_id":"1971-063","payload_mass_kg":48002,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-V-Apollo-J.png","model":"Saturn V","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-V-Apollo.png","provider_manufacturer":"Boeing / North American / Douglas","height":110.6,"modelfamily":"Saturn","payloadleo":140000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5902,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1971-07-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 18","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya 1-18, a Soviet communications satellite in a highly elliptical Molniya orbit for long-dwell northern-hemisphere coverage. Molniya-M (Blok-ML) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 lofted the craft on 28 July 1971.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:48.430Z","spacedevs_id":"0bee68ae-a5b6-425e-bdf7-373602862041","net":"1971-07-28T03:29:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-064","gcat_id":"1971-064","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5903,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 21","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 431 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #21), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 30 July 1971 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:48.085Z","spacedevs_id":"6c19eee0-30fc-4731-a3c8-030264e3bc45","net":"1971-07-30T08:29:54.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-065","gcat_id":"1971-065","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5904,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1971-08-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 44","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed DS-P1-Yu Soviet radar-calibration target satellite. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 on 3 August 1971 suffered a second-stage malfunction about 204 seconds after liftoff and failed to reach orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:47.857Z","spacedevs_id":"c4144174-1ef2-41f8-9618-0d4c2ffb5edc","net":"1971-08-03T11:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1971-F08","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5905,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1971-08-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 20","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 432 (Zenit-4M/Rotor #20), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 5 August 1971 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:47.642Z","spacedevs_id":"b3f6fee0-4520-4778-a1be-7b0ec1572742","net":"1971-08-05T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-066","gcat_id":"1971-066","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5906,"rocket_id":1244,"date":"1971-08-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"LOADS 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OV1-20 and OV1-21 plus densitometry secondary payloads (LOADS-2/Cannonball-2, RTDS, Gridsphere, LCS-4), U.S. Air Force ionospheric and atmospheric research satellites. Atlas F OV1 from Vandenberg BMRS-A2 lofted the stack on 7 August 1971.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:07:47.431Z","spacedevs_id":"25b83aa3-91d7-4579-925d-094c9e025bad","net":"1971-08-07T00:11:00.000Z","pad_name":"576A2","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-067","gcat_id":"1971-067","payload_mass_kg":1109,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 57% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-F-OV1-LOADS-2.png","model":"SM-65F Atlas","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-E.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":20,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5907,"rocket_id":1352,"date":"1971-08-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"OGCh 24","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 433 (OGCh #24), a Soviet Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) test warhead. 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Vostok-2M from Plesetsk LC-41/1 placed the craft in polar LEO; also tested SPD-60 plasma thrusters.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:36.387Z","spacedevs_id":"85057a6c-d8a2-4fc9-8a01-aea3186b5b4c","net":"1971-12-29T10:50:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1971-120","gcat_id":"1971-120","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5965,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-01-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 30","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 471 (Zenit-4M #30, Rotor #30), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur LC-31/6 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission for military intelligence.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:36.091Z","spacedevs_id":"812c97f0-1441-48e3-8db2-4ca8bd2a7746","net":"1972-01-12T09:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-001","gcat_id":"1972-001","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5966,"rocket_id":1440,"date":"1972-01-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-9 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-9 2 (Hexagon 2, Mission 1202, OPS 1737), the second NRO film-return panoramic photoreconnaissance satellite, with secondary Mabeli. Titan IIID from Vandenberg SLC-4E placed the large craft in sun-synchronous LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:35.873Z","spacedevs_id":"22a27d95-f9f4-4eaf-b890-4b473d3bb474","net":"1972-01-20T18:36:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-002","gcat_id":"1972-002","payload_mass_kg":9193,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID-HEXAGON.png","model":"Titan IIID","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":36,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":12300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5967,"rocket_id":1260,"date":"1972-01-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"INTELSAT IV F4","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat IV F-4, a Hughes-built commercial geostationary communications satellite for the Intelsat consortium. Atlas SLV-3C Centaur from Cape Canaveral LC-36B delivered the craft to GEO for international telephone and TV relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:35.576Z","spacedevs_id":"099c5087-5b4d-440e-8257-2356a2c9d0a3","net":"1972-01-23T00:12:04.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-003","gcat_id":"1972-003","payload_mass_kg":1408,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur-Intelsat-IV.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5968,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1972-01-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 50","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 472 (DS-P1-Yu #50), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for space-surveillance and early-warning radars. 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Delta L from Vandenberg SLC-2E delivered the ~108 kg craft into a deep polar elliptical orbit; final Delta L flight.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:35.044Z","spacedevs_id":"97b73b41-780e-45ad-ab01-6b885f51781f","net":"1972-01-31T17:20:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-005","gcat_id":"1972-005","payload_mass_kg":117,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta L","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-L.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5970,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-02-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 25","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 473 (Zenit-2M #25, Gektor #25), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Proton-K/Blok-D from Baikonur LC-81/24 sent the lander to the Apollonius highlands, which returned lunar soil to Earth.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:34.574Z","spacedevs_id":"319fd570-5480-4349-bc5f-01af7e03efeb","net":"1972-02-14T03:27:59.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-007","gcat_id":"1972-007","payload_mass_kg":4701,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 99% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Luna-E8.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5972,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-02-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 31","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 474 (Zenit-4M #31, Rotor #31), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur LC-31/6 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission for military intelligence.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:34.167Z","spacedevs_id":"d695a4e6-3283-4d51-85d8-786021e8ece2","net":"1972-02-16T09:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-008","gcat_id":"1972-008","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5973,"rocket_id":1422,"date":"1972-02-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Jumpseat 2","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Failure","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Jumpseat 2 (OPS 1844), a U.S. NRO SIGINT satellite intended for a Molniya-type orbit to monitor Soviet northern radars and communications. Titan 33B/Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W failed, destroying the payload (COSPAR 1972-F01).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:34.361Z","spacedevs_id":"f2d69be1-aea3-4f72-ac99-98e4b8ee3fcd","net":"1972-02-16T09:59:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1972-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 33B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-33B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5974,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1972-02-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zaliv 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 475 (Zaliv #10), a Soviet Tsiklon Doppler navigation satellite for military position-fixing. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk LC-132/2 placed the ~800 kg craft in a near-circular ~1000 km LEO orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:33.964Z","spacedevs_id":"0fe8060b-c430-4a6a-a3bf-99356359bda5","net":"1972-02-25T07:52:29.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-009","gcat_id":"1972-009","payload_mass_kg":680,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5975,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1972-03-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DSP 3","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DSP 3 (OPS 1570), a Phase I Defense Support Program infrared early-warning satellite for detecting ICBM and SLBM launches. Titan IIIC from Cape Canaveral LC-40 placed the ~900 kg TRW craft in GEO; it remained on station for over nine years.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:32.928Z","spacedevs_id":"119bd31c-e496-4c03-81b0-15d5265de5e5","net":"1972-03-01T09:39:28.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 40","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-010","gcat_id":"1972-010","payload_mass_kg":903,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC-DSP.png","model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5976,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1972-03-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-D 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 476 (Tselina-D #3), a Soviet detailed electronic-intelligence satellite for mapping and classifying radio emitters. Vostok-2M from Plesetsk LC-43/4 placed the ~2 t craft in LEO for the Tselina dual-satellite ELINT system.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:33.701Z","spacedevs_id":"cc86d9be-2554-40ab-8f14-c1a0daa0abf2","net":"1972-03-01T11:15:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-011","gcat_id":"1972-011","payload_mass_kg":1750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5977,"rocket_id":1260,"date":"1972-03-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pioneer 10","orbit":"Solar Esc.","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer 10 (Pioneer F), NASA’s first probe aimed through the asteroid belt to Jupiter and on a solar-system escape trajectory. Atlas SLV-3C Centaur (AC-27) with Star 37E from Cape Canaveral LC-36A lofted the RTG-powered craft on 3 March 1972; it became the first spacecraft to leave the Solar System.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:36.067Z","spacedevs_id":"0d1a8e13-a5c5-42f6-9a89-7b6e4663c5a2","net":"1972-03-03T01:49:04.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-012","gcat_id":"1972-012","payload_mass_kg":340,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur-Pioneer-10.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5978,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-03-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 26","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 477 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #26) with Nauka 14KS No. 1L, a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite plus secondary science package. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO on 4 March 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:35.857Z","spacedevs_id":"8b090850-8f94-464e-8a5d-c7d4ed45164e","net":"1972-03-04T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-013","gcat_id":"1972-013","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5979,"rocket_id":1411,"date":"1972-03-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"TD-1A","orbit":"PO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"TD-1A (Thor-Delta 1A), ESRO’s first astronomical satellite, carrying ultraviolet, X-ray, and gamma-ray instruments for a full-sky stellar survey. Thor Delta N from Vandenberg SLC-2E lofted the craft into polar LEO on 12 March 1972 (final Delta N flight); it catalogued ~15,000 UV sources.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:35.559Z","spacedevs_id":"7ee1e351-bafc-441b-b08c-7c69d987fb13","net":"1972-03-12T01:55:08.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-014","gcat_id":"1972-014","payload_mass_kg":475,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Delta N","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Delta-N.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":33,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5980,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-03-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 32","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 478 (Zenit-4M/Rotor #32), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in LEO on 15 March 1972 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:35.343Z","spacedevs_id":"f3268fff-afa1-4918-abee-fd8752c5bf0c","net":"1972-03-15T13:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-015","gcat_id":"1972-015","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5981,"rocket_id":1421,"date":"1972-03-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 34","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 Gambit-3 No. 34 (Mission 4334 / OPS 1678), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with recoverable capsules. Titan 24B from Vandenberg SLC-4W lofted the craft into polar LEO on 17 March 1972 for a ~25-day imaging mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:35.063Z","spacedevs_id":"0b55686a-8442-44cd-996d-dcc5000e4f47","net":"1972-03-17T17:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-016","gcat_id":"1972-016","payload_mass_kg":3142,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 89% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 24B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-24B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5982,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1972-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 479 (Tselina-O #14), a Soviet military electronic-intelligence (ELINT) satellite for mapping foreign radar emitters. Kosmos-3M (11K65M) from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the craft in LEO on 22 March 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:34.851Z","spacedevs_id":"2bd5f693-3117-4397-82cf-3fd67b8f3bdf","net":"1972-03-22T20:30:59.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-017","gcat_id":"1972-017","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5983,"rocket_id":1396,"date":"1972-03-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DMSP-5B F2","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DMSP Block 5B F-2 (OPS 5058), a U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program weather satellite for military cloud-cover and tactical weather support. 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Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO on 30 March 1972 for civil Earth-observation weather service.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:03:33.432Z","spacedevs_id":"d115c282-016c-4c1a-b7e6-ef5640990d66","net":"1972-03-30T14:05:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-022","gcat_id":"1972-022","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":5988,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1972-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Venera-9a","orbit":"Venus","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 482 (4V-1 No. 671), a Soviet Venera-class Venus lander intended as companion to Venera 8. 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store-and-forward communications.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:51.910Z","spacedevs_id":"9f9d1678-40af-4b60-884e-6618a24a8e85","net":"1972-05-06T11:24:51.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-035","gcat_id":"1972-035","payload_mass_kg":680,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6002,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-05-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 28","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 490 (Zenit-2M #28, Gektor #28) with co-manifested Nauka-1KS science module, a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk placed the craft in LEO for short-duration optical imaging plus science experiments.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:22.889Z","spacedevs_id":"681374f4-0281-4459-8846-83a11ef69972","net":"1972-05-17T10:19:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-036","gcat_id":"1972-036","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6003,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1972-05-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-2 2","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-2 2, a Soviet second-generation communications satellite in highly elliptical Molniya orbit. Molniya-M from Plesetsk delivered the craft for civilian and military TV and telecommunications relay with long dwell over northern latitudes.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:22.663Z","spacedevs_id":"e7adbd43-2c8d-4361-8bb4-0e0cf82c7a0b","net":"1972-05-19T14:30:03.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-037","gcat_id":"1972-037","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6004,"rocket_id":1421,"date":"1972-05-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 35","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed KH-8 Gambit-3 Mission 4335 (OPS 6574), a U.S. high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Titan 24B Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W lost the craft when an Agena pneumatic regulator failed, preventing orbit insertion; debris later fell over the UK.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:22.400Z","spacedevs_id":"80d54a73-a38e-4254-96b2-24e48bcdc3aa","net":"1972-05-20T15:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1972-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 24B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-24B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6005,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-05-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 35","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 491 (Zenit-4M #35, Rotor #35), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission for military intelligence collection.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:21.975Z","spacedevs_id":"1afd0c12-9836-4ee6-bf3c-34462f3b0255","net":"1972-05-25T06:35:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-038","gcat_id":"1972-038","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6006,"rocket_id":1419,"date":"1972-05-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-4B 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-4B Mission 1117 (Corona 145 / OPS 6371), a U.S. film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Thorad SLV-2H Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-3W placed the craft in LEO; this was the final flight of the Thorad-Agena launch vehicle.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:22.191Z","spacedevs_id":"a6d522f7-6261-4058-8bd4-53ff240a91ca","net":"1972-05-25T18:41:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 3W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-039","gcat_id":"1972-039","payload_mass_kg":744,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 78% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thorad SLV-2H Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thorad-SLV-2H-Agena-D-Q.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6007,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-06-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 36","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 492 (Zenit-4M #36, Rotor #36), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission for military intelligence collection.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:21.767Z","spacedevs_id":"95de9c95-e548-49b8-88bd-aad2aa3f79ad","net":"1972-06-09T06:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-040","gcat_id":"1972-040","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6008,"rocket_id":1260,"date":"1972-06-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"INTELSAT IV F5","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat IV F-5, a Hughes-built commercial geostationary communications satellite for the Intelsat consortium. Atlas SLV-3C Centaur (AC-29) from Cape Canaveral LC-36B delivered the craft to GEO for international telephone and TV relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:21.557Z","spacedevs_id":"bb3a3813-0617-4d4a-b432-9b0f8e79a7a7","net":"1972-06-13T21:53:04.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-041","gcat_id":"1972-041","payload_mass_kg":1416,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur-Intelsat-IV.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3C Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3C-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6009,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-06-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 29","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 493 (Zenit-2M #29, Gektor #29), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur placed the craft in LEO for short-duration optical imaging for military intelligence.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:21.351Z","spacedevs_id":"5be766d9-831c-41d3-8ff6-9095a7db3652","net":"1972-06-21T06:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-042","gcat_id":"1972-042","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6010,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1972-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-2M 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 494 (Strela-2M #5), a Soviet military store-and-dump communications satellite for the Strela constellation. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the craft in LEO for store-forward military message relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:20.742Z","spacedevs_id":"49e9e61b-06c5-48cc-857c-cbd1254f56bd","net":"1972-06-23T09:24:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-043","gcat_id":"1972-043","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6011,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 37","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 495 (Zenit-4M #37, Rotor #37), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission for military intelligence collection.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:21.061Z","spacedevs_id":"bdc319ac-82d2-4748-a449-1d51a82f6062","net":"1972-06-23T11:19:57.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-044","gcat_id":"1972-044","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6012,"rocket_id":1096,"date":"1972-06-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Kosmos 496","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 496, the first uncrewed orbital test of the redesigned Soyuz 7K-T after the Soyuz 11 disaster. Soyuz 11A511 from Baikonur Site 1/5 flew a six-day autonomous check of the safer two-crew configuration and pressure-suit recovery systems.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:20.340Z","spacedevs_id":"542e8591-cdc9-4547-82ad-a50edccd6cce","net":"1972-06-26T14:53:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-045","gcat_id":"1972-045","payload_mass_kg":6800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6013,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1972-06-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Prognoz-2","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Heliophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Prognoz 2 (SO-M No. 2), a Soviet highly elliptical solar-and-magnetosphere research satellite studying solar activity and its effects on interplanetary space. Molniya-M from Baikonur delivered the ~845 kg craft into a deep elliptical orbit (~517 × 201,000 km).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:20.122Z","spacedevs_id":"77a86aa9-dcf5-454e-9f06-5d1cea6204d9","net":"1972-06-29T03:47:35.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-046","gcat_id":"1972-046","payload_mass_kg":1173,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-SOL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6014,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1972-06-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U3-IK 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Heliophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos 7 (DS-U3-IK #3), an international socialist-bloc solar-physics satellite measuring solar UV and X-ray effects on Earth's upper atmosphere with East European experiments. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar Site 86/4 placed the ~375 kg sun-pointed craft in LEO on 30 June 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:16.016Z","spacedevs_id":"6f492d83-fce6-4cc4-94a8-da5cd9c3876a","net":"1972-06-30T05:58:41.000Z","pad_name":"86/4","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-047","gcat_id":"1972-047","payload_mass_kg":301,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6015,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1972-06-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-I 13","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 497 (DS-P1-I #13), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite complementary to the DS-P1-Yu series for space-surveillance and early-warning practice. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the ~195 kg craft in LEO on 30 June 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:16.229Z","spacedevs_id":"f5057fdd-a8b9-4a1c-83a6-467bc4ed9847","net":"1972-06-30T09:19:49.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-048","gcat_id":"1972-048","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6016,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1972-06-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 12 (26L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":2,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 12, a Soviet first-generation meteorological satellite for cloud-cover imaging and weather data relay. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk placed the craft in LEO for operational Earth-observation meteorology (COSPAR 1972-049A).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:19.894Z","spacedevs_id":"c64f43f5-2b1a-4a9d-9416-e9619c1ed3bf","net":"1972-06-30T18:52:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-049","gcat_id":"1972-049","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6017,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1972-07-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 55","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 498 (DS-P1-Yu #55), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for space-surveillance and early-warning radar practice. 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Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 6 July 1972 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T15:01:15.305Z","spacedevs_id":"fd2ee56e-39f9-4c95-9d18-b527478f5493","net":"1972-07-06T10:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-051","gcat_id":"1972-051","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6019,"rocket_id":1440,"date":"1972-07-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-9 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-9 Hexagon 3 (Mission 1203, OPS 7293), a U.S. NRO wide-area film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with four recoverable capsules, plus secondary ELINT subsatellite Ursala 1 (OPS 7803). 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Delta 0300 from Vandenberg SLC-2W placed both in sun-synchronous LEO for meteorological imaging and OSCAR-6 store-and-forward communications.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:28.087Z","spacedevs_id":"ea24a82f-39e9-4ea0-b010-20215b620658","net":"1972-10-15T17:19:19.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-082","gcat_id":"1972-082","payload_mass_kg":327,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 0300","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-0300.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6052,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1972-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-2M 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed Strela-2M (#6) military store-dump communications satellite for the Soviet Strela constellation. 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Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 18 October 1972 for a short optical imaging mission; it decayed 29 October 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:27.518Z","spacedevs_id":"658d3dbd-226e-4113-a31f-b9cb46511a7e","net":"1972-10-18T11:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-083","gcat_id":"1972-083","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6054,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1972-10-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 59","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 526 (DS-P1-Yu #59), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for air-defense and space-tracking practice. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the Dnepropetrovsk craft in LEO on 25 October 1972; it decayed 8 April 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:27.300Z","spacedevs_id":"5f9b9e22-1fa5-4cf2-83a9-b5f6b1eaec17","net":"1972-10-25T10:39:57.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-084","gcat_id":"1972-084","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6055,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1972-10-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 13 (25L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 13 (25L), a Soviet first-generation meteorological satellite carrying visible and infrared TV imagers plus a radiation-budget sensor for weather observation. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the ~2.2 t craft in polar LEO on 26 October 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:27.082Z","spacedevs_id":"8670ea62-0f8d-4fdf-9da5-3314d432ab98","net":"1972-10-26T22:05:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-085","gcat_id":"1972-085","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6056,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-10-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 9","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 527 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #9), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Kosmos-3M (11K65M) from Plesetsk Site 132/2 deployed all eight in LEO on 1 November 1972 for low-data-rate message relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:26.542Z","spacedevs_id":"cb59d8d4-f918-4745-ad1e-cde98026018c","net":"1972-11-01T02:08:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-087","gcat_id":"1972-087","payload_mass_kg":480,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6058,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1972-11-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 16","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 536 (Tselina-O #16), a Soviet military electronic-intelligence (ELINT) satellite for mapping foreign radar emitters. 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Thor-LV2F Burner-2A from Vandenberg SLC-10W placed the craft in sun-synchronous LEO on 9 November 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:26.045Z","spacedevs_id":"651bf471-d1a4-4288-a160-388abdf9b9ba","net":"1972-11-09T03:23:46.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 10W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-089","gcat_id":"1972-089","payload_mass_kg":192,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Burner 2A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Burner-2A.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6060,"rocket_id":1282,"date":"1972-11-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Anik A1","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Anik A1 (Telesat-1), Canada's first domestic geostationary communications satellite and the world's first national domestic GEO comsat, with 12 C-band transponders for telephone and TV. 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Scout D-1 from the San Marco platform off Kenya placed the craft in near-equatorial LEO on 15 November 1972; the telescope worked until a power-supply failure in June 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:25.430Z","spacedevs_id":"3b7977b9-e8d7-4650-859c-48e454f1be9e","net":"1972-11-15T22:13:46.000Z","pad_name":"San Marco platform","pad_location":"Broglio Space Center, Kenya","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-091","gcat_id":"1972-091","payload_mass_kg":174,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-D-1-F.png","model":"Scout D-1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-D-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":183,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6062,"rocket_id":1360,"date":"1972-11-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ESRO 4","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ESRO 4, a European Space Research Organisation ionosphere and magnetosphere research satellite measuring neutral/ion densities, auroral particles, and solar particles. Scout D-1 from Vandenberg SLC-5 lofted the ~130 kg spin-stabilized craft into polar elliptical orbit on 22 November 1972; it reentered after a successful mission on 15 April 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:25.155Z","spacedevs_id":"fe0e3b37-d0b6-4ac0-aec7-bbcf7c25ab51","net":"1972-11-22T00:17:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-092","gcat_id":"1972-092","payload_mass_kg":115,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-D-1-F.png","model":"Scout D-1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-D-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":183,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6063,"rocket_id":1114,"date":"1972-11-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Soyuz 7K-LOK No.2","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Fourth and final flight of the Soviet N1 lunar rocket (serial 7L), carrying a Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1 and dummy LK lunar module for an uncrewed Moon-flyby test. Lift-off from Baikonur Site 110L on 23 November 1972 went well until ~T+107 s, when first-stage engine-feed rupture and fire destroyed the vehicle just before planned stage separation.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:24.932Z","spacedevs_id":"6fb7a93d-3c5d-412d-8fe5-c21f01efab1f","net":"1972-11-23T06:11:55.000Z","pad_name":"110/37 (110L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1972-F07","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/N1-7L.png","model":"N1","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/N1.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":105,"modelfamily":"N1","payloadleo":95000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6064,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1972-11-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 34","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 537 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #34), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 25 November 1972 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule; it decayed 7 December 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:24.714Z","spacedevs_id":"050a162f-da82-4b86-8923-fd8a9fcf50fd","net":"1972-11-25T09:10:01.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-093","gcat_id":"1972-093","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6065,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1972-11-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U1-IK 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos 8 (DS-U1-IK #2), an international socialist-bloc scientific satellite studying Earth's ionosphere with East European electron- and ion-density experiments. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the ~340 kg battery-powered craft in LEO on 30 November 1972.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:59:24.428Z","spacedevs_id":"b4b6de3c-497a-4fda-b41e-f832c35d4ba7","net":"1972-11-30T21:49:57.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-094","gcat_id":"1972-094","payload_mass_kg":287,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6066,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1972-12-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 22","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 22, a Soviet high-elliptical-orbit communications satellite launched on a Molniya-M from Baikonur for military and civil relay over high-latitude regions.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:45.758Z","spacedevs_id":"4cb3985d-81dd-492b-b2d0-ed8dd3289fe9","net":"1972-12-02T04:39:57.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1972-095","gcat_id":"1972-095","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6067,"rocket_id":1093,"date":"1972-12-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Apollo 17","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Apollo 17 (CSM America / LM Challenger), the final crewed lunar landing of the Apollo program; 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Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission recovered 20 March 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:39.840Z","spacedevs_id":"5957daf7-4ece-46bc-8aec-a071011be6b5","net":"1973-03-06T09:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-012","gcat_id":"1973-012","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6090,"rocket_id":1259,"date":"1973-03-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Aquacade 2","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Rhyolite 2 (Aquacade 2 / OPS 6063), a US Air Force geosynchronous ELINT satellite for intercepting missile telemetry and communications. Atlas SLV-3A Agena-D from Cape Canaveral SLC-13 placed the craft in GEO on 6 March 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:40.091Z","spacedevs_id":"9cf4be48-8981-4368-8860-f169cfbd47d0","net":"1973-03-06T09:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 13","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-013","gcat_id":"1973-013","payload_mass_kg":700,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3A-Agena-D-Rhyolite.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3A-Agena-D-CANYON.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6091,"rocket_id":1440,"date":"1973-03-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-9 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-9 5 (Hexagon 5 / Mission 1205 / OPS 8410), a U.S. NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, the fifth Hexagon Big Bird wide-area mapper. Titan IIID from Vandenberg SLC-4E lofted the craft into a near-polar LEO on 9 March 1973 for a roughly two-month imaging mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:47.337Z","spacedevs_id":"ef22ab88-91f1-4f9c-a17f-07e778e8b2ae","net":"1973-03-09T21:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-014","gcat_id":"1973-014","payload_mass_kg":9527,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 72% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID-HEXAGON.png","model":"Titan IIID","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":36,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":12300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6092,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1973-03-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 14 (29L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 14, a Soviet first-generation civilian weather satellite for cloud-cover imaging and meteorological observations. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO on 20 March 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:47.125Z","spacedevs_id":"4196e20d-28ef-476f-afa5-1ce96f080ad2","net":"1973-03-20T11:20:02.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-015","gcat_id":"1973-015","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6093,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 36","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 552 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #36), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with a co-manifested Nauka technology module. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 22 March 1973 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:46.897Z","spacedevs_id":"a367e6db-92e1-40b4-beca-596bbef3758f","net":"1973-03-22T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-016","gcat_id":"1973-016","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6094,"rocket_id":1095,"date":"1973-04-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Salyut-2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Salyut 2 (OPS-1 / Almaz), the first Soviet Almaz military space station, flown under the Salyut cover name. Proton-K from Baikonur Site 81/23 successfully placed the station in LEO on 3 April 1973, but debris from the spent upper stage later struck and depressurized it before any crew could visit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:46.688Z","spacedevs_id":"b5bf925c-5053-4ba6-bae3-4c3fa5132874","net":"1973-04-03T09:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-017","gcat_id":"1973-017","payload_mass_kg":19078,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Almaz-OPS.png","model":"Proton-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Proton-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":50,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":21600,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6095,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1973-04-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-2 5","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-2 5, a Soviet high-elliptical-orbit civil communications satellite for the YeSSS network, carrying telephony and television traffic across the USSR. Molniya-M (Blok-ML) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft into a Molniya orbit on 5 April 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:46.480Z","spacedevs_id":"aedc0204-89fe-4de4-89b5-e1221a20ec03","net":"1973-04-05T11:11:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-018","gcat_id":"1973-018","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6096,"rocket_id":1261,"date":"1973-04-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Pioneer 11","orbit":"Solar Esc.","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Pioneer 11 (Pioneer G), NASA's second outer-planet probe, first spacecraft to visit Saturn and second to fly by Jupiter. Atlas SLV-3D Centaur-D1A with Star-37E from Cape Canaveral SLC-36B launched on 6 April 1973 on a solar-escape trajectory; maiden flight of the Atlas SLV-3D Centaur.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:46.190Z","spacedevs_id":"7d7b6f9c-4e6f-40f5-8b53-2430282f9b81","net":"1973-04-06T02:11:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-019","gcat_id":"1973-019","payload_mass_kg":340,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3D Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6097,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1973-04-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 61","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 553 (DS-P1-Yu #61), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for air-defense and space-tracking practice. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the Dnepropetrovsk craft in LEO on 12 April 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:45.977Z","spacedevs_id":"0367fda6-c1d7-4073-8f07-1d06ebd2b8d3","net":"1973-04-12T11:49:55.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-020","gcat_id":"1973-020","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6098,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-04-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 554 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #11), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 19 April 1973 for a short optical imaging mission; the satellite was later destroyed in orbit after deactivation.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:45.449Z","spacedevs_id":"4ace48e1-a527-4ec8-b4ac-0471d544af59","net":"1973-04-19T08:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-021","gcat_id":"1973-021","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6099,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1973-04-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-IK 3 & Kopernik-500","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos 9 (Kopernik 500 / DS-U2-IK #3), a Polish-Soviet scientific satellite studying solar radio-frequency radiation and Earth's ionosphere under the Interkosmos program. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Kapustin Yar Site 86/4 placed the craft in LEO on 19 April 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:45.768Z","spacedevs_id":"eb04ce84-7135-46b1-b219-55dff758c5cf","net":"1973-04-19T10:19:58.000Z","pad_name":"86/4","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-022","gcat_id":"1973-022","payload_mass_kg":256,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6100,"rocket_id":1282,"date":"1973-04-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Anik A2","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Anik A2 (Telesat-2), Canada's second domestic geostationary communications satellite for Telesat, providing telephone and television coverage. Delta 1914 from Cape Canaveral SLC-17B lofted the Hughes HS-333 craft on 20 April 1973 into GSO, where it served nearly a decade.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:45.238Z","spacedevs_id":"cbebb006-656f-4138-95a9-25fb97ad56c1","net":"1973-04-20T23:47:03.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-023","gcat_id":"1973-023","payload_mass_kg":544,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 1914","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-1914.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":1835,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6101,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1973-04-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-A 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed Soviet US-A #5 (RORSAT) ocean-surveillance satellite with a BES-5 nuclear reactor, intended as the fifth active-radar naval reconnaissance craft. Tsiklon-2 from Baikonur Site 90 failed on 25 April 1973 from an engine malfunction, so the payload never reached orbit and received no Kosmos number.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:44.796Z","spacedevs_id":"9c95712a-a417-4098-b0b0-a4d337bd9834","net":"1973-04-25T09:10:00.000Z","pad_name":"90","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1973-U01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-US-A.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6102,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-04-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 37","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 555 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #37), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with a co-manifested Nauka science module. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 25 April 1973 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:45.026Z","spacedevs_id":"bbbc3b80-557e-4169-b0ce-d09d30c0bb0c","net":"1973-04-25T10:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-024","gcat_id":"1973-024","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6103,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-05-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 12","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 556 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #12), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO on 5 May 1973 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:57:44.437Z","spacedevs_id":"08d2e9f9-2018-4133-a042-e4fcc4281401","net":"1973-05-05T07:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-025","gcat_id":"1973-025","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6104,"rocket_id":1095,"date":"1973-05-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Salyut-3a","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 557 (DOS-3), a Soviet civilian space station launched on a Proton-K from Baikonur three days before Skylab; 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Soyuz-M (11A511M) from Plesetsk placed the craft in LEO for a short recoverable imaging mission through 9 July 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:56:08.653Z","spacedevs_id":"98ed1798-41a5-4a66-8719-58202e5c0912","net":"1973-06-27T11:50:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-044","gcat_id":"1973-044","payload_mass_kg":6680,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":50,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6600,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6126,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-07-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 51","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed Soviet Zenit-4M high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance mission from Plesetsk Site 43. The Voskhod launch vehicle failed during ascent on 4 July 1973 and did not place the would-be Kosmos reconnaissance payload in orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:56:08.434Z","spacedevs_id":"c887fd87-35c3-40b9-a885-6ee965960145","net":"1973-07-04T10:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1973-F05","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6127,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1973-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-2 6","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya 2-6, a Soviet military and civilian communications satellite in highly elliptical Molniya orbit providing long-dwell coverage of northern latitudes. Molniya-M (Blok-2BL) from Plesetsk delivered the craft for domestic TV and military relay service.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:56:07.750Z","spacedevs_id":"0e32d841-7c1c-4bd6-b42e-e10318ec7bd8","net":"1973-07-11T09:58:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-045","gcat_id":"1973-045","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6128,"rocket_id":1440,"date":"1973-07-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-9 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 8261 (KH-9 Hexagon Mission 1206 / KH-9 6), an NRO/CIA wide-area film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Titan IIID from Vandenberg SLC-4E placed the Big Bird craft in sun-synchronous LEO for a ~91-day imaging mission ending 12 October 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:56:07.498Z","spacedevs_id":"b5ad62b5-03dd-4479-9b43-7ea3e061ce9b","net":"1973-07-13T20:22:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-046","gcat_id":"1973-046","payload_mass_kg":9526,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 72% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID-HEXAGON.png","model":"Titan IIID","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":36,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":12300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6129,"rocket_id":1275,"date":"1973-07-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ITOS E","orbit":"SSO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ITOS E, a NOAA/NASA Improved TIROS Operational System weather satellite intended for global cloud and temperature imaging. Delta 0300 from Vandenberg SLC-2W failed on 16 July 1973 when the second stage malfunctioned, destroying the RCA craft before orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:56:00.868Z","spacedevs_id":"fa85c4d7-d413-49d9-a32e-b5c0d56c5a7b","net":"1973-07-16T17:10:21.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1973-F06","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 0300","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-0300.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6130,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1973-07-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mars-4","orbit":"Mars","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mars 4 (M-73 Orbiter #1), a Soviet Lavochkin Mars orbiter, first of the 1973 Mars quartet. Proton-K Blok-D from Baikonur LC-81/23 launched on 21 July 1973; its retro-engine later failed, so the craft flew past Mars instead of entering orbit and returned limited flyby imagery.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:56:00.649Z","spacedevs_id":"738a3feb-03e8-414e-9865-14b094dcdbd8","net":"1973-07-21T19:30:59.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-047","gcat_id":"1973-047","payload_mass_kg":3440,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Mars.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6131,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-07-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 52","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 577 (Zenit-4M/Rotor #52), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 25 July 1973 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:56:00.224Z","spacedevs_id":"5503cb8d-8712-4195-854f-238b8aaec02c","net":"1973-07-25T11:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-048","gcat_id":"1973-048","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6132,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1973-07-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mars-5","orbit":"Mars","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mars 5 (M-73 Orbiter #2), a Soviet Lavochkin Mars orbiter, second of the 1973 Mars quartet. Proton-K Blok-D from Baikonur LC-81/24 launched on 25 July 1973; it later entered Mars orbit and returned imaging and atmospheric data before failing after roughly three weeks.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:56:00.434Z","spacedevs_id":"c763084e-6482-4d62-bd7c-65a7782584a6","net":"1973-07-25T18:55:48.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-049","gcat_id":"1973-049","payload_mass_kg":3440,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Mars.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6133,"rocket_id":1163,"date":"1973-07-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Skylab 3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Skylab 3 (Apollo CSM-117 / SLM-2), the second crewed mission to Skylab with astronauts Alan Bean, Owen Garriott, and Jack Lousma. Saturn IB SA-207 from Kennedy LC-39B launched on 28 July 1973 for a then-record 59-day stay, deploying a permanent sunshade and conducting extensive science.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:55:59.887Z","spacedevs_id":"757d0fba-575b-43cb-b6de-b143758f66ec","net":"1973-07-28T11:10:50.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 39B","pad_location":"Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-050","gcat_id":"1973-050","payload_mass_kg":14168,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-IB-White-Tanks.png","model":"Saturn IB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-IB-Apollo.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler / Douglas","height":43.2,"modelfamily":"Saturn","payloadleo":21000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6134,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-08-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 40","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 578 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #40), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 1 August 1973 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:55:59.660Z","spacedevs_id":"ba1b887d-a711-469a-87c7-07efa42189ce","net":"1973-08-01T14:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-051","gcat_id":"1973-051","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6135,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1973-08-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mars-6","orbit":"Mars flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mars 6 (M-73 Lander #1), a Soviet Lavochkin Mars flyby bus with detachable lander, third of the 1973 Mars quartet. Proton-K Blok-D from Baikonur LC-81/23 launched on 5 August 1973; the lander later returned limited descent data before contact was lost near the surface.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:55:59.460Z","spacedevs_id":"a7feed06-e595-44e4-96d1-61acfe824098","net":"1973-08-05T17:45:48.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-052","gcat_id":"1973-052","payload_mass_kg":4470,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Mars.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6136,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1973-08-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Mars-7","orbit":"Mars flyby","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Mars 7 (M-73 Lander #2), a Soviet Lavochkin Mars flyby bus with detachable lander, fourth of the 1973 Mars quartet. Proton-K Blok-D from Baikonur LC-81/24 launched on 9 August 1973; the lander later missed Mars by about 1,300 km after a premature separation.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:55:59.252Z","spacedevs_id":"2a435650-0d8d-4460-a95b-866c3c55164b","net":"1973-08-09T17:00:17.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-053","gcat_id":"1973-053","payload_mass_kg":4470,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Mars.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6137,"rocket_id":1396,"date":"1973-08-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DMSP-5B F4","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DMSP-5B F4 (OPS 8364 / DSAP-5B F4), a U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Block 5B weather satellite for military cloud and environmental imaging. Thor-LV2F Burner-2A from Vandenberg SLC-10W placed the craft in sun-synchronous orbit on 17 August 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:55:59.036Z","spacedevs_id":"4b1496a3-1b02-4752-afb0-81768e786334","net":"1973-08-17T04:49:12.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 10W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-054","gcat_id":"1973-054","payload_mass_kg":192,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Burner 2A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Burner-2A.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6138,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-08-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 53","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 579 (Zenit-4M/Rotor #53), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO on 21 August 1973 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:55:58.599Z","spacedevs_id":"2d1696bc-877b-4ea2-bc3d-6f46a127b0d1","net":"1973-08-21T12:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-055","gcat_id":"1973-055","payload_mass_kg":6000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6139,"rocket_id":1422,"date":"1973-08-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Jumpseat 3","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Jumpseat 3 (OPS 7724 / Mission 7703), a U.S. NRO SIGINT satellite for intercepting Soviet radar and microwave communications from a highly elliptical Molniya-type orbit. 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Atlas SLV-3D Centaur from Cape Canaveral SLC-36B launched on 3 November 1973 for heliocentric flybys of Venus (gravity assist) and three Mercury encounters.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:54:21.847Z","spacedevs_id":"30d2cf7b-1a41-4887-88c7-c5559be70c33","net":"1973-11-03T05:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-085","gcat_id":"1973-085","payload_mass_kg":502,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur-Standard-Fairing.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3D Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6170,"rocket_id":1275,"date":"1973-11-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"NOAA 3","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"NOAA 3 (ITOS-F), a NOAA/NASA Improved TIROS Operational System weather satellite for global cloud and temperature imaging. Delta 0300 from Vandenberg SLC-2W lofted the RCA craft into sun-synchronous LEO on 6 November 1973; final flight of the Delta 0100 series.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:54:21.618Z","spacedevs_id":"100d627c-4835-4fe2-a3b4-8e17c0ff6765","net":"1973-11-06T17:02:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-086","gcat_id":"1973-086","payload_mass_kg":340,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 0300","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-0300.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":34,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6171,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1973-11-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 607 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #17), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 10 November 1973 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:54:21.109Z","spacedevs_id":"807a0e94-5c10-4ca0-a140-c271a7242080","net":"1973-11-10T12:38:27.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-087","gcat_id":"1973-087","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6172,"rocket_id":1440,"date":"1973-11-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-9 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"OPS 6630 (KH-9 Hexagon 7 / Mission 1207), a U.S. NRO large-format film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with Ursula 2 (OPS 7705) and P-801 SIGINT subsatellites. Titan IIID from Vandenberg SLC-4E lofted the stack into polar LEO on 10 November 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:54:21.413Z","spacedevs_id":"3e7753f8-bd26-42c2-843a-ccde5c5f3d24","net":"1973-11-10T20:12:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-088","gcat_id":"1973-088","payload_mass_kg":11199,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 74% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID-HEXAGON.png","model":"Titan IIID","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":36,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":12300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6173,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1973-11-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 25","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 25 (Molniya-1 32L), a Soviet highly elliptical-orbit communications satellite for long-haul television and military links across the USSR. Molniya-M (Blok-ML) from Baikonur LC-1/5 placed the craft in Molniya orbit on 14 November 1973.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:54:20.437Z","spacedevs_id":"e74ae6eb-f75e-4924-9585-db33e5c6282a","net":"1973-11-14T20:40:02.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-089","gcat_id":"1973-089","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6174,"rocket_id":1163,"date":"1973-11-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Skylab 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Skylab 4 (Apollo CSM-118 / SLM-3), the third and final crewed mission to Skylab with astronauts Gerald Carr, Edward Gibson, and William Pogue. Saturn IB SA-208 from Kennedy LC-39B launched on 16 November 1973 for an 84-day record stay through February 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:54:20.226Z","spacedevs_id":"f3855eeb-9eda-4ddd-bb4d-c2acbad0a0e2","net":"1973-11-16T14:01:23.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 39B","pad_location":"Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1973-090","gcat_id":"1973-090","payload_mass_kg":14888,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-IB-White-Tanks.png","model":"Saturn IB","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Saturn-IB-Apollo.png","provider_manufacturer":"Chrysler / Douglas","height":43.2,"modelfamily":"Saturn","payloadleo":21000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6175,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1973-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 66","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 608 (DS-P1-Yu #66), a Soviet radar-calibration target satellite for air-defense and space-tracking practice. 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Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO for a short recoverable imaging mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:30.927Z","spacedevs_id":"c1b3e062-35ba-4797-9ee2-598f1b841eda","net":"1974-01-24T15:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-003","gcat_id":"1974-003","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6197,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-01-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 20","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 630 (Zenit-4MK #20, Germes #20), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. 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Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the craft in LEO to survey foreign radio emitters.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:30.498Z","spacedevs_id":"1fc98c26-ae9f-4894-bfdd-653363a2d016","net":"1974-02-06T00:33:59.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-005","gcat_id":"1974-005","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6199,"rocket_id":1148,"date":"1974-02-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Sphinx (Titan IIIE maiden flight)","orbit":"HEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Maiden flight of Titan IIIE/Centaur carrying NASA’s Viking Dynamic Simulator and piggyback SPHINX plasma-interaction experiment. Centaur LOX turbopump failed after staging, destroying both payloads before reaching the planned high elliptical orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:30.184Z","spacedevs_id":"5f8221e3-1df7-49e1-a7ec-a0a85c901c45","net":"1974-02-11T13:48:02.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 41","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1974-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIE-Centaur.png","model":"Titan IIIE","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIE-Centaur-Operational.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":48.8,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":15400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6200,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-02-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4M 60","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 632 (Zenit-4M #60, Rotor #60), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Titan 24B/Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W placed the craft in retrograde polar LEO for a ~32-day imaging mission with air-recovered film capsules.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:29.762Z","spacedevs_id":"efe364cd-e92d-4205-9707-694cddf1138d","net":"1974-02-13T18:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-007","gcat_id":"1974-007","payload_mass_kg":3164,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 88% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 24B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-24B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6202,"rocket_id":1336,"date":"1974-02-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tansei-2","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"MS-T2 (Tansei 2), an ISAS technology demonstration satellite and the first payload on Japan’s Mu-3C solid rocket. Launched from Kagoshima LP-M into a highly elliptical orbit to verify the new four-stage vehicle and spacecraft systems.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:29.547Z","spacedevs_id":"7b4224b5-c2fc-46c5-9eb9-8d9bd6a5fec5","net":"1974-02-16T05:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mu Center","pad_location":"Uchinoura Space Center, Japan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-008","gcat_id":"1974-008","payload_mass_kg":56,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Mu-3C","country":"JPN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/M-3C.png","provider_manufacturer":"Nissan","height":20.2,"modelfamily":"Mu","payloadleo":195,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6203,"rocket_id":1360,"date":"1974-02-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"San Marco 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"San Marco 4 (San Marco C2), an Italian CRS–NASA atmospheric science satellite measuring equatorial thermosphere density, composition, and temperature for correlation with Atmospheric Explorer-C. Scout D-1 from the San Marco platform off Kenya placed the ~164 kg craft in near-equatorial LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:29.324Z","spacedevs_id":"9a44eb81-35b7-4301-bbed-a2402757ea37","net":"1974-02-18T10:05:28.000Z","pad_name":"San Marco platform","pad_location":"Broglio Space Center, Kenya","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-009","gcat_id":"1974-009","payload_mass_kg":176,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-D-1-F.png","model":"Scout D-1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-D-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":183,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6204,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1974-02-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 68","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 633 (DS-P1-Yu #68), a Soviet radar-calibration target used to check Dnestr/Hen House space-surveillance and early-warning radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the ~200 kg craft in LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:29.088Z","spacedevs_id":"2d5da0ed-c4f5-4e5f-8e3a-dc8875d8361a","net":"1974-02-27T11:04:58.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-010","gcat_id":"1974-010","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6205,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1974-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 16 (30L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 16, a Soviet Meteor-1 series weather satellite for cloud observation and radiation monitoring. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 lofted the VNIIEM craft into LEO on 5 March 1974 for the Hydrometeorological Service.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:57.304Z","spacedevs_id":"2a1ece0e-56d4-4ec1-934e-8ba964e7263a","net":"1974-03-05T11:38:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-011","gcat_id":"1974-011","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6206,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1974-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 69","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 634 (DS-P1-Yu #69), a Soviet radar-calibration satellite used as a test target for Dnestr (Hen House) space-surveillance and early-warning radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the Yuzhnoye craft in LEO on 5 March 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:57.511Z","spacedevs_id":"f54cecd2-d53d-4f5e-8858-346cf6b4d239","net":"1974-03-05T16:04:55.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-012","gcat_id":"1974-012","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6207,"rocket_id":1360,"date":"1974-03-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Miranda","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Miranda (X-4 / UK-X4), a British RAE engineering test satellite proving three-axis reaction-wheel attitude control and other spacecraft technologies. Scout D-1 from Vandenberg SLC-5 lofted the BAC craft into LEO on 9 March 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:57.092Z","spacedevs_id":"5238d125-f1d5-493e-8a17-310e5d5f71a3","net":"1974-03-09T02:22:11.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-013","gcat_id":"1974-013","payload_mass_kg":93,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-D-1-F.png","model":"Scout D-1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-D-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":183,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6208,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-03-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 45","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 635 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #45) with Nauka 17KS science module, a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 14 March 1974 for short optical imaging with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:56.887Z","spacedevs_id":"6d6f53ba-bc90-4b36-abe2-c53c9c7068ca","net":"1974-03-14T10:29:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-014","gcat_id":"1974-014","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6209,"rocket_id":1396,"date":"1974-03-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DMSP-5B F5","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DMSP-5B F5 (OPS 8579), a U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program weather satellite for global military cloud and storm imaging. Thor Burner 2A from Vandenberg SLC-10W lofted the RCA craft into sun-synchronous orbit on 16 March 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:56.643Z","spacedevs_id":"6f121a03-d48d-4517-ac48-dcc333777574","net":"1974-03-16T08:00:11.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 10W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-015","gcat_id":"1974-015","payload_mass_kg":192,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Thor Burner 2A","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Thor-Burner-2A.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":23,"modelfamily":"Thor","payloadleo":250,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6210,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1974-03-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 21","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 636 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #21), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Soyuz-U from Baikonur LC-31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 20 March 1974 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:56.426Z","spacedevs_id":"44fab22e-c76e-4510-b6e3-5228bcb8908a","net":"1974-03-20T08:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-016","gcat_id":"1974-016","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6211,"rocket_id":1349,"date":"1974-03-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Raduga-GVM","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 637 (Raduga-GVM #1), the first Soviet geosynchronous satellite—a mass/systems mockup for the Statsionar/Raduga military communications series. Maiden Proton-K/Blok-DM flight from Baikonur LC-81/23 on 26 March 1974 placed the craft in GEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:52:56.218Z","spacedevs_id":"982ce36e-8f38-43d9-9cfd-c65c9c28fc7a","net":"1974-03-26T13:35:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-017","gcat_id":"1974-017","payload_mass_kg":2765,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Proton-K/DM","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Block-DM.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":59,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":19000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6212,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1974-04-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Kosmos 638","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 638, the first uncrewed orbital test of the Soyuz 7K-TM ASTP docking spacecraft with the APAS-75 androgynous docking system. 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Soyuz from Baikonur Site 1/5 placed the vehicle in LEO for a short autonomous checkout flight.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:27.315Z","spacedevs_id":"b59a368b-3c54-47a5-ae6d-e5f49a7ff87a","net":"1974-05-27T07:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-036","gcat_id":"1974-036","payload_mass_kg":6800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511.png","model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6233,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1974-05-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-22","orbit":"LO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna 22 (Ye-8LS №206), a Soviet lunar orbiter based on the Ye-8 Lunokhod bus for surface imaging, altimetry, and gravity studies. Proton-K/Blok-D from Baikonur Site 81/24 sent the craft to the Moon; it entered lunar orbit on 2 June 1974 and operated for many months.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:27.091Z","spacedevs_id":"dced3a04-1b8d-4e56-8406-f311e7e116b4","net":"1974-05-29T08:56:51.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-037","gcat_id":"1974-037","payload_mass_kg":3920,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Luna-E8.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6234,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-05-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 26","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 657 (Zenit-4MK #26, Germes #26), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:26.666Z","spacedevs_id":"19e7e5aa-523f-4ed0-b845-04f4fc2a6ce1","net":"1974-05-30T12:44:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-038","gcat_id":"1974-038","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6235,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1974-05-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"ATS 6","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ATS-6 (Applications Technology Satellite 6, pre-launch ATS-F), NASA’s pioneering GEO experimental communications and education satellite with a 9 m deployable antenna. Titan IIIC from Cape Canaveral LC-40 placed it directly into geostationary orbit for educational TV and technology demos.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:26.880Z","spacedevs_id":"a1a57fe6-07be-495f-9892-638d07717c35","net":"1974-05-30T13:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 40","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-039","gcat_id":"1974-039","payload_mass_kg":1357,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC-ATS-6.png","model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6236,"rocket_id":1361,"date":"1974-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Hawkeye 1","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Explorer 52 (Hawkeye/Injun 6/IE-D), a University of Iowa–NASA magnetospheric science satellite studying the polar magnetosphere out to ~21 Earth radii. Scout E-1 from Vandenberg SLC-5 placed the ~23 kg craft into a highly elliptical polar orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:26.442Z","spacedevs_id":"69f80aff-7001-494b-bc16-2a053d939b96","net":"1974-06-03T23:09:11.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-040","gcat_id":"1974-040","payload_mass_kg":27,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout E-1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-E-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6237,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-06-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 48","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 658 (Zenit-2M #48, Gektor #48), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for military mapping and surveillance. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO for a short recoverable imaging mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:25.997Z","spacedevs_id":"75cf0072-68bd-49e8-a89f-27f9b29c4926","net":"1974-06-06T06:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-041","gcat_id":"1974-041","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6238,"rocket_id":1421,"date":"1974-06-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 42","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 42 (Gambit-3 Mission 4342, OPS 1776), a U.S. NRO high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Titan 24B/Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W placed the craft in polar LEO for a ~47-day imaging mission with air-recovered film capsules.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:26.226Z","spacedevs_id":"419f36df-6b91-4782-8c85-9c07aa1b324e","net":"1974-06-06T16:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-042","gcat_id":"1974-042","payload_mass_kg":3164,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 88% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 24B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-24B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6239,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-06-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 27","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 659 (Zenit-4MK #27, Germes #27), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:25.781Z","spacedevs_id":"bd246d47-d140-4af5-9654-e3b4a377ec04","net":"1974-06-13T12:29:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-043","gcat_id":"1974-043","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6240,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1974-06-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Taifun-1 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 660 (Taifun-1 #1, Vektor #1), the first Soviet active radar-calibration target satellite—a ~2 m sphere used to check military radar and tracking sensors. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the inaugural Vektor craft in LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:25.518Z","spacedevs_id":"b958e2e6-da29-4cc2-9b97-3f033886700a","net":"1974-06-18T13:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-044","gcat_id":"1974-044","payload_mass_kg":570,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6241,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1974-06-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 24","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 661 (Tselina-O #24), a Soviet electronic-intelligence satellite providing wide-area ELINT for the dual Tselina system. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the craft in ~525 km LEO to survey foreign radio emitters.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:25.289Z","spacedevs_id":"07c8fa5e-fcff-4fb8-9ef5-9a96fe209b0e","net":"1974-06-21T09:03:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-045","gcat_id":"1974-045","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6242,"rocket_id":1095,"date":"1974-06-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Salyut-3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Salyut 3 (OPS-2/Almaz-2), the second Soviet Almaz military reconnaissance space station publicly framed as a civilian Salyut. Proton-K from Baikonur Site 81/23 placed the station in LEO; it later hosted Soyuz 14 and carried a self-defense cannon.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:25.038Z","spacedevs_id":"c10a7bba-eae8-4f30-94c0-a6998877d323","net":"1974-06-24T22:38:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/23 (81L)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-046","gcat_id":"1974-046","payload_mass_kg":19260,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Almaz-OPS.png","model":"Proton-K","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Proton-4.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":50,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":21600,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6243,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1974-06-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-I 15","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 662 (DS-P1-I #15), a Soviet radar-calibration satellite used as a test target for space-surveillance and early-warning radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the Yuzhnoye craft in LEO on 26 June 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:40.721Z","spacedevs_id":"f45bcfb2-fb58-416d-a793-363419d305d2","net":"1974-06-26T12:29:57.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-047","gcat_id":"1974-047","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6244,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1974-06-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zaliv 17","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 663 (Zaliv #17), a Soviet Tsiklon Doppler navigation satellite providing military position-fixing from LEO. Kosmos-3M (11K65M) from Plesetsk Site 132/1 placed the NPO PM KAUR-1 craft in orbit on 27 June 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:40.324Z","spacedevs_id":"cd568707-8069-447b-8420-db5df520f6db","net":"1974-06-27T15:39:50.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-048","gcat_id":"1974-048","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6245,"rocket_id":1376,"date":"1974-06-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MT 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 664 (Zenit-4MT/Orion), a Soviet topographic film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for cartographic imaging. Soyuz-M (11A511M) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 29 June 1974 for military mapping with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:39.744Z","spacedevs_id":"57100565-9473-45ad-b4af-51efe226f05b","net":"1974-06-29T12:50:02.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-049","gcat_id":"1974-049","payload_mass_kg":6050,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":50,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6600,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6246,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1974-06-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-K 3","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 665 (US-K #3), an early Oko missile early-warning satellite on a highly elliptical Molniya-type orbit to watch for ICBM launches. Molniya-M (Blok-2BL) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 lofted the craft on 29 June 1974 during the experimental US-K development phase.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:40.106Z","spacedevs_id":"d81b67d4-a2f1-44db-9277-debc72a0e3d0","net":"1974-06-29T15:59:58.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-050","gcat_id":"1974-050","payload_mass_kg":1578,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6247,"rocket_id":1096,"date":"1974-07-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Soyuz 14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Human Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Soyuz 14, the first successful crewed visit to military space station Salyut 3 (Almaz OPS-2), with cosmonauts Pavel Popovich and Yuri Artyukhin. Soyuz (11A511) from Baikonur LC-1/5 lofted the 7K-T craft on 3 July 1974 for a 15-day docked military reconnaissance mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:39.523Z","spacedevs_id":"57e51918-e4d7-4f46-804b-9602ad34f0fa","net":"1974-07-03T18:51:08.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-051","gcat_id":"1974-051","payload_mass_kg":6800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511.png","model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6248,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1974-07-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-Priroda 1","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-Priroda 1 (Meteor-1 18), the first Soviet Meteor-Priroda meteorology and Earth-observation satellite in sun-synchronous orbit. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 lofted the VNIIEM craft on 9 July 1974 for weather and land-resource imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:50:39.309Z","spacedevs_id":"b7626bfe-f4a9-4d97-a7c6-e3691ca61e20","net":"1974-07-09T14:39:58.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-052","gcat_id":"1974-052","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6249,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1974-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 70","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed Kosmos (666) (DS-P1-Yu #70) attempt to orbit a Soviet radar-calibration test target for space-surveillance radars. 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Scout B-1 from the San Marco platform off Kenya placed the craft in near-equatorial LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:51.469Z","spacedevs_id":"7cfc0349-03a8-409e-83ad-99d6123231d3","net":"1974-10-15T07:47:00.000Z","pad_name":"San Marco platform","pad_location":"Broglio Space Center, Kenya","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-077","gcat_id":"1974-077","payload_mass_kg":135,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B-1.png","model":"Scout B-1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-B-1-F.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":22,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":143,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6277,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 31","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 688 (Zenit-4MK #31, Germes #31), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:50.595Z","spacedevs_id":"1886de76-6346-4f7b-a5dd-d33db67e015a","net":"1974-10-18T15:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-078","gcat_id":"1974-078","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6278,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1974-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zaliv 18","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 689 (Zaliv #18), a Soviet Doppler navigation satellite of the Tsiklon/Zaliv series for naval and military position-fixing. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the craft in LEO to support the Soviet satellite navigation constellation.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:51.260Z","spacedevs_id":"f512f483-9e44-4675-8287-dbc8f4a7c657","net":"1974-10-18T22:36:15.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-079","gcat_id":"1974-079","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6279,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1974-10-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Bion 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Biology","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 690 (Bion #2), a Soviet biosatellite studying radiation effects on living organisms, carrying rats, tortoises, insects, fungi, and a cesium-137 gamma source. Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed it in LEO for a ~20-day recoverable flight.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:50.386Z","spacedevs_id":"acfde598-116b-4ba8-9daa-95e6b3c6b2c1","net":"1974-10-22T17:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-080","gcat_id":"1974-080","payload_mass_kg":6080,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6280,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1974-10-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1 28","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 28 (Molniya-1 24L), a Soviet military communications satellite for long-haul radio and TV relay via highly elliptical orbit. Molniya-M (Blok-ML) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft into a ~12-hour inclined Molniya orbit covering high northern latitudes.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:50.059Z","spacedevs_id":"a0faf1fe-6c06-4717-be71-fa9f32f86482","net":"1974-10-24T12:38:41.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-081","gcat_id":"1974-081","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6281,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1974-10-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 32","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 691 (Zenit-4MK/Germes), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Soyuz-U (11A511U) from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 25 October 1974 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:58.123Z","spacedevs_id":"79e176f3-a18f-4e92-b3bb-c1119373deb3","net":"1974-10-25T09:30:01.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-082","gcat_id":"1974-082","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6282,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1974-10-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 19 (33L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1-19, a Soviet polar-orbiting weather satellite for cloud-cover and meteorological imaging. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 28 October 1974 for the Hydrometeorological Service.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:57.659Z","spacedevs_id":"afe8a2a8-488a-4142-886f-2fb237ae4485","net":"1974-10-28T10:17:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-083","gcat_id":"1974-083","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6283,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1974-10-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Luna-23","orbit":"Lunar Impactor","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Lunar Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Luna 23 (Ye-8-5M), a Soviet automated lunar sample-return lander designed for a deep core sample. Proton-K/D from Baikonur Site 81/24 lofted the craft on 28 October 1974; it tipped over on landing in Mare Crisium, damaging the drill so no samples returned.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:57.911Z","spacedevs_id":"7c158cc8-1c82-4974-9f2f-8fb6b495a0f8","net":"1974-10-28T14:30:32.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-084","gcat_id":"1974-084","payload_mass_kg":4220,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 99% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Luna-E8.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6284,"rocket_id":1440,"date":"1974-10-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-9 9","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-9-9 Hexagon (OPS 7122 / Big Bird 9), an NRO film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with panoramic optical-bar cameras. Titan IIID from Vandenberg SLC-4E placed the large craft in sun-synchronous LEO on 29 October 1974 for broad-area strategic imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:57.420Z","spacedevs_id":"cd158925-10bf-4654-add5-57e5d29c82e7","net":"1974-10-29T19:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-085","gcat_id":"1974-085","payload_mass_kg":10506,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID-HEXAGON.png","model":"Titan IIID","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":36,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":12300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6285,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1974-10-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-IK 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos-12 (DS-U2-IK #5), a cooperative Soviet-bloc science satellite for atmospheric, ionospheric, and micrometeorite research. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 lofted the craft on 31 October 1974 for Interkosmos partners including the USSR and Eastern European states.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:57.204Z","spacedevs_id":"20bdc395-5233-4827-9ae5-763f8f23f038","net":"1974-10-31T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-086","gcat_id":"1974-086","payload_mass_kg":317,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6286,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 52","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 692 (Zenit-2M/Gektor), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 1 November 1974 for area imaging with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:56.980Z","spacedevs_id":"a4a6871a-6fc2-4a92-83d1-2e807f9ec46e","net":"1974-11-01T14:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-087","gcat_id":"1974-087","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6287,"rocket_id":1376,"date":"1974-11-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MT 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 693 (Zenit-4MT/Orion), a Soviet topographic film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with SA-106 camera and altimetry gear. Soyuz-M (11A511M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO on 4 November 1974 for cartographic imaging for the military.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:56.760Z","spacedevs_id":"219d64c9-efa1-4e1c-9f22-fbd7d645e832","net":"1974-11-04T10:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-088","gcat_id":"1974-088","payload_mass_kg":6680,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":50,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6600,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6288,"rocket_id":1266,"date":"1974-11-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"FSW-0 0","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Maiden Long March 2 (CZ-2/2A) flight attempting China’s first FSW (Jian Bing-1) recoverable reconnaissance satellite from Jiuquan LA-2B on 5 November 1974. A disconnected pitch-rate gyro cable caused loss of control; the rocket broke up about 20 seconds after liftoff.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:56.549Z","spacedevs_id":"866ad4df-06e4-4103-9d9d-82ee079eb461","net":"1974-11-05T09:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 2B","pad_location":"Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1974-F07","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Long March 2A","country":"CHN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Long-March-2-Original.png","provider_manufacturer":"CASC","height":31.17,"modelfamily":"Long March","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6289,"rocket_id":1283,"date":"1974-11-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"NOAA 4","orbit":"SSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"NOAA-4 (ITOS-G), a polar-orbiting weather satellite with VHRR, VTPR, and SR instruments, plus secondary payloads AMSAT-OSCAR 7 and Spain’s Intasat. Delta 2310 from Vandenberg SLC-2W placed the stack in sun-synchronous orbit on 15 November 1974 for NOAA meteorological imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:56.334Z","spacedevs_id":"987b478f-9fc5-4fbc-8bcd-2a8a5aaa0b91","net":"1974-11-15T17:11:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-089","gcat_id":"1974-089","payload_mass_kg":399,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 2310","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-2310.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":1882,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6290,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-11-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 33","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 694 (Zenit-4MK/Germes), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod (11A57) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO on 16 November 1974 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:56.118Z","spacedevs_id":"1d6793cf-bc80-4d85-b103-1b94960524f2","net":"1974-11-16T11:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-090","gcat_id":"1974-090","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6291,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1974-11-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-Yu 73","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 695 (DS-P1-Yu #73), a Soviet radar-calibration satellite used as a test target for Dnestr (Hen House) space-surveillance and early-warning radars. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the Yuzhnoye craft in LEO on 20 November 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:55.910Z","spacedevs_id":"eddb04b3-673b-41b3-94f5-ce414c11bc91","net":"1974-11-20T11:59:58.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-091","gcat_id":"1974-091","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6292,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1974-11-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-3 11L","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-3-1 (11L), the first Soviet Molniya-3 civilian C-band communications satellite on a highly elliptical 12-hour orbit for high-latitude coverage. Molniya-M (8K78M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the KAUR-2 craft in Molniya orbit on 21 November 1974.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:55.457Z","spacedevs_id":"e5df3945-5d5a-4cc1-b615-9eb27b807cd9","net":"1974-11-21T10:33:01.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-092","gcat_id":"1974-092","payload_mass_kg":2078,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6293,"rocket_id":1261,"date":"1974-11-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"INTELSAT IV F8","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat IV F-8, a Hughes commercial geostationary communications satellite for the Intelsat consortium. Atlas SLV-3D Centaur-D1AR (AC-33) from Cape Canaveral LC-36B placed the craft in GEO transfer on 21 November 1974 for global trunk telephony and TV relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:48:55.703Z","spacedevs_id":"be328ab7-d640-4f58-b3cb-d5687ada07fc","net":"1974-11-21T23:43:59.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-093","gcat_id":"1974-093","payload_mass_kg":1387,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur-Standard-Fairing.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3D Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6294,"rocket_id":1284,"date":"1974-11-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Skynet IIB","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Skynet 2B, a UK Ministry of Defence military geostationary communications satellite launched on a Delta 2313 from Cape Canaveral after the failed Skynet 2A attempt; remained operational for ~20 years.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:57.696Z","spacedevs_id":"3b526b92-0321-4c55-a9c1-317d4a032fbe","net":"1974-11-23T00:28:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1974-094","gcat_id":"1974-094","payload_mass_kg":436,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 2313","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-2313.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":500,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6295,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1974-11-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 53","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 696 (Zenit-2M/Gektor), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite launched on a Voskhod from Plesetsk for military imaging; 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Molniya-M (Blok-ML) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft into a ~12-hour inclined Molniya orbit on 6 February 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:47:02.939Z","spacedevs_id":"a2d1b4d7-d108-4dea-beab-82915f4e8bed","net":"1975-02-06T04:49:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-009","gcat_id":"1975-009","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6316,"rocket_id":1313,"date":"1975-02-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Starlette","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Starlette (BETA), a French CNES geodetic satellite—a dense passive laser-ranging sphere for Earth gravity-field and geodesy studies. Diamant BP4 from Guiana Space Centre (Kourou ELD) placed it in LEO on 6 February 1975—the maiden flight of the Diamant BP4.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:47:03.189Z","spacedevs_id":"63ea3319-7ea1-4d9a-b422-b7d23d3c357c","net":"1975-02-06T16:35:00.000Z","pad_name":"Diamant Launch Area","pad_location":"Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-010","gcat_id":"1975-010","payload_mass_kg":48,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Diamant BP4","country":"FRA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Diamant-BP4.png","provider_manufacturer":"SEREB","height":21.6,"modelfamily":"Diamant","payloadleo":160,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6317,"rocket_id":1287,"date":"1975-02-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"SMS 2","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":2,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"SMS-2 (Synchronous Meteorological Satellite 2), a NASA geostationary weather satellite for continuous cloud-cover imaging and environmental sensing, predecessor to the GOES series. Delta 2914 (flight 108) from Cape Canaveral SLC-17B placed the craft in GEO on 6 February 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:47:03.398Z","spacedevs_id":"c1d10f26-74be-475f-b3f7-d092327de0ba","net":"1975-02-06T22:04:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-011","gcat_id":"1975-011","payload_mass_kg":628,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 2914","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-2914.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":724,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6318,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1975-02-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Sfera 13","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 708 (Sfera #13 / Geoid), a Soviet geodetic satellite for mapping and Earth-figure measurements using flashing-light tracking. 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Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:47:02.706Z","spacedevs_id":"6383b41c-be7e-4510-ba2e-67fbf6c35e23","net":"1975-02-12T14:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-013","gcat_id":"1975-013","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6320,"rocket_id":1261,"date":"1975-02-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"INTELSAT IV F6","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat IV F-6 commercial communications satellite intended for geosynchronous service. Atlas SLV-3D Centaur (AC-33) from Cape Canaveral LC-36A failed on 20 February 1975 when a booster-separation lanyard fault reset guidance; range safety destroyed the vehicle short of orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:56.075Z","spacedevs_id":"51ad9443-70e5-427e-990c-d44f452e9e13","net":"1975-02-20T23:35:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1975-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur-Standard-Fairing.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3D Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6321,"rocket_id":1336,"date":"1975-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Taiyo","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Taiyo (SRATS), Japan’s Solar Radiation and Thermospheric Satellite for solar soft X-ray/UV and upper-atmosphere physics. Mu-3C-2 from Kagoshima (Uchinoura) placed the 86 kg ISAS craft in an elliptical orbit on 24 February 1975; it reentered in June 1980.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:55.871Z","spacedevs_id":"8fbc5c6b-b141-4ed3-b9d0-02d1732b0c0f","net":"1975-02-24T05:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"Mu Center","pad_location":"Uchinoura Space Center, Japan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-014","gcat_id":"1975-014","payload_mass_kg":86,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Mu-3C","country":"JPN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/M-3C.png","provider_manufacturer":"Nissan","height":20.2,"modelfamily":"Mu","payloadleo":195,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6322,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-02-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 37","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 710 (Zenit-4MK/Germes), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 26 February 1975 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:55.660Z","spacedevs_id":"076c0b22-2899-4241-aea9-e42e8d874cff","net":"1975-02-26T09:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-015","gcat_id":"1975-015","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6323,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1975-02-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-1M 81-88","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 711–718, an octuple of Strela-1M military store-and-dump communications satellites for Soviet forces. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the eight craft in LEO on 28 February 1975 to replenish the low-orbit tactical comms constellation.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:55.430Z","spacedevs_id":"a824496f-896b-48ee-b649-8ef12f4ff236","net":"1975-02-28T14:01:59.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-016","gcat_id":"1975-016","payload_mass_kg":480,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6324,"rocket_id":1423,"date":"1975-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Jumpseat 4","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Jumpseat 4 (OPS 2439 / AFP-711), an NRO SIGINT satellite collecting signals intelligence from a highly elliptical Molniya-type orbit. Titan 34B/Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W lofted the craft on 10 March 1975—the maiden flight of the Titan 34B.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:55.195Z","spacedevs_id":"f7a39c78-a8db-4607-abcc-4d236912eb97","net":"1975-03-10T04:41:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-017","gcat_id":"1975-017","payload_mass_kg":1000,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-34B.png","model":"Titan 34B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-34B-SDS.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":48,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3500,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6325,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-03-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 38","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 719 (Zenit-4MK/Germes), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 12 March 1975 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:54.515Z","spacedevs_id":"c35f64e3-4b19-4030-9c34-bfc2dd5b29ff","net":"1975-03-12T08:55:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-018","gcat_id":"1975-018","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6326,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1975-03-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MT 8","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 720 (Zenit-4MT/Orion #10), a Soviet topographic film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with SA-106 camera, laser altimeter, and Doppler gear. Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in LEO on 21 March 1975 for cartographic imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:54.288Z","spacedevs_id":"0c7bbaec-fb7e-4076-b735-826bde82c094","net":"1975-03-21T06:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-019","gcat_id":"1975-019","payload_mass_kg":6680,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6327,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-03-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 55","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 721 (Zenit-2M/Gektor), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO on 26 March 1975 for area imaging with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:54.077Z","spacedevs_id":"0ec30d36-92da-4048-8fb8-3ce28eeee628","net":"1975-03-26T08:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-020","gcat_id":"1975-020","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6328,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-03-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 39","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 722 (Zenit-4MK/Germes), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO on 27 March 1975 for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:53.653Z","spacedevs_id":"891d3cde-9a13-489b-a829-a947154ba611","net":"1975-03-27T08:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-021","gcat_id":"1975-021","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6329,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1975-03-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-IK 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos-13 (DS-U2-IK), a cooperative Soviet-bloc science satellite studying dynamic processes in Earth’s magnetosphere and polar ionosphere. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk lofted the craft on 27 March 1975 for Interkosmos partners including Czechoslovakia and the USSR.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:53.868Z","spacedevs_id":"e662fb42-d854-4293-9032-742ac7399697","net":"1975-03-27T14:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-022","gcat_id":"1975-022","payload_mass_kg":320,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6330,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1975-04-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 21 (31L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1-21, a Soviet polar-orbiting weather satellite for cloud-cover and meteorological imaging. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in sun-synchronous LEO on 1 April 1975 for the Hydrometeorological Service.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:46:53.431Z","spacedevs_id":"4552f949-ef8e-4ca9-9f80-e7f3a503e155","net":"1975-04-01T12:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-023","gcat_id":"1975-023","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6331,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1975-04-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-A 9","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 723 (US-A #9), a Soviet nuclear-powered Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite (RORSAT). 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Kosmos-3M from Kapustin Yar Site 107 failed on 3 June 1975 before reaching orbit, destroying the solar-physics payload intended for cooperative upper-atmosphere studies.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:44:53.065Z","spacedevs_id":"f116ca1e-97c5-4bea-8fea-0bfb0aaec99d","net":"1975-06-03T09:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"107/2","pad_location":"Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1975-F04","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6358,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 43","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 742 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #43), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Molniya-M (Blok-ML) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed both in Molniya orbit on 5 June 1975 for military/civil relay and radiation-hardening tests.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:44:52.865Z","spacedevs_id":"b9bd6505-2774-4794-94c6-36caacb47c07","net":"1975-06-05T01:37:59.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-049","gcat_id":"1975-049","payload_mass_kg":2000,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6360,"rocket_id":1191,"date":"1975-06-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Venera-9","orbit":"Venus","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Robotic Exploration","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Venera 9 (4V1 #1), a Soviet Venus orbiter and lander—the first spacecraft to orbit Venus and the first to return images from another planet’s surface. Proton-K/Blok-D from Baikonur Site 81/24 launched the pair on 8 June 1975; the lander imaged Venus on 22 October 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:44:52.454Z","spacedevs_id":"2f2b50a7-637c-4952-adfd-3d4405df8a55","net":"1975-06-08T02:38:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-050","gcat_id":"1975-050","payload_mass_kg":6608,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Venera.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6361,"rocket_id":1440,"date":"1975-06-08T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-9 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-9 10 (Hexagon Mission 1210, OPS 6381), an NRO wide-area film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with piggyback P-226/SSU-1 ELINT. Titan IIID from Vandenberg SLC-4E placed the stack in LEO on 8 June 1975 for strategic imaging of the Soviet Union and China.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:44:52.657Z","spacedevs_id":"9d8c31a0-5571-4a01-a3a5-edb80eeeae3e","net":"1975-06-08T18:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-051","gcat_id":"1975-051","payload_mass_kg":10964,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 75% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID-HEXAGON.png","model":"Titan IIID","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":36,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":12300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6362,"rocket_id":1285,"date":"1975-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Nimbus 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Nimbus 6, a NASA/NOAA experimental Earth-science and weather satellite carrying microwave and infrared sounders for atmospheric temperature and humidity profiling. Delta 2910 from Vandenberg SLC-2W placed the craft in sun-synchronous LEO on 12 June 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:44:52.053Z","spacedevs_id":"f7b7475f-8d07-4072-bccd-77eb3bc879fa","net":"1975-06-12T08:12:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 2W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-052","gcat_id":"1975-052","payload_mass_kg":827,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 2910","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-2910.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":1882,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6363,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1975-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 44","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 743 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #44), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Proton-K/Blok-D from Baikonur Site 81/24 launched the craft on 14 June 1975; the lander reached Venus’s surface on 25 October 1975 and returned images and atmospheric data alongside the orbiter.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:44:51.860Z","spacedevs_id":"6845e5e5-e00d-4ad5-ba54-f05047f921c0","net":"1975-06-14T03:00:31.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-054","gcat_id":"1975-054","payload_mass_kg":6705,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D-Venera.png","model":"Proton / UR-500 K/D","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-D.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":57,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6365,"rocket_id":1259,"date":"1975-06-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Canyon 6","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Canyon 6 (AFP-827, OPS 4966), an NRO SIGINT COMINT satellite of the Canyon series monitoring foreign communications from near-geosynchronous orbit. Atlas SLV-3A Agena-D from Cape Canaveral LC-13 lofted the craft on 18 June 1975 into a high Earth / near-GEO orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:44:51.649Z","spacedevs_id":"6cfce97e-34aa-4e9f-942b-1595b8623d06","net":"1975-06-18T09:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 13","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-055","gcat_id":"1975-055","payload_mass_kg":350,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Atlas SLV-3A Agena D","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3A-Agena-D-CANYON.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":36,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":1000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6366,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1975-06-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-D 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 744 (Tselina-D #7), a Soviet electronic-intelligence (ELINT) satellite of the Tselina-D series. 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Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in LEO; the capsule was recovered after about 11 days.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:43:12.165Z","spacedevs_id":"d62ed44d-9655-4cf8-bbad-dba6754aa580","net":"1975-09-12T05:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-084","gcat_id":"1975-084","payload_mass_kg":6050,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6395,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-09-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 50","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 760 (Zenit-4MK/Germes #50), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 placed all eight craft in LEO on 17 September 1975 for tactical message relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:43:03.907Z","spacedevs_id":"401a079d-c61c-42d9-8e64-b8ae32eb0435","net":"1975-09-17T07:10:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-086","gcat_id":"1975-086","payload_mass_kg":480,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6397,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1975-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 22 (28L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 22 (28L), a Soviet meteorological satellite of the first Meteor series with TV, IR, and radiation-budget sensors for weather imaging. Vostok-2M from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the ~2.2 t craft in polar LEO on 18 September 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:43:03.691Z","spacedevs_id":"adc1dac6-bf59-463c-936d-87537a531aee","net":"1975-09-18T00:12:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-087","gcat_id":"1975-087","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6398,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 60","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 769 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #60) with FEU-170 5L, a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite plus research payload. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO on 23 September 1975 for optical imaging with recoverable film.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:43:03.487Z","spacedevs_id":"6eda738a-1d0a-4202-b83b-c8cc94897cae","net":"1975-09-23T09:59:59.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-088","gcat_id":"1975-088","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6399,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1975-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Sfera 14","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 770 (Sfera #14), a Soviet geodetic satellite of the Sfera (Geoid) series using flashing lights and Doppler radio for precise Earth mapping. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 placed the craft in a ~1200–1400 km LEO on 24 September 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:43:02.803Z","spacedevs_id":"efc4d5c8-d0b5-457e-b2f2-eeb7cec71562","net":"1975-09-24T12:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-089","gcat_id":"1975-089","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6400,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1975-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MKT 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 771 (Zenit-4MKT/Fram #1), the first Soviet Fram cartographic film-return photoreconnaissance satellite with Priroda-3 cameras. Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the ~6.1 t craft in LEO on 25 September 1975 for topographic imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:43:02.604Z","spacedevs_id":"04a64bdf-0e89-4ab1-bfad-f80e0a96a1d3","net":"1975-09-25T09:49:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-090","gcat_id":"1975-090","payload_mass_kg":6100,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6401,"rocket_id":1261,"date":"1975-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Intelsat-4A 1","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Intelsat-4A F-1, the first Intelsat IVA commercial communications satellite, roughly doubling IV capacity via C-band frequency reuse and spot beams. Atlas SLV-3D Centaur-D1AR from Cape Canaveral LC-36B placed the ~1.5 t Hughes craft in GEO on 26 September 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:43:02.408Z","spacedevs_id":"f138107e-a470-4ea0-911d-15cb83d8ffdd","net":"1975-09-26T00:17:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 36B","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-091","gcat_id":"1975-091","payload_mass_kg":1479,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur-Standard-Fairing.png","model":"Atlas SLV-3D Centaur","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Atlas-SLV-3D-Centaur.png","provider_manufacturer":"Convair","height":21,"modelfamily":"Atlas","payloadleo":800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6402,"rocket_id":1313,"date":"1975-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Aura","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Aura (D-2B), a French CNES ultraviolet astronomy satellite for solar EUV and stellar/zodiacal UV observations. Diamant BP4 from Kourou ELD/ALD placed the ~107 kg craft in LEO on 27 September 1975—the final flight of the Diamant launcher.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:43:02.216Z","spacedevs_id":"0c9d8810-8a3a-4e75-93cf-a33d50b1afce","net":"1975-09-27T08:37:00.000Z","pad_name":"Diamant Launch Area","pad_location":"Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-092","gcat_id":"1975-092","payload_mass_kg":107,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Diamant BP4","country":"FRA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Diamant-BP4.png","provider_manufacturer":"SEREB","height":21.6,"modelfamily":"Diamant","payloadleo":160,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6403,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1975-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Kosmos 772","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 772 (Soyuz-T Test #2 / 7K-S), the second unmanned orbital test of the Soyuz-T (7K-S) crewed spacecraft design. 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Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 placed the craft in LEO to relay messages for Soviet ground forces.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:27.598Z","spacedevs_id":"a26ff48c-9199-4200-8d93-f603e5a34e50","net":"1975-11-28T00:10:08.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-112","gcat_id":"1975-112","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6424,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-12-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 63","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 784 (Zenit-2M #63, Gektor #63), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU, with hosted Nauka-22KS research payload. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in LEO for short imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:27.370Z","spacedevs_id":"f2997741-d581-49ba-8056-ea613104d0c4","net":"1975-12-03T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-113","gcat_id":"1975-113","payload_mass_kg":6030,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6425,"rocket_id":1440,"date":"1975-12-04T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-9 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-9 Hexagon 11 (OPS 4428), a U.S. NRO wide-area film-return photoreconnaissance satellite, with co-manifested S3-2 research payload. Titan IIID from Vandenberg SLC-4E placed the craft in polar LEO for strategic imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:27.065Z","spacedevs_id":"8b7c4842-5510-4750-97c6-849752599582","net":"1975-12-04T20:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4E","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-114","gcat_id":"1975-114","payload_mass_kg":11001,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 72% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID-HEXAGON.png","model":"Titan IIID","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIID.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":36,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":12300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6426,"rocket_id":1362,"date":"1975-12-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DAD-A & B","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Dual Air Density Explorer (DADE-A and DADE-B), a pair of U.S. atmospheric-density research satellites for the Air Force and NASA. Scout F-1 (196C) from Vandenberg SLC-5 failed, destroying both payloads intended for polar LEO.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:26.853Z","spacedevs_id":"926c05ff-0802-41f7-a62e-6932b4b3b321","net":"1975-12-06T03:35:01.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 5","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1975-F06","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Scout F-1","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Scout-F-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"Vought","height":25,"modelfamily":"Scout","payloadleo":193,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6427,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1975-12-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-U2-IK 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos 14 (DS-U2-IK #7), a cooperative Soviet-bloc science satellite studying the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and micrometeorites. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 lofted the craft for Hungary, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, and the USSR.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:26.547Z","spacedevs_id":"f779ce34-e0b6-40b3-888f-30067d9e7709","net":"1975-12-11T17:00:01.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-115","gcat_id":"1975-115","payload_mass_kg":312,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6428,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1975-12-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-A 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 785 (US-A #11), a Soviet nuclear-powered radar ocean reconnaissance satellite (RORSAT) for tracking naval surface ships. Tsyklon-2 from Baikonur Site 90/19 placed the craft in LEO for active radar maritime surveillance.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:26.337Z","spacedevs_id":"d4ae4549-249f-4018-aae8-e481b855f0dc","net":"1975-12-12T12:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"90","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-116","gcat_id":"1975-116","payload_mass_kg":3800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-US-A.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6429,"rocket_id":1291,"date":"1975-12-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Satcom 1","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Satcom 1 (RCA-A), RCA Americom’s first commercial U.S. domestic communications satellite. Delta 3914 (D-118) from Cape Canaveral LC-17A placed the craft in geostationary orbit; maiden flight of the more powerful Delta 3914 variant.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:26.048Z","spacedevs_id":"4af70e55-9210-4556-815f-709a6e17d2e1","net":"1975-12-13T01:56:14.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-117","gcat_id":"1975-117","payload_mass_kg":867,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 3914","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-3914.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":951,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6430,"rocket_id":1439,"date":"1975-12-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DSP 5","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"DSP 5 (OPS 3165, IMEWS 5), a U.S. Air Force Defense Support Program infrared missile early-warning satellite. Titan IIIC (3C-29) from Cape Canaveral SLC-40 placed the craft in geostationary orbit to detect ballistic-missile launches.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:25.814Z","spacedevs_id":"6d070772-cbef-426d-bb59-da63e493f040","net":"1975-12-14T05:15:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 40","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-118","gcat_id":"1975-118","payload_mass_kg":1041,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC-DSP.png","model":"Titan IIIC","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-IIIC.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":42,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":13100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6431,"rocket_id":1318,"date":"1975-12-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"JSSW 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"JSSW 2 (CK 2, China 5), a Chinese Ji Shu Shiyan Weixing experimental military satellite, likely technology or reconnaissance. Feng Bao 1 from Jiuquan placed the craft in LEO; purpose undisclosed and no Western signals were received.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:25.295Z","spacedevs_id":"726579fa-ae62-416c-bfa5-4b9e98070131","net":"1975-12-16T09:21:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 2B","pad_location":"Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-119","gcat_id":"1975-119","payload_mass_kg":1109,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Feng Bao 1","country":"CHN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Feng-Bao-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"CASC","height":33,"modelfamily":"Feng Bao","payloadleo":2500,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6432,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1975-12-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 53","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 786 (Zenit-4MK #53, Germes #53), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the GRU. Voskhod from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:25.547Z","spacedevs_id":"e60c7da7-4ee7-4689-b61b-79fcb646d095","net":"1975-12-16T09:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-120","gcat_id":"1975-120","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6433,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1975-12-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-2 15","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-2 15, a Soviet second-generation highly elliptical-orbit communications satellite of the YeSSS system for telephone and TV links at high latitudes. Molniya-M/Blok-ML from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in Molniya orbit on 17 December 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:41.270Z","spacedevs_id":"beb2d8bc-0c35-468c-a6ba-ba45211bafa6","net":"1975-12-17T11:06:01.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-121","gcat_id":"1975-121","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6434,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1975-12-19T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-M 7","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Failed launch of a DS-P1-M (Tyulpan/Lira #7) Soviet ASAT target satellite intended as the would-be Kosmos 787. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 on 19 December 1975 did not reach orbit; the ~643 kg target was built for co-orbital Istrebitel Sputnikov interceptor tests.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:40.785Z","spacedevs_id":"cbb5142b-df58-46f5-bacf-b7f7bc705a47","net":"1975-12-19T14:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1975-F07","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6435,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1975-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Prognoz-4","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Heliophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Prognoz 4 (SO-M 504), a Soviet solar and magnetospheric research satellite studying solar activity’s effects on the interplanetary medium and Earth’s magnetosphere. Molniya-M/Blok-SO-L from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the ~905 kg craft into a highly elliptical ~634×199,000 km orbit on 22 December 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:40.250Z","spacedevs_id":"97032826-3cd7-4e64-b30e-1558a4aa446c","net":"1975-12-22T02:08:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-122","gcat_id":"1975-122","payload_mass_kg":1233,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-SOL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6436,"rocket_id":1349,"date":"1975-12-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Raduga 1","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Raduga 1 (Gran 11L), the first operational Soviet Raduga/Gran geostationary dual-use military and civilian communications satellite on the KAUR-3 bus. Proton-K/Blok-DM from Baikonur Site 81/24 placed the ~2,000 kg craft in GEO on 22 December 1975 for C-band telephone, telegraph, and TV relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:40.459Z","spacedevs_id":"bfedc4b1-5716-4f5d-9f9d-59d8549f256c","net":"1975-12-22T13:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-123","gcat_id":"1975-123","payload_mass_kg":2765,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Proton-K/DM","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Block-DM.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":59,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":19000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6437,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1975-12-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-1 23 (38L)","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Meteor-1 23, a Soviet first-generation polar-orbiting weather satellite for meteorological imaging and cloud-cover observations. Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the ~3,800 kg craft in LEO on 25 December 1975 for hydrometeorological service.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:39.691Z","spacedevs_id":"18266c26-c263-4e88-87c4-13c92fda09c4","net":"1975-12-25T19:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-124","gcat_id":"1975-124","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6438,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1975-12-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-3 15L","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-3 15L, a Soviet third-generation highly elliptical-orbit communications satellite for high-latitude telephone and TV coverage across the USSR. Molniya-M/Blok-ML from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in Molniya orbit on 27 December 1975.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:40:39.307Z","spacedevs_id":"7b072f01-d762-4615-aae8-61981b8dff77","net":"1975-12-27T10:22:02.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1975-125","gcat_id":"1975-125","payload_mass_kg":2078,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6439,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1976-01-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 29","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 787 (Tselina-O #29), a Soviet electronic-intelligence satellite of the Tselina-O ELINT constellation. 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Delta 3914 (D-121) from Cape Canaveral SLC-17A placed the craft in geostationary orbit for telephone, TV, and data relay over North America.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:38:17.157Z","spacedevs_id":"7ac47682-d6f5-4170-8559-316f2378aac8","net":"1976-03-26T22:47:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-029","gcat_id":"1976-029","payload_mass_kg":867,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 3914","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-3914.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":951,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6469,"rocket_id":1376,"date":"1976-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MT 10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 811 (Zenit-4MT #10, Orion #10), a Soviet film-return topographic mapping photoreconnaissance satellite. Soyuz-M from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the craft in LEO for a short cartographic imaging mission with a recoverable capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:38:16.714Z","spacedevs_id":"1cddccaa-9180-46df-90fa-a3959f32d053","net":"1976-03-31T12:50:03.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-030","gcat_id":"1976-030","payload_mass_kg":6680,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz 11A511M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":50,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6600,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6470,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1976-04-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 31","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 812 (Tselina-O #31), a Soviet general-survey ELINT satellite in the Tselina system. 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Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 41/1 placed the ~2.2 t craft in polar LEO for visible and infrared weather imaging and Earth radiation-budget measurements.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:37:28.709Z","spacedevs_id":"be62c068-fc68-4771-9e91-a7ac26ddf248","net":"1976-04-07T13:05:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-032","gcat_id":"1976-032","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6472,"rocket_id":1104,"date":"1976-04-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 66","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 813 (Zenit-2M/Gektor #66), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Voskhod from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in LEO for a ~12-day optical imaging mission with recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:37:28.499Z","spacedevs_id":"f3b7c2e0-d3db-4a75-91b3-13af5ad7df5d","net":"1976-04-09T08:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-033","gcat_id":"1976-033","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Voskhod","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Voskhod.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":44,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":6000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6473,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1976-04-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"IS-A 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 814 (IS-A #2), a Soviet co-orbital anti-satellite interceptor. 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Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in LEO for cartographic imaging with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:33:47.821Z","spacedevs_id":"4d7b2322-53b8-4a78-bbbd-f306d194801c","net":"1976-09-21T11:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-095","gcat_id":"1976-095","payload_mass_kg":6050,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6535,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1976-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 71","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 856 (Zenit-2M #71, Gektor #71) with a Nauka science module, a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Soyuz 11A511 from Baikonur Site 1/5 reached orbit, but an Igla docking failure aborted the mission; the crew later made a night splashdown in Lake Tengiz.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:33:45.535Z","spacedevs_id":"9c670c05-b7e2-474b-877e-b854fb029ea0","net":"1976-10-14T17:39:18.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-100","gcat_id":"1976-100","payload_mass_kg":6800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511.png","model":"Soyuz 11A511","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-11A511-7K-OK.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":50.7,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6450,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6541,"rocket_id":1287,"date":"1976-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Marisat 3","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Marisat 3 (Marisat F3), a COMSAT maritime communications satellite for U.S. Navy and commercial shipping. 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Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in sun-synchronous LEO for cloud-cover imaging and weather data for Hydrometeorological Service users.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:33:45.248Z","spacedevs_id":"6c20a91a-80fd-40ec-9c12-24d8fd6f2be2","net":"1976-10-15T22:59:38.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-102","gcat_id":"1976-102","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6543,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1976-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-A 12","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 860 (US-A #12), a Soviet nuclear-powered Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite (RORSAT). Tsiklon-2 from Baikonur Site 90 placed the BES-5 reactor-powered active-radar craft in LEO to track naval vessels for the Soviet military.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:33:44.970Z","spacedevs_id":"1abfa17f-ff8d-4fa5-88e1-3723e0bf38d1","net":"1976-10-17T18:06:43.000Z","pad_name":"90","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-103","gcat_id":"1976-103","payload_mass_kg":3800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-US-A.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6544,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1976-10-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-A 13","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 861 (US-A #13), a Soviet nuclear-powered Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite (RORSAT). Tsiklon-2 from Baikonur Site 90 placed the BES-5 reactor-powered active-radar craft in LEO to track NATO and merchant ships at sea.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:33:44.754Z","spacedevs_id":"6ce40e70-2fbc-42b0-9228-5be57a70747a","net":"1976-10-21T16:53:00.000Z","pad_name":"90","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-104","gcat_id":"1976-104","payload_mass_kg":3800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-US-A.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6545,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1976-10-22T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-K 5","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 862 (US-K #5), a Soviet Oko missile early-warning satellite on a highly elliptical Molniya orbit. Molniya-M/Blok-2BL from Plesetsk Site 43/4 deployed the fifth HEO US-K craft with infrared sensors to detect ballistic-missile launches.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:33:44.546Z","spacedevs_id":"3b44693c-3b1e-4fab-b209-96de11af8422","net":"1976-10-22T09:11:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-105","gcat_id":"1976-105","payload_mass_kg":1578,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6546,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1976-10-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 69","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 863 (Zenit-4MK #69, Germes #69), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO for a short optical imaging mission with a recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:33:44.188Z","spacedevs_id":"319fa1af-9a9d-4b65-99db-3f05a2712de8","net":"1976-10-25T14:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-106","gcat_id":"1976-106","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6547,"rocket_id":1349,"date":"1976-10-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Ekran","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Ekran 1 (Ekran 11L), the first Soviet operational geosynchronous direct-broadcast TV satellite (Stationar-T). Proton-K/Blok-DM from Baikonur Site 81/24 placed the ~2 t KAUR-3 craft in GEO to deliver Central Television to Siberia and the Far North.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:35.110Z","spacedevs_id":"7a94dda9-0bb7-4428-95f6-146cb0ff2b95","net":"1976-10-26T14:50:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-107","gcat_id":"1976-107","payload_mass_kg":2800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Proton-K/DM","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Block-DM.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":59,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":19000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6548,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1976-10-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Parus 6","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 864 (Parus #6), a Soviet military navigation and store-dump communications satellite of the Tsiklon/Parus constellation. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the craft in LEO to provide naval positioning and message relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:34.760Z","spacedevs_id":"78070d64-b4d4-4a54-ad68-7eeb05451c1c","net":"1976-10-29T12:39:44.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-108","gcat_id":"1976-108","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6549,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1976-11-01T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 72","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 865 (Zenit-2M #72, Gektor #72), a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO for area surveillance imaging with a recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:34.545Z","spacedevs_id":"34ae01cb-fc3b-4e96-ba56-02bc26db65ef","net":"1976-11-01T11:20:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-109","gcat_id":"1976-109","payload_mass_kg":5400,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6550,"rocket_id":1318,"date":"1976-11-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"JSSW 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"JSSW (4) (Ji Shu Shiyan Weixing / Chang Kong), a Chinese experimental military technology satellite, likely ELINT or imaging. Feng Bao 1 from Jiuquan LC-2/138 failed when the second-stage engine lost thrust, preventing orbit insertion.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:34.289Z","spacedevs_id":"f9388eac-5b56-4eb8-8203-68d0b73afefe","net":"1976-11-10T09:05:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 2B","pad_location":"Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1976-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Feng Bao 1","country":"CHN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Feng-Bao-1.png","provider_manufacturer":"CASC","height":33,"modelfamily":"Feng Bao","payloadleo":2500,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6551,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1976-11-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 70","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 866 (Zenit-4MK #70, Germes #70), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Soyuz-U from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in LEO for a ~12-day optical imaging mission with recoverable film capsule for the GRU.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:34.071Z","spacedevs_id":"76400b1b-8229-434a-a7ab-bd35f704c17c","net":"1976-11-11T10:45:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-110","gcat_id":"1976-110","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6552,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1976-11-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-6U 1","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 867 (Zenit-6U #1, Argon #1), the first flight of the unified Soviet film-return photoreconnaissance satellite replacing earlier Zenit-2M/4MK types. Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the ~6.3 t craft in LEO for a ~12–14 day imaging mission.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:33.852Z","spacedevs_id":"6b201637-5233-4304-b46c-54670e23a12b","net":"1976-11-23T16:27:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-111","gcat_id":"1976-111","payload_mass_kg":6300,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6553,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1976-11-25T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Prognoz-5","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Heliophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Prognoz 5, a Soviet heliophysics and magnetospheric research satellite of the Prognoz series. Molniya-M/Blok SO-L from Baikonur Site 31/6 placed the craft in a highly elliptical orbit to study solar activity, solar wind, and the magnetosphere.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:33.524Z","spacedevs_id":"e7dacc0b-050d-4b21-a59f-510633b30288","net":"1976-11-25T03:59:00.000Z","pad_name":"31/6","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-112","gcat_id":"1976-112","payload_mass_kg":1258,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-SOL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6554,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1976-11-26T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-P 4","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 868 (US-P #4), a Soviet solar-powered electronic ocean reconnaissance satellite (EORSAT). Tsyklon-2 from Baikonur Site 90/20 placed the ~3.3 t KB Arsenal craft in ~420 km, 65° LEO to track naval vessels by their radio emissions.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:33.243Z","spacedevs_id":"510ed3ef-cc23-4e8a-95dc-df681b7aa489","net":"1976-11-26T14:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"90","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-113","gcat_id":"1976-113","payload_mass_kg":3300,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6555,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1976-11-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Kosmos 869","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 869 (Soyuz 7K-S No. 3L), the third uncrewed test of the military Soyuz-T precursor spacecraft. Soyuz-U from Baikonur Site 1/5 flew an 18-day LEO qualification mission of the redesigned systems later used on Soyuz-T.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:32.840Z","spacedevs_id":"819540f9-432d-495c-8622-34040aa57097","net":"1976-11-29T16:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-114","gcat_id":"1976-114","payload_mass_kg":6850,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6556,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1976-12-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-O 33","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 870 (Tselina-O #33), a Soviet general ELINT/SIGINT satellite of the two-tier Tselina system. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the craft in LEO to survey radio emitters for follow-up by higher-resolution Tselina-D spacecraft.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:32.266Z","spacedevs_id":"ace24ebe-4785-468a-9c04-41a74fbcf8f0","net":"1976-12-02T00:17:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-115","gcat_id":"1976-115","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6557,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1976-12-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-2 16","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-2 16, a Soviet YeSSS communications satellite on a highly elliptical Molniya orbit for high-latitude coverage. Molniya-M/Blok-ML from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the ~1.6 t craft into ~500×40,000 km orbit for national telephone and TV relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:32.488Z","spacedevs_id":"44caec77-ee63-4528-9d9c-62d48e09a69f","net":"1976-12-02T02:44:57.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-116","gcat_id":"1976-116","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6558,"rocket_id":1266,"date":"1976-12-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"FSW-0 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"FSW-0 2 (FSW 2, JB-1 2), China's second successful recoverable film-return reconnaissance satellite. Long March 2A from Jiuquan LC-2/138 placed the ~1.8 t CAST craft in LEO; the reentry capsule was recovered on 9 December after Earth-observation imaging.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:31.716Z","spacedevs_id":"1bd41f0f-c35b-43b4-97d7-312f56c8404e","net":"1976-12-07T04:38:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Area 2B","pad_location":"Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-117","gcat_id":"1976-117","payload_mass_kg":1791,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Long March 2A","country":"CHN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Long-March-2-Original.png","provider_manufacturer":"CASC","height":31.17,"modelfamily":"Long March","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6559,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1976-12-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-1M 121-128","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 871–878 (Strela-1M #121–128), an octet of Soviet military store-and-dump communications satellites. Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 deployed the eight ~40 kg craft in a single LEO stack for tactical message relay.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:34:32.053Z","spacedevs_id":"a1f14844-def0-49a6-9641-6573395d9678","net":"1976-12-07T10:23:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-118","gcat_id":"1976-118","payload_mass_kg":480,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6560,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1976-12-09T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 73","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 879 (Zenit-2M 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10","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 880 (DS-P1-M/Tyulpan/Lira #10), a Soviet armored ASAT target satellite for IS-A intercept tests, launched on a Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2; later engaged and destroyed by Kosmos 886.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:11.536Z","spacedevs_id":"b6b6e644-2138-4afe-a1c1-1d9c48b1ec42","net":"1976-12-09T20:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1976-120","gcat_id":"1976-120","payload_mass_kg":1045,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6562,"rocket_id":1095,"date":"1976-12-15T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"TKS-VA 1 & 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Dual Kosmos 881 and 882 (TKS-VA #1/#2), the first uncrewed orbital test of two Almaz VA reentry capsules stacked without FGB modules, launched together on a Proton-K from Baikonur Site 81/24; both recovered the same day.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:10.832Z","spacedevs_id":"bef773f7-8b84-46d8-83eb-9d15dfd1510b","net":"1976-12-15T01:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"81/24 (81P)","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of 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Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the ~2 t craft in LEO to classify radio emitters first detected by smaller Tselina-O companions.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:19.758Z","spacedevs_id":"e56026ce-26bb-47ab-8428-db275c5ab775","net":"1977-02-26T21:18:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-015","gcat_id":"1977-015","payload_mass_kg":1750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6586,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1977-03-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-6U 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 896 (Zenit-6U #2, Argon #2), the second flight of the unified Soviet film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for high-resolution or area-survey missions. Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the ~6.3 t craft in LEO for a ~12–14 day imaging flight.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:19.548Z","spacedevs_id":"bec36e28-e66d-4bdd-889f-db66f940937f","net":"1977-03-03T10:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-016","gcat_id":"1977-016","payload_mass_kg":6300,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6587,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1977-03-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 75","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 897 (Zenit-4MK #75, Germes #75), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Delta 2914 from Cape Canaveral LC-17A placed the 12 C-band-transponder craft in GEO to serve the Indonesian archipelago and neighboring Southeast Asia.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:18.685Z","spacedevs_id":"ef065ae1-36f5-4a75-a705-031c74c02acc","net":"1977-03-10T23:16:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 17A","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-018","gcat_id":"1977-018","payload_mass_kg":575,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta 2914","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-2914.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":35,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":724,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6589,"rocket_id":1421,"date":"1977-03-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"KH-8 48","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"KH-8 48 (Gambit-3 Mission 4348, OPS 4915), the first Block 4 high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the NRO/USAF. Titan 24B/Agena-D from Vandenberg SLC-4W placed the dual-platen ~0.1 m-class camera craft in LEO with two film recovery vehicles.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:18.093Z","spacedevs_id":"4e1d7d90-0654-4fb2-952e-d8ff1befe77c","net":"1977-03-13T18:41:10.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 4W","pad_location":"Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-019","gcat_id":"1977-019","payload_mass_kg":2850,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 88% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Titan 24B","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Titan-24B.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":45,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":3000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6590,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1977-03-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-2M 75","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 898 (Zenit-2M #75, Gektor #75) with a Nauka science module, a Soviet medium-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. 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Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/2 placed the ~430 kg craft in LEO to survey radio emitters for follow-up by higher-resolution Tselina-D spacecraft.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:17.665Z","spacedevs_id":"948db12e-cfa8-4879-bb08-9a9deebc6632","net":"1977-03-24T22:11:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-022","gcat_id":"1977-022","payload_mass_kg":434,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6593,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1977-03-29T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Oval","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 900 (AUOS-Z-R-O #1, Oval), a Soviet space-physics research satellite with electron/proton spectrometers, ion traps, and auroral photometers. 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Vostok-2M (8A92M) from Plesetsk Site 43/3 placed the craft in sun-synchronous LEO for cloud-cover imaging and weather data for Hydrometeorological Service users.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:16.819Z","spacedevs_id":"687f5631-f838-40ae-8da1-7f0abeb69660","net":"1977-04-05T02:05:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-024","gcat_id":"1977-024","payload_mass_kg":1280,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6595,"rocket_id":1327,"date":"1977-04-05T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"DS-P1-I 19","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Test Target","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 901 (DS-P1-I #19), a Soviet radar-calibration and target satellite for air-defense and missile-defense tracking practice. Kosmos-2 (11K63) from Plesetsk Site 133/1 placed the Dnepropetrovsk craft in LEO as a passive radar reflector/target.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:17.031Z","spacedevs_id":"728ae56e-b111-4aee-b4b1-19e707d4f1ad","net":"1977-04-05T10:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"133/3 (133L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-025","gcat_id":"1977-025","payload_mass_kg":200,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos 11K63","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-11K63.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":31,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":300,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6596,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1977-04-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-4MK 76","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 902 (Zenit-4MK #76, Germes #76), a Soviet high-resolution film-return photoreconnaissance satellite. Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/4 placed the craft in LEO for a ~12–14 day optical imaging mission with recoverable film capsule.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:16.608Z","spacedevs_id":"3235a209-c27a-43bb-bf35-75002a913bf2","net":"1977-04-07T08:59:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/4 (43R)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-026","gcat_id":"1977-026","payload_mass_kg":6010,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":6597,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1977-04-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-K 6","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 903 (US-K #6), a Soviet Oko missile early-warning satellite on a highly elliptical Molniya orbit. Molniya-M/Blok-2BL from Plesetsk Site 43/3 deployed the IR-telescope craft as the sixth HEO US-K, part of the 1977 prototype constellation effort.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:32:16.350Z","spacedevs_id":"0835b613-246b-4679-a7db-56462e4e7580","net":"1977-04-11T01:38:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1977-027","gcat_id":"1977-027","payload_mass_kg":1578,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress 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Soyuz-U from Baikonur Site 1/5; final resupply mission to the station before its decommissioning.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:04:50.350Z","spacedevs_id":"3bd21cc5-e6b3-4023-add7-8c6d8e88fedb","net":"1981-01-24T14:18:02.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1981-007","gcat_id":"1981-007","payload_mass_kg":9350,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Progress.png","model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":7054,"rocket_id":1452,"date":"1981-01-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Tselina-D 28","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 1242, a Tselina-D electronic intelligence (ELINT) satellite for the Soviet military, launched on a Vostok-2M from Plesetsk Site 43/3 into low Earth orbit to monitor radio and radar emissions.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:03:07.102Z","spacedevs_id":"a0b61e5a-e138-453f-8327-2e89aeddd556","net":"1981-01-27T14:58:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1981-008","gcat_id":"1981-008","payload_mass_kg":1750,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Vostok 8A92M","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Vostok-2M.png","provider_manufacturer":"RKK Energia","height":30.84,"modelfamily":"Vostok","payloadleo":3800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":7055,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1981-01-30T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-1K 49","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Molniya-1 49 (Molniya-1K), a Soviet high-latitude communications satellite launched on a Molniya-M from Plesetsk Site 43/3 into a highly elliptical Molniya orbit to relay long-haul traffic across the northern USSR.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:03:06.883Z","spacedevs_id":"407eae60-d191-4c9b-a0b0-320219c287e3","net":"1981-01-30T16:27:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1981-009","gcat_id":"1981-009","payload_mass_kg":1978,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":7056,"rocket_id":1443,"date":"1981-02-02T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"IS-A 11","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 1243, an IS-A co-orbital ASAT interceptor launched on a Tsiklon-2 from Baikonur Site 90 against target Kosmos 1241; the interceptor passed within about 50 m of the target but its explosive charge failed to detonate (ASAT test failure).","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:03:06.655Z","spacedevs_id":"3bb3bec9-accc-4238-aad5-166435a497d9","net":"1981-02-02T02:19:00.000Z","pad_name":"90","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1981-010","gcat_id":"1981-010","payload_mass_kg":1400,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2-IS.png","model":"Tsiklon-2","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.7,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":2820,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":7057,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1981-02-06T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"AUOS-Z-R-P-IK 2","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Interkosmos 21 (AUOS-Z-R-P-IK), a Soviet-led international science satellite with Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and Romania, launched on a Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk to study oceans and Earth's surface and automate data collection from sea and land stations.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:03:06.438Z","spacedevs_id":"c1359fb7-316c-4979-9264-ab1c51d12a7f","net":"1981-02-06T08:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1981-011","gcat_id":"1981-011","payload_mass_kg":995,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":7058,"rocket_id":1341,"date":"1981-02-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Kiku-3","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"ETS-4 (Kiku-3), NASDA's Engineering Test Satellite flown on the maiden N-II (N-2) launch from Tanegashima into a high elliptical transfer orbit to verify N-II performance and on-orbit spacecraft systems; ceased operations in December 1984.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:03:06.195Z","spacedevs_id":"b1d64fdd-c1cc-444f-bc35-651d6a7995ca","net":"1981-02-11T08:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"Osaki Launch Complex","pad_location":"Tanegashima Space Center, Japan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1981-012","gcat_id":"1981-012","payload_mass_kg":650,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"N-2","country":"JPN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/N-II.png","provider_manufacturer":"MHI","height":35,"modelfamily":"N","payloadleo":2000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":7059,"rocket_id":1102,"date":"1981-02-12T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Parus 26","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Navigation","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 1244, a Parus military navigation satellite for the Soviet Navy, launched on a Kosmos-3M from Plesetsk Site 132/1 into low Earth orbit as part of the Parus constellation.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T14:03:05.785Z","spacedevs_id":"c38d64a1-6ca0-4765-a903-7a41d45a30b6","net":"1981-02-12T18:21:00.000Z","pad_name":"132/1 (132L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1981-013","gcat_id":"1981-013","payload_mass_kg":800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Kosmos-3M (11K65M)","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Kosmos-3M.png","provider_manufacturer":"Polyot","height":32.4,"modelfamily":"Kosmos","payloadleo":1400,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":7060,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1981-02-13T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-6U 33","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 1245, a Zenit-6U (Argon) film-return photoreconnaissance satellite for the Soviet military, launched on a Soyuz-U from Plesetsk Site 43/3 into low Earth orbit; 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100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8036,"rocket_id":1101,"date":"1989-02-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Progress 40","orbit":"Unknown","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Unknown","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Progress 40, an uncrewed Soyuz-U2 cargo freighter, resupplied the Mir space station with roughly 2,500 kg of food, oxygen, fuel and spare parts for the resident crew, docking 12 February 1989 and undocking 3 March before a destructive re-entry with waste.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T12:39:41.052Z","spacedevs_id":"30acb35c-4329-4ea5-b892-8afa18c208a5","net":"1989-02-10T08:53:52.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1989-008","gcat_id":"1989-008","payload_mass_kg":9015,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U2-Progress.png","model":"Soyuz-U2","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U2-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":34.54,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":7050,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8037,"rocket_id":1445,"date":"1989-02-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Strela-3 37 to 42","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":1,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"A Tsiklon-3 rocket deployed six Strela-3 military store-and-dump communications satellites (Kosmos 1994-1999, Strela-3 nos. 29-34) from Plesetsk in a single cluster launch, each a 220 kg relay for delayed Soviet military message traffic.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T12:39:41.273Z","spacedevs_id":"27f9cef9-59ed-4c3f-8e09-e70ee78fe8c1","net":"1989-02-10T15:13:56.000Z","pad_name":"32/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1989-009","gcat_id":"1989-009","payload_mass_kg":1350,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Tsiklon-3","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.27,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":4100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8038,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1989-02-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-8 76","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":2,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Progress 40 launched an uncrewed Soviet resupply run to the Mir space station, docking with the Kvant-1 module on 12 February 1989 with roughly 2,500 kg of propellant, food, and equipment for the resident EO-4 crew before undocking and deorbiting in early March.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T12:54:57.832Z","spacedevs_id":"e4e95d04-1adc-4015-abb8-dcfd9fe14910","net":"1989-02-10T16:55:00.000Z","pad_name":"41/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1989-010","gcat_id":"1989-010","payload_mass_kg":6300,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8039,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1989-02-14T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-K 60 (Kosmos 2001)","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Kosmos 2001, a US-K missile early warning satellite for the Soviet military's Oko program, launched on a Molniya-M rocket with a 2BL upper stage from Plesetsk into a highly elliptical Molniya orbit to detect US ICBM launches via infrared sensing.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T12:18:35.675Z","spacedevs_id":"7d4ad0d7-cc4e-493f-9bfc-31d7966a9ef6","net":"1989-02-14T04:21:11.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1989-011","gcat_id":"1989-011","payload_mass_kg":1578,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 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It was the final flight of the original Proton-K/Blok DM configuration.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:53:29.567Z","spacedevs_id":"48e26ad7-baaa-4640-817d-b7031b166dd2","net":"1990-06-20T23:36:00.000Z","pad_name":"200/40","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1990-054","gcat_id":"1990-054","payload_mass_kg":2920,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Proton-K/DM","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Proton-K-Block-DM.png","provider_manufacturer":"Khrunichev","height":59,"modelfamily":"Proton / UR-500","payloadleo":19000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8187,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"1990-06-21T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"US-K 64","orbit":"Elliptical","success":"Partial Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Attempted to launch Kosmos 2084, a US-K (Oko) early-warning satellite, from Plesetsk. The Blok I fourth stage shut down about eight seconds after ignition at T+298 seconds, and the rocket and payload reentered and broke up near Tobolsk, Siberia.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:53:29.353Z","spacedevs_id":"8d30f1ae-8305-473b-ac55-3777b53d7479","net":"1990-06-21T20:45:52.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":"success","cospar_id":"1990-055","gcat_id":"1990-055","payload_mass_kg":1578,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-2BL.png","model":"Molniya-M 2BL","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Molniya-M-ML.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":43.4,"modelfamily":"R-7","payloadleo":1800,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8188,"rocket_id":1272,"date":"1990-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Intelsat 604","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Launched Intelsat 604, an international communications satellite, on the third flight of the Commercial Titan III from Cape Canaveral's SLC-40.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:41:14.098Z","spacedevs_id":"c48bfd47-a4c7-4fd3-9a95-c8726667f484","net":"1990-06-23T11:19:00.000Z","pad_name":"Space Launch Complex 40","pad_location":"Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1990-056","gcat_id":"1990-056","payload_mass_kg":5013,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Commercial Titan III","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Commercial-Titan-III.png","provider_manufacturer":"LM","height":47.3,"modelfamily":"Titan","payloadleo":14742,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8189,"rocket_id":1445,"date":"1990-06-27T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Meteor-2 19","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Earth Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Deployed Meteor 2-20, a Soviet weather satellite, from Plesetsk into a near-polar orbit to gather meteorological and Earth-imaging data.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:41:13.879Z","spacedevs_id":"8e0a2a68-2489-47a1-81ba-9630ae081202","net":"1990-06-27T22:30:00.000Z","pad_name":"32/1","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1990-057","gcat_id":"1990-057","payload_mass_kg":1500,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 100% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain","drawing_url":null,"model":"Tsiklon-3","country":"UKR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Tsiklon-3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Yuzhmash","height":39.27,"modelfamily":"Tsiklon","payloadleo":4100,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8190,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1990-07-03T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Yantar-4K2 53","orbit":"LEO","success":"Failure","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"A Soyuz-U-PVB failed shortly after liftoff from Plesetsk, destroying the roughly 6,600 kg Yantar-4K1 photo-reconnaissance satellite it carried; an upper-stage malfunction prevented the spacecraft from reaching orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:41:13.645Z","spacedevs_id":"831fac4e-ed4a-4f40-93dd-dfedf1962dab","net":"1990-07-03T19:19:58.000Z","pad_name":"16/2","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1990-F03","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8191,"rocket_id":1101,"date":"1990-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Gamma","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Astrophysics","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Launched the Gamma astrophysical observatory, a joint Soviet-French-Polish gamma-ray and X-ray astronomy satellite built on a Soyuz spacecraft bus; conceived in 1965 and delayed for decades, it studied high-energy cosmic sources from Baikonur until re-entering in 1992.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:41:13.435Z","spacedevs_id":"c95a7578-6eac-4caf-9e6e-7e744af3220a","net":"1990-07-11T10:00:00.000Z","pad_name":"1/5","pad_location":"Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1990-058","gcat_id":"1990-058","payload_mass_kg":7320,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz-U2","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U2-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":34.54,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":7050,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8192,"rocket_id":1268,"date":"1990-07-16T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"BADR & Aussat-B-MFS","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Test Flight","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Maiden flight of the Long March 2E, China's first rocket with strap-on liquid boosters; carried Pakistan's first satellite, Badr-1, plus a dummy mass simulator for the Aussat-B communications satellite. An upper-stage attitude fault left the dummy payload in a bad orbit, though Badr-1 reached its planned low Earth orbit.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:41:13.203Z","spacedevs_id":"74f4894b-680d-47a5-b2c8-5904f5643cd8","net":"1990-07-16T00:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 2 (LC-2)","pad_location":"Xichang Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1990-059","gcat_id":"1990-059","payload_mass_kg":2750,"payload_mass_basis":"estimate: GCAT figure; 98% of it rests on masses GCAT marks uncertain (attached final stage excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Long March 2E","country":"CHN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Long-March-2E.png","provider_manufacturer":"CASC","height":49.686,"modelfamily":"Long March","payloadleo":9200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8193,"rocket_id":1378,"date":"1990-07-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Resurs-F2 5","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Carried Resurs-F No. 7, a Resurs-F2 recoverable Earth-resources satellite, into low orbit from Plesetsk aboard a Soyuz-U-PVB. Over a roughly 30-day mission the film-return capsule photographed the USSR's territory for natural-resource and environmental survey work before reentering in mid-August 1990.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-22T21:45:13.318Z","spacedevs_id":"507bdea4-416d-4301-9e9f-6b234f5fe345","net":"1990-07-17T09:29:59.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1990-060","gcat_id":"1990-060","payload_mass_kg":6450,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz-U-PVB","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-PVB-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8194,"rocket_id":1080,"date":"1990-07-18T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Potok 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UR-500","payloadleo":19000,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8195,"rocket_id":1037,"date":"1990-07-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Zenit-8 93","orbit":"LEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Government/Top Secret","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Carried Kosmos 2086, a Zenit-8 (Oblik #93) film-return photo-reconnaissance satellite built for Soviet military cartographic surveillance, continuing a program that also gathered imagery for the USSR's civilian earth-resources needs.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:53:29.106Z","spacedevs_id":"4754bd27-4e94-4860-b196-cb70af85b2a7","net":"1990-07-20T08:40:00.000Z","pad_name":"43/3 (43L)","pad_location":"Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1990-062","gcat_id":"1990-062","payload_mass_kg":6300,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Soyuz U","country":"RUS","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Soyuz-U-Zenit.png","provider_manufacturer":"Progress RSC","height":51.1,"modelfamily":"Soyuz","payloadleo":6900,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8196,"rocket_id":1225,"date":"1990-07-24T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"TDF 2 & DFS-Kopernikus 2","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Orbited two geostationary communications satellites: TDF 2, a French direct-broadcast satellite, and DFS Kopernikus 2, a German Bundespost telecom satellite stationed at 28.5 degrees East.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-20T08:41:12.770Z","spacedevs_id":"a1335e51-5bfd-4324-a6b2-e83432c0f1a7","net":"1990-07-24T22:25:00.000Z","pad_name":"Ariane Launch Area 2","pad_location":"Guiana Space Centre, French 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Israel","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1995-018","gcat_id":"1995-018","payload_mass_kg":225,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Shavit-2","country":"ISR","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Shavit-2.png","provider_manufacturer":"IAI","height":26,"modelfamily":"Shavit","payloadleo":350,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8777,"rocket_id":1254,"date":"1995-04-07T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"AMSC 1","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Launched AMSC-1 (also marketed as MSAT-2), a Hughes HS-601 mobile communications satellite for American Mobile Satellite Corporation providing mobile voice and data coverage over North America.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-19T21:52:52.121Z","spacedevs_id":"e1575d5e-7eba-4fb6-9072-4f18973e9b33","net":"1995-04-07T23:47:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 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A guidance failure two seconds after liftoff sent the rocket crashing into a nearby village, destroying the $125 million satellite and killing at least six people on the ground.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-19T21:48:19.742Z","spacedevs_id":"e8b85a69-66ba-45eb-8082-5e892fb5ddc5","net":"1996-02-14T19:01:00.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 2 (LC-2)","pad_location":"Xichang Satellite Launch Center, People's Republic of China","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":null,"gcat_id":"1996-F01","payload_mass_kg":0,"payload_mass_basis":"did not reach orbit","drawing_url":null,"model":"Long March 3B","country":"CHN","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Long-March-3B-Original.png","provider_manufacturer":"CASC","height":54.8,"modelfamily":"Long March","payloadleo":11500,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":8844,"rocket_id":1309,"date":"1996-02-17T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"NEAR Shoemaker","orbit":"Helio-N/A","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Planetary Science","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Launched NASA's NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft toward near-Earth asteroid 433 Eros. 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USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1998-023","gcat_id":"1998-023","payload_mass_kg":1800,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Delta II 7420-10C","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Delta-II-7420-10C.png","provider_manufacturer":"McDonnell Douglas","height":38.7,"modelfamily":"Delta","payloadleo":3099,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":9026,"rocket_id":1227,"date":"1998-04-28T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Nilesat 101 & BSat 1b","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Launched two communications satellites, Nilesat 101 and BSat-1b, from Kourou. 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The crew retrieved astronaut Andrew Thomas after his 130-day stay aboard Mir, closing out the Shuttle-Mir Phase 1 program.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-19T21:24:58.004Z","spacedevs_id":"5809d291-6afd-47f3-8631-6ce8b59f4653","net":"1998-06-02T22:06:24.000Z","pad_name":"Launch Complex 39A","pad_location":"Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"1998-034","gcat_id":"1998-034","payload_mass_kg":19817,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat (Shuttle orbiter excluded)","drawing_url":null,"model":"Space Shuttle","country":"USA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Space-Shuttle-STS-3.png","provider_manufacturer":"Rockwell / Martin Marietta / Thiokol","height":56.1,"modelfamily":"Space Shuttle","payloadleo":27500,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":9037,"rocket_id":1140,"date":"1998-06-10T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Thor III","orbit":"Direct-GEO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Launched the Thor 3 direct-broadcast communications satellite for Telenor from Cape Canaveral. 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ESA's Artemis used its ion engines to reach geostationary orbit by 2003, while BSAT-2b was declared a total loss.","description_updated_at":"2026-07-19T20:53:57.005Z","spacedevs_id":"caca9e1a-99ea-476e-8d5a-e32cf7fb4d9b","net":"2001-07-12T21:58:00.000Z","pad_name":"Ariane Launch Area 3","pad_location":"Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana","curated_fields":null,"cospar_id":"2001-029","gcat_id":"2001-029","payload_mass_kg":4843,"payload_mass_basis":"gcat","drawing_url":null,"model":"Ariane 5 G","country":"FRA","image_url":"https://ydasokodwfywcl0z.public.blob.vercel-storage.com/rocketsproprietary/Ariane-5-G-Short.png","provider_manufacturer":"ArianeGroup","height":45.7,"modelfamily":"Ariane","payloadleo":12200,"image_blob_url":null},{"id":3881,"rocket_id":1106,"date":"2001-07-20T00:00:00.000Z","payload":"Molniya-3","orbit":"GSO","success":"Success","order":0,"payload1":"Communications","payload2":null,"payload3":null,"payload4":null,"payload5":null,"description":"Launched Molniya-3K No. 1, a 1,740 kg Russian communications satellite, from Plesetsk into a highly elliptical Molniya orbit optimized for coverage of Russia's northern regions. 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